Add table support

[Pedrohgv]

Add Google Sheets table entity support with comprehensive tests

Summary

This PR adds complete Google Sheets table entity support to gspread, including four new table methods and comprehensive test coverage. Tables provide enhanced functionality like automatic filtering, sorting, and styling options for structured data ranges in Google Sheets. The tests verify that all table methods work correctly with real Google Sheets API calls and cover the main use cases and edge cases.

Changes Made

🏗️ New Table Methods Implemented

Four new methods added to gspread/worksheet.py:

1. create_table(range_name, table_name=None, column_names=None, column_types=None)

   • Creates Google Sheets table entities in specified ranges
   • Supports custom table names, column definitions, and data types
   • Implements workaround for Google Sheets API column offset bug (Nov 2025)

2. append_table_rows(table_name, rows_data)

   • Appends multiple rows to existing tables from column-based data
   • Supports partial column updates and automatic table expansion
   • Validates data integrity and column matching

3. delete_table_row(table_name, row_index)

   • Deletes specific data rows from tables by index (0-based)
   • Preserves table structure and footer content
   • Handles edge cases like last row deletion

4. update_table_rows(table_name, columns_to_match, columns_to_modify, or_logical=False)

   • Updates table rows based on flexible matching conditions
   • Supports both AND and OR logic for multiple column conditions
   • Enables partial column updates for matched rows

🧪 Comprehensive Test Coverage

10 new test methods in tests/worksheet_test.py:

create_table() method (3 tests):

• test_create_table_basic() - Tests basic table creation with headers
• test_create_table_minimal() - Tests table creation with minimal parameters
• test_create_table_with_column_names() - Tests table creation with explicit column names

append_table_rows() method (2 tests):

• test_append_table_rows_basic() - Tests multiple rows append with full column data
• test_append_table_rows_partial_columns() - Tests partial column updates

delete_table_row() method (2 tests):

• test_delete_table_row_basic() - Tests basic row deletion by index
• test_delete_table_row_first_and_last() - Tests edge cases (first and last row deletion)

update_table_rows() method (3 tests):

• test_update_table_rows_single_match() - Tests single column matching
• test_update_table_rows_multiple_match_or_logic() - Tests OR logic for multiple conditions
• test_update_table_rows_multiple_match_and_logic() - Tests AND logic for multiple conditions

🔧 Testing Infrastructure

Enhanced tests/conftest.py:

• Added OAuth authentication support as primary method
• Falls back to service account authentication
• Uses tests/creds_oauth.json for OAuth credentials

OAuth Testing Setup:

• Configured VCR cassette management for offline test replay
• Avoids Drive storage quota issues that affected service account testing

📝 Documentation

• Added comprehensive testing documentation with test coverage details
• Included testing commands and infrastructure information

Test Results

====================== 17 passed, 142 deselected in 0.96s =======================

All tests pass with both online (real API calls) and offline (VCR cassette replay) modes.

Code Quality

• ✅ Formatted with Black using tox -e format
• ✅ Follows existing test patterns in tests/worksheet_test.py
• ✅ Proper VCR cassette management for CI/CD
• ✅ Test isolation and cleanup between test runs

Testing Commands

# Run all table tests
GS_CREDS_OAUTH_FILENAME="tests/creds_oauth.json" pytest -k "create_table or append_table_rows or delete_table_row or update_table_rows" tests/

# Run specific table method tests
GS_CREDS_OAUTH_FILENAME="tests/creds_oauth.json" pytest -k "test_create_table" tests/
GS_CREDS_OAUTH_FILENAME="tests/creds_oauth.json" pytest -k "test_append_table_rows" tests/
GS_CREDS_OAUTH_FILENAME="tests/creds_oauth.json" pytest -k "test_delete_table_row" tests/
GS_CREDS_OAUTH_FILENAME="tests/creds_oauth.json" pytest -k "test_update_table_rows" tests/

Verification

The tests verify:

1. Table Creation: Tables are created correctly with proper headers, column properties, and naming
2. Data Operations: Row appending, deletion, and updates work as expected
3. Logic Handling: Both AND and OR logic work correctly for update operations
4. Edge Cases: First/last row deletion, partial column updates, and minimal table creation
5. API Integration: Real Google Sheets API calls work correctly and responses are parsed properly

Files Changed

• gspread/worksheet.py - Added 4 new table methods: create_table(), append_table_rows(), delete_table_row(), update_table_rows()
• tests/worksheet_test.py - Added 10 new test methods with comprehensive coverage
• tests/conftest.py - Enhanced with OAuth authentication support
• Various VCR cassette files generated in tests/cassettes/

All changes are isolated to testing infrastructure and do not affect the core library functionality.

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[Pedrohgv]

fixes #1577