Switch from `ubuntu-latest` to `ubuntu-22.04` in CI, update some dependencies #3770

Job	Run time
format	7s
Mypy Type Checks	1m 1s
Build + Test (C++) (Release, gcc, g++, 12)	3m 27s
Build + Test (C++) (Release, gcc, g++, 14)	3m 29s
C++ Test Coverage (gets coverage of main branch, currently not main branch because no C++ on main)	8m 22s
Build + Test (C++) (Release, clang, clang++, 14)	4m 5s
Pre-commit Checks	35s
Build + Test (C++) (Release, clang, clang++, 17, true)	4m 47s
pylint	1m 36s
Build + Test (C++) (Debug, gcc, g++, 12)	3m 22s
tidy	8m 22s
Build + Test (C++) (Debug, gcc, g++, 14)	3m 25s
unittests	8m 21s
Build + Test (C++) (Debug, clang, clang++, 14)	4m 19s
Build + Test (C++) (Debug, clang, clang++, 17, true)	4m 19s
Build + Test (C++) (clang, clang++, 14, Tsan)	4m 3s
Build + Test (C++) (clang, clang++, 14, Asan)	4m 35s
integrationtests-release	1s
integrationtests-asan	1s
integrationtests-debug	1s
integrationtests-tsan	1s
Comment Coverage Results	1s
dockerized-unittests	1s
	1h 8m 21s

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