feat(flagd): improve in-process evaluation mode, optimize dependencies

crates/flagd/Cargo.toml

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ rpc = ["dep:tonic", "dep:tonic-prost", "dep:prost", "dep:prost-types", "dep:hype
 # REST evaluation mode - uses HTTP/OFREP to connect to flagd service
 rest = ["dep:reqwest"]
 # In-process evaluation mode - local evaluation with gRPC sync or file-based configuration
-in-process = ["dep:tonic", "dep:tonic-prost", "dep:prost", "dep:prost-types", "dep:datalogic-rs", "dep:murmurhash3", "dep:semver"]
+in-process = ["dep:tonic", "dep:tonic-prost", "dep:prost", "dep:prost-types", "dep:datalogic-rs", "dep:murmurhash3", "dep:semver", "dep:notify"]
 
 # See more keys and their definitions at https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/manifest.html
 
@@ -38,7 +38,6 @@ tonic-prost-build = "0.14"
 
 [dev-dependencies]
 cucumber = "0.22"
-tokio-stream = "0.1"
 futures-core = "0.3"
 testcontainers = { version = "0.26.0", features = ["http_wait", "blocking"] }
 wiremock = "0.6.5"
@@ -50,24 +49,23 @@ test-log = { version = "0.2", features = ["trace"] }
 [dependencies]
 open-feature = "0.2"
 async-trait = "0.1"
-tokio = { version = "1.48", features = ["full"] }
+tokio = { version = "1.48", features = ["sync", "time", "fs", "rt", "rt-multi-thread", "macros", "net"] }
 serde_json = "1.0"
 serde = { version = "1.0", features = ["derive"] }
 lru = "0.16"
-futures = "0.3"
+tokio-stream = "0.1"
 tracing = "0.1"
-anyhow = "1.0.100"
 thiserror = "2.0"
 
 # RPC and In-Process shared dependencies (gRPC)
-tonic = { version = "0.14", optional = true }
+tonic = { version = "0.14", default-features = false, features = ["transport", "codegen"], optional = true }
 tonic-prost = { version = "0.14", optional = true }
 prost = { version = "0.14", optional = true }
 prost-types = { version = "0.14", optional = true }
 
 # RPC-specific dependencies
 hyper-util = { version = "0.1", features = ["tokio"], optional = true }
-tower = { version = "0.5", optional = true }
+tower = { version = "0.5", default-features = false, features = ["util"], optional = true }
 
 # REST-specific dependencies
 reqwest = { version = "0.12", default-features = false, features = ["json", "stream", "rustls-tls"], optional = true }
@@ -76,3 +74,4 @@ reqwest = { version = "0.12", default-features = false, features = ["json", "str
 datalogic-rs = { version = "4.0.4", optional = true }
 murmurhash3 = { version = "0.0.5", optional = true }
 semver = { version = "1.0.27", optional = true }
+notify = { version = "8.0", optional = true }

crates/flagd/README.md

@@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ Configurations can be provided as constructor options or via environment variabl
 | TLS                                     | FLAGD_TLS                               | boolean                           | false                               | RPC, In-Process                |
 | Socket Path                             | FLAGD_SOCKET_PATH                       | string                            | ""                                  | RPC                            |
 | Certificate Path                        | FLAGD_SERVER_CERT_PATH                  | string                            | ""                                  | RPC, In-Process                |
-| Cache Type (LRU / In-Memory / Disabled) | FLAGD_CACHE                             | string ("lru", "mem", "disabled") | lru                                 | RPC, In-Process, File          |
+| Cache Type (LRU / In-Memory / Disabled) | FLAGD_CACHE                             | string ("lru", "mem", "disabled") | In-Process: disabled, others: lru   | RPC, In-Process, File          |
 | Cache TTL (Seconds)                     | FLAGD_CACHE_TTL                         | number                            | 60                                  | RPC, In-Process, File          |
 | Max Cache Size                          | FLAGD_MAX_CACHE_SIZE                    | number                            | 1000                                | RPC, In-Process, File          |
 | Offline File Path                       | FLAGD_OFFLINE_FLAG_SOURCE_PATH          | string                            | ""                                  | File                           |

crates/flagd/examples/common/mod.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+//! Common utilities for flagd examples
+
+use std::time::Duration;
+use testcontainers::{
+    ContainerAsync, GenericImage, ImageExt,
+    core::{ContainerPort, Mount, WaitFor, logs::LogSource, wait::LogWaitStrategy},
+    runners::AsyncRunner,
+};
+
+pub const FLAGD_SYNC_PORT: u16 = 8015;
+
+/// Start a flagd container configured for in-process sync (port 8015)
+pub async fn start_flagd_sync(
+    flags_path: &str,
+    flags_file: &str,
+) -> Result<(ContainerAsync<GenericImage>, u16), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
+    // Use fsnotify provider for faster file change detection
+    let sources_config = format!(
+        r#"[{{"uri":"/flags/{}","provider":"fsnotify"}}]"#,
+        flags_file
+    );
+
+    let container = GenericImage::new("ghcr.io/open-feature/flagd", "latest")
+        .with_exposed_port(ContainerPort::Tcp(FLAGD_SYNC_PORT))
+        .with_wait_for(WaitFor::Log(LogWaitStrategy::new(
+            LogSource::StdErr,
+            "Flag IResolver listening at",
+        )))
+        .with_mount(Mount::bind_mount(flags_path.to_string(), "/flags"))
+        .with_cmd(["start", "--sources", &sources_config])
+        .start()
+        .await?;
+
+    let sync_port = container
+        .get_host_port_ipv4(ContainerPort::Tcp(FLAGD_SYNC_PORT))
+        .await?;
+
+    // Give flagd a moment to fully initialize
+    tokio::time::sleep(Duration::from_millis(500)).await;
+
+    Ok((container, sync_port))
+}

crates/flagd/examples/flags/basic-flags.json

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+{
+  "$schema": "https://flagd.dev/schema/v0/flags.json",
+  "flags": {
+    "basic-boolean": {
+      "state": "ENABLED",
+      "defaultVariant": "false",
+      "variants": {
+        "true": true,
+        "false": false
+      },
+      "targeting": {}
+    }
+  }
+}

crates/flagd/examples/in_process.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+//! In-process evaluation example using testcontainers with flagd
+//!
+//! This example demonstrates in-process flag evaluation by periodically
+//! evaluating a boolean flag. Edit `examples/flags/basic-flags.json` while
+//! running to see live flag updates.
+//!
+//! Run with: cargo run --example in_process --all-features
+//!
+//! Then edit basic-flags.json and change "defaultVariant": "false" to "true"
+//! to see the flag value change in real-time.
+
+mod common;
+
+use common::start_flagd_sync;
+use open_feature::EvaluationContext;
+use open_feature::provider::FeatureProvider;
+use open_feature_flagd::{FlagdOptions, FlagdProvider, ResolverType};
+use std::time::Duration;
+
+#[tokio::main]
+async fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
+    let manifest_dir = env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR");
+    let flags_path = format!("{}/examples/flags", manifest_dir);
+
+    println!("Starting flagd container...");
+    let (_container, sync_port) = start_flagd_sync(&flags_path, "basic-flags.json").await?;
+    println!("flagd sync service available on port {}", sync_port);
+
+    // Configure the flagd provider for in-process evaluation
+    let provider = FlagdProvider::new(FlagdOptions {
+        host: "localhost".to_string(),
+        port: sync_port,
+        resolver_type: ResolverType::InProcess,
+        ..Default::default()
+    })
+    .await
+    .expect("Failed to create provider");
+
+    let ctx = EvaluationContext::default();
+
+    println!("\nEvaluating 'basic-boolean' flag every 2 seconds...");
+    println!("Edit examples/flags/basic-flags.json to change the flag value.");
+    println!("Press Ctrl+C to stop.\n");
+
+    loop {
+        let result = provider
+            .resolve_bool_value("basic-boolean", &ctx)
+            .await
+            .expect("Failed to resolve flag");
+
+        println!("basic-boolean = {}", result.value);
+
+        tokio::time::sleep(Duration::from_secs(2)).await;
+    }
+}

crates/flagd/src/error.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 use thiserror::Error;
 
+/// Error type for flagd operations
 #[derive(Error, Debug)]
 pub enum FlagdError {
     #[error("Provider error: {0}")]
@@ -8,9 +9,20 @@ pub enum FlagdError {
     Connection(String),
     #[error("Invalid configuration: {0}")]
     Config(String),
+    #[error("Sync error: {0}")]
+    Sync(String),
+    #[error("Parse error: {0}")]
+    Parse(String),
+    #[error("Timeout: {0}")]
+    Timeout(String),
+    #[error("IO error: {0}")]
+    Io(#[from] std::io::Error),
+    #[error("JSON error: {0}")]
+    Json(#[from] serde_json::Error),
+    #[error("Channel send error: {0}")]
+    Channel(String),
 }
 
-// Add implementations for error conversion
 impl From<Box<dyn std::error::Error>> for FlagdError {
     fn from(error: Box<dyn std::error::Error>) -> Self {
         FlagdError::Provider(error.to_string())
@@ -23,8 +35,14 @@ impl From<Box<dyn std::error::Error + Send + Sync>> for FlagdError {
     }
 }
 
-impl From<anyhow::Error> for FlagdError {
-    fn from(error: anyhow::Error) -> Self {
-        FlagdError::Provider(error.to_string())
+impl<T> From<tokio::sync::mpsc::error::SendError<T>> for FlagdError {
+    fn from(error: tokio::sync::mpsc::error::SendError<T>) -> Self {
+        FlagdError::Channel(error.to_string())
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<tokio::time::error::Elapsed> for FlagdError {
+    fn from(error: tokio::time::error::Elapsed) -> Self {
+        FlagdError::Timeout(error.to_string())
     }
 }

crates/flagd/src/lib.rs

@@ -199,7 +199,7 @@
 //! | TLS                                     | FLAGD_TLS                               | boolean                           | false                               | RPC, In-Process                |
 //! | Socket Path                             | FLAGD_SOCKET_PATH                       | string                            | ""                                  | RPC                            |
 //! | Certificate Path                        | FLAGD_SERVER_CERT_PATH                  | string                            | ""                                  | RPC, In-Process                |
-//! | Cache Type (LRU / In-Memory / Disabled) | FLAGD_CACHE                             | string ("lru", "mem", "disabled") | lru                                 | RPC, In-Process, File          |
+//! | Cache Type (LRU / In-Memory / Disabled) | FLAGD_CACHE                             | string ("lru", "mem", "disabled") | In-Process: disabled, others: lru   | RPC, In-Process, File          |
 //! | Cache TTL (Seconds)                     | FLAGD_CACHE_TTL                         | number                            | 60                                  | RPC, In-Process, File          |
 //! | Max Cache Size                          | FLAGD_MAX_CACHE_SIZE                    | number                            | 1000                                | RPC, In-Process, File          |
 //! | Offline File Path                       | FLAGD_OFFLINE_FLAG_SOURCE_PATH          | string                            | ""                                  | File                           |
@@ -297,6 +297,9 @@ pub struct FlagdOptions {
     /// The deadline in milliseconds for event streaming operations. Set to 0 to disable.
     /// Recommended to prevent infrastructure from killing idle connections.
     pub stream_deadline_ms: u32,
+    /// HTTP/2 keepalive time in milliseconds. Sends pings to keep connections alive during
+    /// idle periods, allowing RPCs to start quickly without delay. Set to 0 to disable.
+    pub keep_alive_time_ms: u64,
     /// Offline polling interval in milliseconds
     pub offline_poll_interval_ms: Option<u32>,
     /// Provider ID for identifying this provider instance to flagd
@@ -358,6 +361,10 @@ impl Default for FlagdOptions {
                 .ok()
                 .and_then(|v| v.parse().ok())
                 .unwrap_or(600000),
+            keep_alive_time_ms: std::env::var("FLAGD_KEEP_ALIVE_TIME_MS")
+                .ok()
+                .and_then(|v| v.parse().ok())
+                .unwrap_or(0), // Disabled by default, per gherkin spec
             socket_path: std::env::var("FLAGD_SOCKET_PATH").ok(),
             selector: std::env::var("FLAGD_SOURCE_SELECTOR").ok(),
             cache_settings: Some(CacheSettings::default()),
@@ -378,6 +385,13 @@ impl Default for FlagdOptions {
                 // Only override to File if FLAGD_RESOLVER wasn't explicitly set
                 options.resolver_type = ResolverType::File;
             }
+            // Disable caching for in-process/file modes per spec (caching is RPC-only)
+            if matches!(
+                options.resolver_type,
+                ResolverType::InProcess | ResolverType::File
+            ) {
+                options.cache_settings = None;
+            }
         }
 
         options

crates/flagd/src/resolver/common/upstream.rs

@@ -1,43 +1,45 @@
-use anyhow::{Context, Result};
+use crate::error::FlagdError;
 use std::str::FromStr;
 use tonic::transport::{Endpoint, Uri};
 use tracing::debug;
 
 pub struct UpstreamConfig {
     endpoint: Endpoint,
-    authority: Uri,
+    authority: Option<String>, // Only set for custom name resolution (envoy://)
 }
 
 impl UpstreamConfig {
-    pub fn new(target: String, is_in_process: bool) -> Result<Self> {
+    pub fn new(target: String, is_in_process: bool) -> Result<Self, FlagdError> {
         debug!("Creating upstream config for target: {}", target);
 
         if target.starts_with("http://") {
             debug!("Target is already an HTTP endpoint");
-            let uri = Uri::from_str(&target)?;
-            let endpoint = Endpoint::from_shared(target)?;
+            let endpoint = Endpoint::from_shared(target)
+                .map_err(|e| FlagdError::Config(format!("Invalid endpoint: {}", e)))?;
             return Ok(Self {
                 endpoint,
-                authority: uri
-                    .authority()
-                    .map(|a| a.as_str())
-                    .unwrap_or_default()
-                    .parse()?,
+                authority: None, // Standard HTTP doesn't need custom authority
             });
         }
 
         let (endpoint_str, authority) = if target.starts_with("envoy://") {
-            let uri = Uri::from_str(&target).context("Failed to parse target URI")?;
+            let uri = Uri::from_str(&target)
+                .map_err(|e| FlagdError::Config(format!("Failed to parse target URI: {}", e)))?;
             let authority = uri.path().trim_start_matches('/');
 
             if authority.is_empty() {
-                return Err(anyhow::anyhow!("Service name (authority) cannot be empty"));
+                return Err(FlagdError::Config(
+                    "Service name (authority) cannot be empty".to_string(),
+                ));
             }
 
             let host = uri.host().unwrap_or("localhost");
             let port = uri.port_u16().unwrap_or(9211); // Use Envoy port directly
 
-            (format!("http://{}:{}", host, port), authority.to_string())
+            (
+                format!("http://{}:{}", host, port),
+                Some(authority.to_string()),
+            )
         } else {
             let parts: Vec<&str> = target.split(':').collect();
             let host = parts.first().unwrap_or(&"localhost").to_string();
@@ -47,24 +49,23 @@ impl UpstreamConfig {
                 .unwrap_or(if is_in_process { 8015 } else { 8013 });
 
             debug!("Using standard resolution with {}:{}", host, port);
-            (format!("http://{}:{}", host, port), host)
+            (format!("http://{}:{}", host, port), None) // Standard resolution doesn't need custom authority
         };
 
-        let endpoint = Endpoint::from_shared(endpoint_str)?;
-        let authority_uri =
-            Uri::from_str(authority.as_str()).context("Failed to parse authority")?;
+        let endpoint = Endpoint::from_shared(endpoint_str)
+            .map_err(|e| FlagdError::Config(format!("Invalid endpoint: {}", e)))?;
 
         Ok(Self {
             endpoint,
-            authority: authority_uri,
+            authority,
         })
     }
 
     pub fn endpoint(&self) -> &Endpoint {
         &self.endpoint
     }
 
-    pub fn authority(&self) -> &Uri {
-        &self.authority
+    pub fn authority(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        self.authority.clone()
     }
 }

crates/flagd/src/resolver/in_process/model/flag_parser.rs

@@ -1,22 +1,24 @@
 use super::feature_flag::FeatureFlag;
 use super::feature_flag::ParsingResult;
-use anyhow::Result;
+use crate::error::FlagdError;
 use serde_json::{Map, Value};
 use std::collections::HashMap;
 
 pub struct FlagParser;
 
 impl FlagParser {
-    pub fn parse_string(configuration: &str) -> Result<ParsingResult> {
+    pub fn parse_string(configuration: &str) -> Result<ParsingResult, FlagdError> {
         let value: Value = serde_json::from_str(configuration)?;
         let obj = value
             .as_object()
-            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow::anyhow!("Invalid JSON structure"))?;
+            .ok_or_else(|| FlagdError::Parse("Invalid JSON structure".to_string()))?;
 
         let flags = obj
             .get("flags")
             .and_then(|v| v.as_object())
-            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow::anyhow!("No flag configurations found in the payload"))?;
+            .ok_or_else(|| {
+                FlagdError::Parse("No flag configurations found in the payload".to_string())
+            })?;
 
         let flag_set_metadata = obj
             .get("metadata")