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Add support for async ABI, futures, streams, and errors #1895

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@dicej dicej commented Nov 5, 2024

This adds support for encoding and parsing components which use the Async ABI and associated canonical options and functions, along with the stream, future, and error types.

Note that the error type was recently (about 30 minutes ago) renamed to error-context in Luke's spec PR. I haven't updated this implementation to reflect that yet, but will do so in a follow-up commit. That should allow us to avoid conflicts with existing WIT files that use error as a type and/or interface name. EDIT: done

This does not yet include any new tests; I'll also add those in a follow-up commit.

See bytecodealliance/rfcs#38 for more context.

This is ready for review, but I'll leave it in draft mode until the following are complete:

  • Rename error to error-context
  • Add tests to tests/local/component-model and tests/local/missing-features to exercise new wasm-encoder, wasmparser, and wasmprinter features
  • Add tests to crates/wit-component/tests to exercise its new features
  • Add tests to crates/wit-parser/tests to exercise its new features

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dicej commented Nov 5, 2024

Sorry about all the churn in wasm-compose; I'm currently using it for end-to-end testing, but I could switch to WAC for that and revert most of the wasm-compose changes in this PR if desired.

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Thanks again for this! My current plan is to start tackling this the week-after-next (after WasmCon) but if you've got any high-level points you want me to confirm ahead of time feel free to let me know

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dicej commented Nov 6, 2024

Thanks again for this! My current plan is to start tackling this the week-after-next (after WasmCon) but if you've got any high-level points you want me to confirm ahead of time feel free to let me know

No hurry at all; I'm mainly opening this (and soon-to-follow PRs to wit-bindgen and wasmtime) for visibility, i.e. to allow people to track progress if they're interested. The code is still in a pretty raw state (especially the wasmtime parts 😅 ), so it's probably better if you wait a couple of weeks before looking at it, anyway.

dicej added a commit to dicej/wasmtime that referenced this pull request Nov 7, 2024
This adds support for loading, compiling, linking, and running components which
use the [Async
ABI](https://github.com/WebAssembly/component-model/blob/main/design/mvp/Async.md)
along with the [`stream`, `future`, and
`error-context`](WebAssembly/component-model#405) types.
It also adds support for generating host bindings such that multiple host
functions can be run concurrently with guest tasks -- without monopolizing the
`Store`.

See the [implementation RFC](bytecodealliance/rfcs#38)
for details, as well as [this
repo](https://github.com/dicej/component-async-demo) containing end-to-end smoke
tests.

This is very much a work-in progress, with a number of tasks remaining:

- [ ] Avoid exposing global task IDs to guests and use per-instance IDs instead
- [ ] Track `task.return` type during compilation and assert the actual and expected types match at runtime
- [ ] Ensure all guest pointers are bounds-checked when lifting, lowering, or copying values
- [ ] Reduce code duplication in `wasmtime_cranelift::compiler::component`
- [ ] Add support for `(Typed)Func::call_concurrent` per the RFC
- [ ] Add support for multiplexing stream/future reads/writes and concurrent calls to guest exports per the RFC
- [ ] Refactor, clean up, and unify handling of backpressure, yields, and even polling
- [ ] Guard against reentrance where required (e.g. in certain fused adapter calls)
- [ ] Add integration test cases covering new functionality to tests/all/component_model (starting by porting over the tests in https://github.com/dicej/component-async-demo)
- [ ] Add binding generation test cases to crates/component-macro/tests
- [ ] Add WAST tests to tests/misc_testsuite/component-model
- [ ] Add support and test coverage for callback-less async functions (e.g. goroutines)
- [ ] Switch to back to upstream `wasm-tools` once bytecodealliance/wasm-tools#1895 has been merged and released

Signed-off-by: Joel Dice <[email protected]>
dicej added a commit to dicej/wasmtime that referenced this pull request Nov 7, 2024
This adds support for loading, compiling, linking, and running components which
use the [Async
ABI](https://github.com/WebAssembly/component-model/blob/main/design/mvp/Async.md)
along with the [`stream`, `future`, and
`error-context`](WebAssembly/component-model#405) types.
It also adds support for generating host bindings such that multiple host
functions can be run concurrently with guest tasks -- without monopolizing the
`Store`.

See the [implementation RFC](bytecodealliance/rfcs#38)
for details, as well as [this
repo](https://github.com/dicej/component-async-demo) containing end-to-end smoke
tests.

This is very much a work-in progress, with a number of tasks remaining:

- [ ] Avoid exposing global task IDs to guests and use per-instance IDs instead
- [ ] Track `task.return` type during compilation and assert the actual and expected types match at runtime
- [ ] Ensure all guest pointers are bounds-checked when lifting, lowering, or copying values
- [ ] Reduce code duplication in `wasmtime_cranelift::compiler::component`
- [ ] Reduce code duplication between `StoreContextMut::on_fiber` and `concurrent::on_fiber`
- [ ] Minimize and/or document the use of unsafe code
- [ ] Add support for `(Typed)Func::call_concurrent` per the RFC
- [ ] Add support for multiplexing stream/future reads/writes and concurrent calls to guest exports per the RFC
- [ ] Refactor, clean up, and unify handling of backpressure, yields, and even polling
- [ ] Guard against reentrance where required (e.g. in certain fused adapter calls)
- [ ] Add integration test cases covering new functionality to tests/all/component_model (starting by porting over the tests in https://github.com/dicej/component-async-demo)
- [ ] Add binding generation test cases to crates/component-macro/tests
- [ ] Add WAST tests to tests/misc_testsuite/component-model
- [ ] Add support and test coverage for callback-less async functions (e.g. goroutines)
- [ ] Switch to back to upstream `wasm-tools` once bytecodealliance/wasm-tools#1895 has been merged and released

Signed-off-by: Joel Dice <[email protected]>
@dicej dicej marked this pull request as ready for review November 18, 2024 21:49
This adds support for encoding and parsing components which use the [Async
ABI](https://github.com/WebAssembly/component-model/blob/main/design/mvp/Async.md)
and associated canonical options and functions, along with the [`stream`,
`future`, and `error`](WebAssembly/component-model#405)
types.

Note that the `error` type was recently (about 30 minutes ago) renamed to
`error-context` in Luke's spec PR.  I haven't updated this implementation to
reflect that yet, but will do so in a follow-up commit.  That should allow us to
avoid conflicts with existing WIT files that use `error` as a type and/or
interface name.

This does not include any new tests; I'll also add those in a follow-up commit.

See bytecodealliance/rfcs#38 for more context.

Signed-off-by: Joel Dice <[email protected]>

add wasmparser::WasmFeatures support to wasm-compose

Signed-off-by: Joel Dice <[email protected]>

fix no-std build in readers.rs

Signed-off-by: Joel Dice <[email protected]>

rename `error` to `error-context` per latest spec

Signed-off-by: Joel Dice <[email protected]>

rename `error` to `error-context` per latest spec (part 2)

Also, parse string encoding and realloc from encoded `error-context.new` and
`error-context.debug-string` names.

Signed-off-by: Joel Dice <[email protected]>

add `wast` support for parsing async canon opts

And add tests/local/component-model-async/lift-async.wast for round-trip testing
of async lifts (more to come).

Signed-off-by: Joel Dice <[email protected]>

more wast async support and more tests

This also fixes a bug in `wasmprinter` keeping track of core functions.

Signed-off-by: Joel Dice <[email protected]>

more wast async support; add async tests; fix bugs

Signed-off-by: Joel Dice <[email protected]>

more component-model-async tests and fixes

Signed-off-by: Joel Dice <[email protected]>

add `wit-parser` tests for streams, futures, and error-contexts

Signed-off-by: Joel Dice <[email protected]>

add first `wit-component` async test

This required adding a new `wit_parser::decoding::decode_reader_with_features`
function for passing `WasmFeatures` to
`wasmparser::Validator::new_with_features`.

Signed-off-by: Joel Dice <[email protected]>

add more async tests

Signed-off-by: Joel Dice <[email protected]>

add `async-builtins` test for `wit-component`

Signed-off-by: Joel Dice <[email protected]>

add `async-streams-and-futures` test to `wit-component`

Signed-off-by: Joel Dice <[email protected]>
dicej added a commit to dicej/wasmtime that referenced this pull request Nov 21, 2024
This adds support for loading, compiling, linking, and running components which
use the [Async
ABI](https://github.com/WebAssembly/component-model/blob/main/design/mvp/Async.md)
along with the [`stream`, `future`, and
`error-context`](WebAssembly/component-model#405) types.
It also adds support for generating host bindings such that multiple host
functions can be run concurrently with guest tasks -- without monopolizing the
`Store`.

See the [implementation RFC](bytecodealliance/rfcs#38)
for details, as well as [this
repo](https://github.com/dicej/component-async-demo) containing end-to-end smoke
tests.

This is very much a work-in progress, with a number of tasks remaining:

- [ ] Avoid exposing global task IDs to guests and use per-instance IDs instead
- [ ] Track `task.return` type during compilation and assert the actual and expected types match at runtime
- [ ] Ensure all guest pointers are bounds-checked when lifting, lowering, or copying values
- [ ] Reduce code duplication in `wasmtime_cranelift::compiler::component`
- [ ] Reduce code duplication between `StoreContextMut::on_fiber` and `concurrent::on_fiber`
- [ ] Minimize and/or document the use of unsafe code
- [ ] Add support for `(Typed)Func::call_concurrent` per the RFC
- [ ] Add support for multiplexing stream/future reads/writes and concurrent calls to guest exports per the RFC
- [ ] Refactor, clean up, and unify handling of backpressure, yields, and even polling
- [ ] Guard against reentrance where required (e.g. in certain fused adapter calls)
- [ ] Add integration test cases covering new functionality to tests/all/component_model (starting by porting over the tests in https://github.com/dicej/component-async-demo)
- [ ] Add binding generation test cases to crates/component-macro/tests
- [ ] Add WAST tests to tests/misc_testsuite/component-model
- [ ] Add support and test coverage for callback-less async functions (e.g. goroutines)
- [ ] Switch to back to upstream `wasm-tools` once bytecodealliance/wasm-tools#1895 has been merged and released

Signed-off-by: Joel Dice <[email protected]>

fix clippy warnings and bench/fuzzing errors

Signed-off-by: Joel Dice <[email protected]>

revert atomic.wit whitespace change

Signed-off-by: Joel Dice <[email protected]>

fix build when component-model disabled

Signed-off-by: Joel Dice <[email protected]>

bless component-macro expected output

Signed-off-by: Joel Dice <[email protected]>

fix no-std build error

Signed-off-by: Joel Dice <[email protected]>

fix build with --no-default-features --features runtime,component-model

Signed-off-by: Joel Dice <[email protected]>

partly fix no-std build

It's still broken due to the use of `std::collections::HashMap` in
crates/wasmtime/src/runtime/vm/component.rs.  I'll address that as part of the
work to avoid exposing global task/future/stream/error-context handles to
guests.

Signed-off-by: Joel Dice <[email protected]>

maintain per-instance tables for futures, streams, and error-contexts

Signed-off-by: Joel Dice <[email protected]>
dicej added a commit to dicej/wasmtime that referenced this pull request Nov 21, 2024
This adds support for loading, compiling, linking, and running components which
use the [Async
ABI](https://github.com/WebAssembly/component-model/blob/main/design/mvp/Async.md)
along with the [`stream`, `future`, and
`error-context`](WebAssembly/component-model#405) types.
It also adds support for generating host bindings such that multiple host
functions can be run concurrently with guest tasks -- without monopolizing the
`Store`.

See the [implementation RFC](bytecodealliance/rfcs#38)
for details, as well as [this
repo](https://github.com/dicej/component-async-demo) containing end-to-end smoke
tests.

This is very much a work-in progress, with a number of tasks remaining:

- [ ] Avoid exposing global task IDs to guests and use per-instance IDs instead
- [ ] Track `task.return` type during compilation and assert the actual and expected types match at runtime
- [ ] Ensure all guest pointers are bounds-checked when lifting, lowering, or copying values
- [ ] Reduce code duplication in `wasmtime_cranelift::compiler::component`
- [ ] Reduce code duplication between `StoreContextMut::on_fiber` and `concurrent::on_fiber`
- [ ] Minimize and/or document the use of unsafe code
- [ ] Add support for `(Typed)Func::call_concurrent` per the RFC
- [ ] Add support for multiplexing stream/future reads/writes and concurrent calls to guest exports per the RFC
- [ ] Refactor, clean up, and unify handling of backpressure, yields, and even polling
- [ ] Guard against reentrance where required (e.g. in certain fused adapter calls)
- [ ] Add integration test cases covering new functionality to tests/all/component_model (starting by porting over the tests in https://github.com/dicej/component-async-demo)
- [ ] Add binding generation test cases to crates/component-macro/tests
- [ ] Add WAST tests to tests/misc_testsuite/component-model
- [ ] Add support and test coverage for callback-less async functions (e.g. goroutines)
- [ ] Switch to back to upstream `wasm-tools` once bytecodealliance/wasm-tools#1895 has been merged and released

Signed-off-by: Joel Dice <[email protected]>

fix clippy warnings and bench/fuzzing errors

Signed-off-by: Joel Dice <[email protected]>

revert atomic.wit whitespace change

Signed-off-by: Joel Dice <[email protected]>

fix build when component-model disabled

Signed-off-by: Joel Dice <[email protected]>

bless component-macro expected output

Signed-off-by: Joel Dice <[email protected]>

fix no-std build error

Signed-off-by: Joel Dice <[email protected]>

fix build with --no-default-features --features runtime,component-model

Signed-off-by: Joel Dice <[email protected]>

partly fix no-std build

It's still broken due to the use of `std::collections::HashMap` in
crates/wasmtime/src/runtime/vm/component.rs.  I'll address that as part of the
work to avoid exposing global task/future/stream/error-context handles to
guests.

Signed-off-by: Joel Dice <[email protected]>

maintain per-instance tables for futures, streams, and error-contexts

Signed-off-by: Joel Dice <[email protected]>

refactor task/stream/future handle lifting/lowering

This addresses a couple of issues:

- Previously, we were passing task/stream/future/error-context reps directly to
  instances while keeping track of which instance had access to which rep.  That
  worked fine in that there was no way to forge access to inaccessible reps, but
  it leaked information about what other instances were doing.  Now we maintain
  per-instance waitable and error-context tables which map the reps to and from
  the handles which the instance sees.

- The `no_std` build was broken due to use of `HashMap` in
  `runtime::vm::component`, which is now fixed.

Note that we use one single table per instance for all tasks, streams, and
futures.  This is partly necessary because, when async events are delivered to
the guest, it wouldn't have enough context to know which stream or future we're
talking about if each unique stream and future type had its own table.  So at
minimum, we need to use the same table for all streams (regardless of payload
type), and likewise for futures.  Also, per
WebAssembly/component-model#395 (comment),
the plan is to move towards a shared table for all resource types as well, so
this moves us in that direction.

Signed-off-by: Joel Dice <[email protected]>

fix wave breakage due to new stream/future/error-context types

Signed-off-by: Joel Dice <[email protected]>
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