(WIP) chore(ci): Add test jobs and Codecov integration in GitHub Actions

[yihua]

Describe the issue this Pull Request addresses

GitHub Actions (bot.yml) skips several test suites for Spark 3.5 + Scala 2.12, deferring them to Azure CI. Three Azure jobs have no GitHub Actions equivalent:

• UT_FT_1 (hudi-hadoop-common & hudi-spark-client)
• UT_FT_7 (hudi-utilities)
• UT_FT_10 (common & other modules).

This PR aims to ensure GitHub Actions has full test coverage so we can migrate away from Azure CI.

Summary and Changelog

Add 3 missing test jobs to GitHub Actions and integrate Codecov for code coverage reporting.

• Add test-spark-client-and-hadoop-common job (Azure UT_FT_1): hudi-hadoop-common UT, hudi-spark-client UT & FT
• Add test-utilities job (Azure UT_FT_7): hudi-utilities UT (TestHoodie*) & FT
• Add test-common-and-other-modules job (Azure UT_FT_10): remaining modules UT & FT using exclusion lists from Azure config
• All new jobs run on Spark 3.5 / Scala 2.12 / Flink 1.18 / JDK 11 to match Azure CI
• Enable JaCoCo in jobs via -Djacoco.skip=false and upload coverage with codecov/codecov-action@v5

Impact

CI-only change that adds test jobs and enables coverage reporting.

Risk Level

none

Documentation Update

none

Contributor's checklist

• Read through contributor's guide
• Enough context is provided in the sections above
• Adequate tests were added if applicable

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 69.23%. Comparing base (057af9e) to head (02b210b).

Additional details and impacted files

@@              Coverage Diff              @@
##             master   #18225       +/-   ##
=============================================
+ Coverage     57.28%   69.23%   +11.94%     
- Complexity    18532    26832     +8300     
=============================================
  Files          1944     2369      +425     
  Lines        106126   127787    +21661     
  Branches      13118    15135     +2017     
=============================================
+ Hits          60793    88471    +27678     
+ Misses        39610    32569     -7041     
- Partials       5723     6747     +1024     

Flag	Coverage Δ
common-and-other-modules	44.16% <ø> (?)
hadoop-mr-java-client	45.42% <ø> (+<0.01%)	⬆️
spark-client-hadoop-common	48.37% <ø> (?)
spark-java-tests	47.42% <ø> (-0.01%)	⬇️
spark-scala-tests	45.50% <ø> (-0.01%)	⬇️
utilities	38.83% <ø> (?)

Flags with carried forward coverage won't be shown. Click here to find out more.
see 1200 files with indirect coverage changes

🚀 New features to boost your workflow:

• ❄️ Test Analytics: Detect flaky tests, report on failures, and find test suite problems.

[hudi-bot]

CI report:

• 27c0fcb UNKNOWN
• e965fa2 UNKNOWN
• 596796b UNKNOWN
• b47e09e UNKNOWN
• db51fbe UNKNOWN
• 02b210b Azure: SUCCESS

Bot commands

@hudi-bot supports the following commands:

• @hudi-bot run azure re-run the last Azure build