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Building on Windows
Below are some notes on how to build Verge Core for Windows.
The options known to work for building Verge Core on Windows are:
- On Linux using the Mingw-w64 cross compiler tool chain. Ubuntu Bionic 18.04 is required and is the platform used to build the Verge Core Windows release binaries.
- On Windows using Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL) and the Mingw-w64 cross compiler tool chain.
Other options which may work but which have not been extensively tested are (please contribute instructions):
- On Windows using a POSIX compatibility layer application such as cygwin or msys2.
- On Windows using a native compiler tool chain such as Visual Studio.
With Windows 10, Microsoft has released a new feature named the Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL). This feature allows you to run a bash shell directly on Windows in an Ubuntu-based environment. Within this environment you can cross compile for Windows without the need for a separate Linux VM or server. Note that while WSL can be installed with other Linux variants, such as OpenSUSE, the following instructions have only been tested with Ubuntu.
This feature is not supported in versions of Windows prior to Windows 10 or on Windows Server SKUs. In addition, it is available only for 64-bit versions of Windows.
Full instructions to install WSL are available on the above link. To install WSL on Windows 10 with Fall Creators Update installed (version >= 16215.0) do the following:
- Enable the Windows Subsystem for Linux feature
- Open the Windows Features dialog (
OptionalFeatures.exe) - Enable 'Windows Subsystem for Linux'
- Click 'OK' and restart if necessary
- Install Ubuntu
- Open Microsoft Store and search for "Ubuntu 18.04" or use this link
- Click Install
- Complete Installation
- Open a cmd prompt and type "Ubuntu1804"
- Create a new UNIX user account (this is a separate account from your Windows account)
After the bash shell is active, you can follow the instructions below, starting with the "Cross-compilation" section. Compiling the 64-bit version is recommended but it is possible to compile the 32-bit version.
The steps below can be performed on Ubuntu (including in a VM) or WSL. The depends system will also work on other Linux distributions, however the commands for installing the toolchain will be different.
First, install the general dependencies:
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade
sudo apt install build-essential libtool autotools-dev automake pkg-config bsdmainutils curl git
A host toolchain (build-essential) is necessary because some dependency
packages (such as protobuf) need to build host utilities that are used in the
build process.
See dependencies.md for a complete overview.
If you want to build the windows installer with make deploy you need NSIS:
sudo apt install nsis
The first step is to install the mingw-w64 cross-compilation tool chain:
sudo apt install g++-mingw-w64-x86-64
Ubuntu Bionic 18.04 1:
sudo update-alternatives --config x86_64-w64-mingw32-g++ # Set the default mingw32 g++ compiler option to posix.
Once the toolchain is installed the build steps are common:
Note that for WSL the Verge Core source path MUST be somewhere in the default mount file system, for example /usr/src/verge, AND not under /mnt/d/. If this is not the case the dependency autoconf scripts will fail. This means you cannot use a directory that located directly on the host Windows file system to perform the build.
Acquire the source in the usual way:
git clone https://github.com/vergecurrency/VERGE
Once the source code is ready the build steps are below.
PATH=$(echo "$PATH" | sed -e 's/:\/mnt.*//g') # strip out problematic Windows %PATH% imported var
cd depends
chmod 764 ./config.guess
chmod 764 ./config.sub
make HOST=x86_64-w64-mingw32
cd ..
./autogen.sh # not required when building from tarball
CONFIG_SITE=$PWD/depends/x86_64-w64-mingw32/share/config.site ./configure --prefix=/
make
To build executables for Windows 32-bit, install the following dependencies:
sudo apt install g++-mingw-w64-i686 mingw-w64-i686-dev
For Ubuntu Bionic 18.04 and Windows Subsystem for Linux 1:
sudo update-alternatives --config i686-w64-mingw32-g++ # Set the default mingw32 g++ compiler option to posix.
Note that for WSL the Verge Core source path MUST be somewhere in the default mount file system, for example /usr/src/verge, AND not under /mnt/d/. If this is not the case the dependency autoconf scripts will fail. This means you cannot use a directory that located directly on the host Windows file system to perform the build.
Acquire the source in the usual way:
git clone https://github.com/vergecurrency/VERGE
Then build using:
PATH=$(echo "$PATH" | sed -e 's/:\/mnt.*//g') # strip out problematic Windows %PATH% imported var
cd depends
chmod 764 ./config.guess
chmod 764 ./config.sub
make HOST=i686-w64-mingw32
cd ..
./autogen.sh # not required when building from tarball
CONFIG_SITE=$PWD/depends/i686-w64-mingw32/share/config.site ./configure --prefix=/
make
For further documentation on the depends system see README.md in the depends directory.
After building using the Windows subsystem it can be useful to copy the compiled
executables to a directory on the windows drive in the same directory structure
as they appear in the release .zip archive. This can be done in the following
way. This will install to c:\workspace\verge, for example:
make install DESTDIR=/mnt/c/workspace/verge
1: Starting from Ubuntu Xenial 16.04 both the 32 and 64 bit Mingw-w64 packages install two different compiler options to allow a choice between either posix or win32 threads. The default option is win32 threads which is the more efficient since it will result in binary code that links directly with the Windows kernel32.lib. Unfortunately, the headers required to support win32 threads conflict with some of the classes in the C++11 standard library in particular std::mutex. It's not possible to build the verge code using the win32 version of the Mingw-w64 cross compilers (at least not without modifying headers in the verge source code).