feat: Restrict types for Spring and Tween

Closes Improve Spring data typing, or improving it so it doesn't bother about unsupported data types sveltejs#14851

packages/svelte/src/motion/public.d.ts

@@ -20,6 +20,18 @@ export interface Spring<T> extends Readable<T> {
 	stiffness: number;
 }
 
+/**
+ * Defines the primitive data types that Spring and Tween objects can calculate on.
+ */
+export type MotionPrimitive = number | Date;
+
+/**
+ * Defines the type of objects Spring and Tween objects can work on.
+ */
+export interface MotionRecord {
+	[x: string]: MotionPrimitive | MotionRecord | (MotionPrimitive | MotionRecord)[];
+}
+
 /**
  * A wrapper for a value that behaves in a spring-like fashion. Changes to `spring.target` will cause `spring.current` to
  * move towards it over time, taking account of the `spring.stiffness` and `spring.damping` parameters.
@@ -36,7 +48,7 @@ export interface Spring<T> extends Readable<T> {
  * ```
  * @since 5.8.0
  */
-export class Spring<T> {
+export class Spring<T extends MotionRecord[string]> {
 	constructor(value: T, options?: SpringOpts);
 
 	/**
@@ -53,7 +65,7 @@ export class Spring<T> {
 	 * </script>
 	 * ```
 	 */
-	static of<U>(fn: () => U, options?: SpringOpts): Spring<U>;
+	static of<U extends MotionRecord[string]>(fn: () => U, options?: SpringOpts): Spring<U>;
 
 	/**
 	 * Sets `spring.target` to `value` and returns a `Promise` that resolves if and when `spring.current` catches up to it.

packages/svelte/src/motion/spring.js

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /** @import { Task } from '#client' */
 /** @import { SpringOpts, SpringUpdateOpts, TickContext } from './private.js' */
-/** @import { Spring as SpringStore } from './public.js' */
+/** @import { MotionRecord, Spring as SpringStore } from './public.js' */
 import { writable } from '../store/shared/index.js';
 import { loop } from '../internal/client/loop.js';
 import { raf } from '../internal/client/timing.js';
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ function tick_spring(ctx, last_value, current_value, target_value) {
  * The spring function in Svelte creates a store whose value is animated, with a motion that simulates the behavior of a spring. This means when the value changes, instead of transitioning at a steady rate, it "bounces" like a spring would, depending on the physics parameters provided. This adds a level of realism to the transitions and can enhance the user experience.
  *
  * @deprecated Use [`Spring`](https://svelte.dev/docs/svelte/svelte-motion#Spring) instead
- * @template [T=any]
+ * @template {MotionRecord[string]} [T=any]
  * @param {T} [value]
  * @param {SpringOpts} [opts]
  * @returns {SpringStore<T>}
@@ -159,17 +159,18 @@ export function spring(value, opts = {}) {
  * <input type="range" bind:value={spring.target} />
  * <input type="range" bind:value={spring.current} disabled />
  * ```
- * @template T
+ * @template {MotionRecord[string]} T
  * @since 5.8.0
  */
 export class Spring {
 	#stiffness = source(0.15);
 	#damping = source(0.8);
 	#precision = source(0.01);
 
-	#current = source(/** @type {T} */ (undefined));
-	#target = source(/** @type {T} */ (undefined));
-
+	#current;
+	#target;
+
+	// @ts-expect-error Undefined doesn't satisfy the constraint of T.
 	#last_value = /** @type {T} */ (undefined);
 	#last_time = 0;
 
@@ -187,7 +188,8 @@ export class Spring {
 	 * @param {SpringOpts} [options]
 	 */
 	constructor(value, options = {}) {
-		this.#current.v = this.#target.v = value;
+		this.#current = source(value);
+		this.#target = source(value);
 
 		if (typeof options.stiffness === 'number') this.#stiffness.v = clamp(options.stiffness, 0, 1);
 		if (typeof options.damping === 'number') this.#damping.v = clamp(options.damping, 0, 1);
@@ -207,7 +209,7 @@ export class Spring {
 	 * 	const spring = Spring.of(() => number);
 	 * </script>
 	 * ```
-	 * @template U
+	 * @template {MotionRecord[string]} U
 	 * @param {() => U} fn
 	 * @param {SpringOpts} [options]
 	 */

packages/svelte/src/motion/tweened.js

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /** @import { Task } from '../internal/client/types' */
-/** @import { Tweened } from './public' */
+/** @import { MotionRecord, Tweened } from './public' */
 /** @import { TweenedOptions } from './private' */
 import { writable } from '../store/shared/index.js';
 import { raf } from '../internal/client/timing.js';
@@ -170,11 +170,15 @@ export function tweened(value, defaults = {}) {
  * <input type="range" bind:value={tween.target} />
  * <input type="range" bind:value={tween.current} disabled />
  * ```
- * @template T
+ * 
+ * Refer to the `MotionRecord` type to understand all possible value types that Tween can handle.
+ * @template {MotionRecord[string]} T
  * @since 5.8.0
  */
 export class Tween {
+	// @ts-expect-error Undefined doesn't satisfy the constraint of T.
 	#current = source(/** @type {T} */ (undefined));
+	// @ts-expect-error Undefined doesn't satisfy the constraint of T.
 	#target = source(/** @type {T} */ (undefined));
 
 	/** @type {TweenedOptions<T>} */
@@ -205,7 +209,9 @@ export class Tween {
 	 * 	const tween = Tween.of(() => number);
 	 * </script>
 	 * ```
-	 * @template U
+	 * 
+	 * Refer to the `MotionRecord` type to understand all possible value types that Tween can handle.
+	 * @template {MotionRecord[string]} U
 	 * @param {() => U} fn
 	 * @param {TweenedOptions<U>} [options]
 	 */