Add YEAR_MONTH_INTERVAL and DURATION types

LogicalTypes.md

@@ -521,7 +521,12 @@ as shown below.
     </tr>
 </table>
 
-### INTERVAL
+### Interval types
+
+#### INTERVAL
+
+`INTERVAL` is *deprecated*. Please use `YEAR_MONTH_INTERVAL` and `DURATION`
+as a more precise representation per [ANSI SQL Standard](https://docs.oracle.com/en/database/oracle/oracle-database/19/sqlrf/Data-Types.html#GUID-7690645A-0EE3-46CA-90DE-C96DF5A01F8F).
 
 `INTERVAL` is used for an interval of time. It must annotate a
 `fixed_len_byte_array` of length 12. This array stores three little-endian
@@ -539,6 +544,31 @@ The sort order used for `INTERVAL` is undefined. When writing data, no min/max
 statistics should be saved for this type and if such non-compliant statistics
 are found during reading, they must be ignored.
 
+#### YEAR_MONTH_INTERVAL
+
+`YEAR_MONTH_INTERVAL` is used to represent a year-month time interval, such as
+`4 years and 6 months`. It must annotate an `int32` that stores the total number
+of months as a signed integer, which represents the interval and can be negative.
+
+While ANSI SQL systems typically restrict supported intervals to a range of 
+±10,000 years and enforce this constraint internally, the Parquet format 
+does not impose any limitations on the interval values that may be stored.
+
+#### DURATION
+
+`DURATION` is used to represent a span of time, such as `5 days`. It must 
+annotate an `int64` value that stores the total number of time units for the 
+duration. The value is a signed integer, where a negative value indicates the
+duration moves backward in time (e.g., -5 days means going backward for 5 days).  
+The duration is purely a measure of time and is independent of any time zone.
+
+The `DURATION` type takes `unit` as a parameter, and the value must be one of
+`MILLIS`, `MICROS` or  `NANOS`.
+
+`Duration` can be used to represent DayTime Intervals as defined by ANSI SQL. In 
+this context, a duration of 1 day is strictly defined as 24 hours, regardless of 
+the actual number of hours in a calendar day. 
+
 ## Embedded Types
 
 Embedded types do not have type-specific orderings.

src/main/thrift/parquet.thrift

@@ -461,6 +461,30 @@ struct GeographyType {
   2: optional EdgeInterpolationAlgorithm algorithm;
 }
 
+/**
+ * Year-Month Interval logical type annotation
+ *
+ * The data is stored as an 4 byte signed integer which represents the number
+ * of months associated with the time interval. The value can be negative to
+ * indicate a backward duration.
+ *
+ * Allowed for physical type: INT32
+ */
+struct YearMonthIntervalType {
+}
+
+/**
+ * Duration logical type annotation
+ *
+ * The data is stored as a 8-byte signed integer which represents the number of
+ * total time units. The value can be negative to indicate a backward duration.
+ *
+ * Allowed for physical type: INT64
+ */
+struct DurationType {
+   1: required TimeUnit unit
+}
+
 /**
  * LogicalType annotations to replace ConvertedType.
  *
@@ -494,6 +518,10 @@ union LogicalType {
   16: VariantType VARIANT     // no compatible ConvertedType
   17: GeometryType GEOMETRY   // no compatible ConvertedType
   18: GeographyType GEOGRAPHY // no compatible ConvertedType
+
+  // INTERVAL types
+  19: YearMonthIntervalType YEAR_MONTH_INTERVAL     // no compatible convertedType
+  20: DurationType DURATION                         // no compatible convertedType
 }
 
 /**
@@ -1071,6 +1099,8 @@ union ColumnOrder {
    *   VARIANT - undefined
    *   GEOMETRY - undefined
    *   GEOGRAPHY - undefined
+   *   YEAR_MONTH_INTERVAL - signed comparison of the represented value
+   *   DURATION - signed comparison of the represented value
    *
    * In the absence of logical types, the sort order is determined by the physical type:
    *   BOOLEAN - false, true