Rewrite Storage Component in C++ #1504

Job	Run time
flake8	53s
black	1m 8s
Build + Test (C++) (Release, gcc, g++, 11)	22m 23s
C++ Test Coverage (gets coverage of main branch, currently not main branch because no C++ on main)	21m 26s
Build + Test (C++) (Release, clang, clang++, 14)	27m 25s
format	15s
Build + Test (C++) (Release, clang, clang++, 16, true)	27m 29s
isort	52s
mypy-typechecking	1m 13s
Build + Test (C++) (Debug, gcc, g++, 11)	27m 29s
Build + Test (C++) (Debug, gcc, g++, 12)	25m 47s
pylint	1m 34s
tidy	22m 3s
Build + Test (C++) (Debug, clang, clang++, 14)	26m 56s
unittests	10m 31s
Build + Test (C++) (Debug, clang, clang++, 16, true)	27m 26s
Build + Test (C++) (clang, clang++, 14, Tsan)	27m 28s
Build + Test (C++) (clang, clang++, 14, Asan)	27m 29s
integrationtests	16m 45s
Comment Coverage Results	1s
dockerized-unittests	1s
	5h 16m 34s

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