This Switch Bot is designed for efficiently mirroring or leeching files from the Internet to various destinations, including Google Drive, Telegram, Switch or any rclone-supported cloud. It is built using asynchronous programming in Python.
- External access to webui, so you can remove files or edit settings. Then you can sync settings in database with sync button in bsetting
- Select files from a Torrent before and during download using mltb file selector (Requires Base URL) (task option)
- Seed torrents to a specific ratio and time (task option)
- Edit Global Options while the bot is running from bot settings (global option)
- Select files from a Torrent before and during downloading (Requires Base URL) (task option)
- Seed torrents to a specific ratio and time (task option)
- Netrc support (global option)
- Direct link authentication for a specific link while using the bot (it will work even if only the username or password is provided) (task option)
- Edit Global Options while the bot is running from bot settings (global option)
- Split size (global, user, and task option)
- Thumbnail (user option)
- Leech filename prefix (user option)
- Set upload as a document or as media (global and user option)
- Upload all files to a specific group or user (global, user, and task option)
- Equal split size settings (global and user option)
- Download/Upload/Clone/Delete/Count from/to Google Drive
- Count Google Drive files/folders
- Search in multiple Drive folder/TeamDrive
- Use Token.pickle if the file is not found with a Service Account, for all Gdrive functions
- Random Service Account for each task
- Recursive Search (only with
root
or TeamDrive ID, folder ids will be listed with a non-recursive method). Based on Sreeraj searchX-bot. (task option) - Stop Duplicates (global and user option)
- Custom upload destination (global, user, and task option)
- Index link support only for Bhadoo
- Download/Upload/Extract/Archive/Seed/Clone Status
- Status Pages for an unlimited number of tasks, view a specific number of tasks in a message (global option)
- Interval message update (global option)
- Next/Previous buttons to get different pages (global and user option)
- Status buttons to get specific tasks for the chosen status regarding transfer type if the number of tasks is more than 30 (global and user option)
- Steps buttons for how much next/previous buttons should step backward/forward (global and user option)
- Status for each user (no auto refresh)
- Yt-dlp quality buttons (task option)
- Ability to use a specific yt-dlp option (global, user, and task option)
- Netrc support (global option)
- Cookies support (global option)
- Embed the original thumbnail and add it for leech
- All supported audio formats
- Synchronize Settings (global option)
- Waiting to select (enable/disable files or change variants) before download start
- DLC file support
- All settings can be edited from the remote access to your JDownloader with Web Interface, Android App, iPhone App or Browser Extensions
- Store bot settings
- Store user settings including thumbnails and all private files
- Store RSS data
- Store incompleted task messages
- Store JDownloader settings
- Store config.env file on first build and incase any change occured to it, then next build it will define variables from config.env instead of database
- Search on torrents with Torrent Search API
- Search on torrents with variable plugins using qBittorrent search engine
- Extract splits with or without password
- Zip file/folder with or without password
- Using 7-zip tool to extract with or without password all supported types:
ZIP, RAR, TAR, 7z, ISO, WIM, CAB, GZIP, BZIP2, APM, ARJ, CHM, CPIO, CramFS, DEB, DMG, FAT, HFS, LZH, LZMA, LZMA2,MBR, MSI, MSLZ, NSIS, NTFS, RPM, SquashFS, UDF, VHD, XAR, Z, TAR.XZ
- Based on this repository rss-chan
- Rss feed (user option)
- Title Filters (feed option)
- Edit any feed while running: pause, resume, edit command and edit filters (feed option)
- Sudo settings to control users feeds
- All functions have been improved using buttons from one command.
- Rclone transfer (download/upload/clone-server-side) without or with random service accounts (global and user option)
- Ability to choose config, remote and path from list with buttons (global, user and task option)
- Ability to set rclone flags for each task or globally from config (global, user and task option)
- Rclone.conf (global and user option)
- Rclone serve for combine remote to use it as index from all remotes (global option)
- Upload destination (global, user and task option)
- Docker image support for linux
amd64, arm64/v8, arm/v7
- Edit variables and overwrite the private files while bot running (bot, user settings)
- Update bot at startup and with restart command using
UPSTREAM_REPO
- Telegraph. Based on Sreeraj loaderX-bot
- Mirror/Leech/Watch/Clone/Count/Del by reply
- Mirror/Leech/Clone multi links/files with one command
- Custom name for all links except torrents. For files you should add extension except yt-dlp links (global and user option)
- Extensions Filter for the files to be uploaded/cloned (global and user option)
- View Link button. Extra button to open index link in broswer instead of direct download for file
- Queueing System for all tasks (global option)
- Ability to zip/unzip multi links in same directory. Mostly helpful in unziping tg file parts (task option)
- Bulk download from switch txt file or text message contains links seperated by new line (task option)
- Join splitted files that have splitted before by split(linux pkg) (task option)
- Sample video Generator (task option)
- Ability to cancel upload/clone/archive/extract/split/queue (task option)
- Cancel all buttons for choosing specific tasks status to cancel (global option)
- Convert videos and audios to specific format with filter (task option)
- Force start to upload or download or both from queue using cmds or args once you add the download (task option)
- Shell and Executor
- Add sudo users
- Ability to save upload Paths
- Name Substitution to rename the files before upload
- Download tg files using tg-links by session string(bot or user), you can add range also
- Supported Direct links Generators:
mediafire (file/folders), hxfile.co (need cookies txt with name) [hxfile.txt], streamtape.com, streamsb.net, streamhub.ink, streamvid.net, doodstream.com, feurl.com, upload.ee, pixeldrain.com, racaty.net, 1fichier.com, 1drv.ms (Only works for file not folder or business account), filelions.com, streamwish.com, send.cm (file/folders), solidfiles.com, linkbox.to (file/folders), shrdsk.me ( sharedisk.io), akmfiles.com, wetransfer.com, pcloud.link, gofile.io (file/folders), easyupload.io, mdisk.me (with ytdl), tmpsend.com, qiwi.gg, berkasdrive.com, mp4upload.com, terabox.com (only videos file/folders).
- Tutorial Video from A to Z:
- Thanks to Wiszky
- Clone this repo:
git clone https://github.com/anasty17/mirror-leech-switch-bot mirrorbot/ && cd mirrorbot
- For Debian based distros
sudo apt install python3 python3-pip
Install Docker by following the official Docker docs
- For Arch and it's derivatives:
sudo pacman -S docker python
- Install dependencies for running setup scripts:
pip3 install -r requirements-cli.txt
cp config_sample.env config.env
- Remove the first line saying:
_____REMOVE_THIS_LINE_____=True
Fill up rest of the fields. Meaning of each field is discussed below. NOTE: All values must be filled between
quotes, even if it's Int
, Bool
or List
.
1. Required Fields
BOT_TOKEN
: The Switch Bot Token that you got from Bot Apps.Str
OWNER_ID
: The Switch User ID (not username) of the Owner of the bot.Int
2. Optional Fields
TELEGRAM_API
: This is to authenticate your Telegram account for downloading Telegram files. You can get this from https://my.telegram.org.Int
TELEGRAM_HASH
: This is to authenticate your Telegram account for downloading Telegram files. You can get this from https://my.telegram.org.Str
TG_SESSION_STRING
: To download from your telegram account with tg links. To generate session string use this commandpython3 generate_string_session.py
after mounting repo folder for sure.Str
. * NOTE*: You can't use bot with private message. Use it with superGroup.DATABASE_URL
: Your Mongo Database URL (Connection string). Follow this Generate Database to generate database. Data will be saved in Database: auth and sudo users, users settings including thumbnails for each user, rss data and incomplete tasks. NOTE: You can always edit all settings that saved in database from the official site -> (Browse collections).Str
USER_TOKEN
: The Switch User Token for RSS. Tap Switch Logo and Click copy to get User token for your account.Str
DOWNLOAD_DIR
: The path to the local folder where the downloads should be downloaded to.Str
CMD_SUFFIX
: commands index number. This number will added at the end all commands.Str
|Int
AUTHORIZED_CHATS
: Fill user_id and chat_id of groups/users you want to authorize. Separate them by space.Int
SUDO_USERS
: Fill user_id of users whom you want to give sudo permission. Separate them by space.Int
DEFAULT_UPLOAD
: Whetherrc
to upload toRCLONE_PATH
orgd
to upload toGDRIVE_ID
. Default isgd
. Read More HERE.Str
STATUS_UPDATE_INTERVAL
: Time in seconds after which the progress/status message will be updated. Recommended10
seconds at least.Int
STATUS_LIMIT
: Limit the no. of tasks shown in status message with buttons. Default is4
. NOTE: Recommended limit is4
tasks.Int
EXTENSION_FILTER
: File extensions that won't upload/clone. Separate them by space.Str
FILELION_API
: Filelion api key to mirror Filelion links. Get it from Filelion.str
STREAMWISH_API
: Streamwish api key to mirror Streamwish links. Get it from Streamwish.str
YT_DLP_OPTIONS
: Default yt-dlp options. Check all possible options HERE or use this script to convert cli arguments to api options. Format: key:value|key: value|key:value. Add^
before integer or float, some numbers must be numeric and some string.str
- Example: "format:bv*+mergeall[vcodec=none]|nocheckcertificate:True"
USE_SERVICE_ACCOUNTS
: Whether to use Service Accounts or not, with google-api-python-client. For this to work see Using Service Accounts section below. Default isFalse
.Bool
NAME_SUBSTITUTE
: Add word/letter/sentense/pattern to remove or replace with other words with sensitive case or without.Notes:- Seed will get disbaled while using this option
- Before any character you must add , those are the characters:
\^$.|?*+()[]{}-
- Example-1:
text : code : s | mirror : leech | tea : : s | clone
- text will get replaced by code with sensitive case
- mirror will get replaced by leech
- tea will get removed with sensitive case
- clone will get removed
- Example-2:
\(text\) | \[test\] : test | \\text\\ : text : s
(text)
will get removed[test]
will get replaced by test\text\
will get replaced by text with sensitive case
3. GDrive Tools
GDRIVE_ID
: This is the Folder/TeamDrive ID of the Google Drive ORroot
to which you want to upload all the mirrors using google-api-python-client.Str
IS_TEAM_DRIVE
: SetTrue
if uploading to TeamDrive using google-api-python-client. Default isFalse
.Bool
INDEX_URL
: Refer to https://gitlab.com/ParveenBhadooOfficial/Google-Drive-Index.Str
STOP_DUPLICATE
: Bot will check file/folder name in Drive incase uploading toGDRIVE_ID
. If it's present in Drive then downloading or cloning will be stopped. (NOTE: Item will be checked using name and not hash, so this feature is not perfect yet). Default isFalse
.Bool
4. Rclone
RCLONE_PATH
: Default rclone path to which you want to upload all the files/folders using rclone.Str
RCLONE_FLAGS
: key:value|key|key|key:value . Check here all RcloneFlags.Str
RCLONE_SERVE_URL
: Valid URL where the bot is deployed to use rclone serve. Format of URL should behttp://myip
, wheremyip
is the IP/Domain(public) of your bot or if you have chosen port other than80
so write it in this formathttp://myip:port
(http
and nothttps
).Str
RCLONE_SERVE_PORT
: Which is the RCLONE_SERVE_URL Port. Default is8080
.Int
RCLONE_SERVE_USER
: Username for rclone serve authentication.Str
RCLONE_SERVE_PASS
: Password for rclone serve authentication.Str
5. Update
UPSTREAM_REPO
: Your github repository link, if your repo is private addhttps://username:{githubtoken}@github.com/{username}/{reponame}
format. Get token from Github settings. So you can update your bot from filled repository on each restart.Str
.- NOTE: Any change in docker or requirements you need to deploy/build again with updated repo to take effect. DON'T delete .gitignore file. For more information read THIS.
UPSTREAM_BRANCH
: Upstream branch for update. Default ismaster
.Str
6. Leech
LEECH_SPLIT_SIZE
: Size of split in bytes. Default is2GB
. Default is4GB
if your account is premium.Int
AS_DOCUMENT
: Default type of Switch file upload. Default isFalse
mean as media.Bool
EQUAL_SPLITS
: Split files larger than LEECH_SPLIT_SIZE into equal parts size (Not working with zip cmd). Default isFalse
.Bool
LEECH_FILENAME_PREFIX
: Add custom word to leeched file name.Str
LEECH_DUMP_CHAT
: Community_id|Group_id or user_id or PM(private message) to where files would be uploaded.Int
|Str
.
7. qBittorrent/Aria2c
TORRENT_TIMEOUT
: Timeout of dead torrents downloading with qBittorrent and Aria2c in seconds.Int
BASE_URL
: Valid BASE URL where the bot is deployed to use torrent web files selection. Format of URL should behttp://myip
, wheremyip
is the IP/Domain(public) of your bot or if you have chosen port other than80
so write it in this formathttp://myip:port
(http
and nothttps
).Str
BASE_URL_PORT
: Which is the BASE_URL Port. Default is80
.Int
WEB_PINCODE
: Whether to ask for pincode before selecting files from torrent in web or not. Default isFalse
.Bool
.- Qbittorrent NOTE: If your facing ram issues then set limit for
MaxConnections
, decreaseAsyncIOThreadsCount
, set limit ofDiskWriteCacheSize
to32
and decreaseMemoryWorkingSetLimit
from qbittorrent.conf or bsetting command. - Open port 8090 in your vps to access webui from any device. username: mltb, password: mltbmltb
- Qbittorrent NOTE: If your facing ram issues then set limit for
8. JDownloader
JD_EMAIL
: jdownlaoder email sign up on JDownloaderJD_PASS
: jdownlaoder password
9. RSS
RSS_DELAY
: Time in seconds for rss refresh interval. Recommended600
second at least. Default is600
in sec.Int
RSS_CHAT
: Chat ID/USERNAME where rss links will be sent. If you want message to be sent to the channel then add channel id. Add-100
before channel id.Int
|Str
- RSS NOTES:
RSS_CHAT
is required, otherwise monitor will not work. You must useUSER_STRING_SESSION
--OR-- CHANNEL. If using channel then bot should be added in both channel and group(linked to channel) andRSS_CHAT
is the channel id, so messages sent by the bot to channel will be forwarded to group. Otherwise withUSER_STRING_SESSION
add group id forRSS_CHAT
. IfDATABASE_URL
not added you will miss the feeds while bot offline.
- RSS NOTES:
10. Queue System
QUEUE_ALL
: Number of parallel tasks of downloads and uploads. For example if 20 task added andQUEUE_ALL
is8
, then the summation of uploading and downloading tasks are 8 and the rest in queue.Int
. NOTE: if you want to fillQUEUE_DOWNLOAD
orQUEUE_UPLOAD
, thenQUEUE_ALL
value must be greater than or equal to the greatest one and less than or equal to summation ofQUEUE_UPLOAD
andQUEUE_DOWNLOAD
.QUEUE_DOWNLOAD
: Number of all parallel downloading tasks.Int
QUEUE_UPLOAD
: Number of all parallel uploading tasks.Int
11. Torrent Search
SEARCH_API_LINK
: Search api app link. Get your api from deploying this repository.Str
- Supported Sites:
1337x, Piratebay, Nyaasi, Torlock, Torrent Galaxy, Zooqle, Kickass, Bitsearch, MagnetDL, Libgen, YTS, Limetorrent, TorrentFunk, Glodls, TorrentProject and YourBittorrent
SEARCH_LIMIT
: Search limit for search api, limit for each site and not overall result limit. Default is zero ( Default api limit for each site).Int
SEARCH_PLUGINS
: List of qBittorrent search plugins (github raw links). I have added some plugins, you can remove/add plugins as you want. Main Source: qBittorrent Search Plugins (Official/Unofficial).List
Make sure you still mount the app folder and installed the docker from official documentation.
- There are two methods to build and run the docker:
- Using official docker commands.
- Using docker-compose. (Recommended)
- Start Docker daemon (SKIP if already running, mostly you don't need to do this):
sudo dockerd
- Build Docker image:
sudo docker build . -t mltb
- Run the image:
sudo docker run -p 80:80 -p 8080:8080 mltb
- To stop the running image:
sudo docker ps
sudo docker stop id
NOTE: If you want to use ports other than 80 and 8080 for torrent file selection and rclone serve respectively, change it in docker-compose.yml also.
- Install docker compose plugin
sudo apt install docker-compose-plugin
- Build and run Docker image or to view current running image:
sudo docker compose up
- After editing files with nano for example (nano start.sh) or git pull:
sudo docker compose up --build
- To stop the running image:
sudo docker compose stop
- To run the image:
sudo docker compose start
- To get log from already running image (after mounting the folder):
sudo docker compose logs --follow
IMPORTANT NOTES:
-
Set
BASE_URL_PORT
andRCLONE_SERVE_PORT
variables to any port you want to use. Default is80
and8080
respectively. -
Check the number of processing units of your machine with
nproc
cmd and times it by 4, then editAsyncIOThreadsCount
in qBittorrent.conf.
mirror - or /m Mirror
qbmirror - or /qm Mirror torrent using qBittorrent
jdmirror - or /jm Mirror using jdownloader
ytdl - or /y Mirror yt-dlp supported links
leech - or /l Upload to switch
qbleech - or /ql Leech torrent using qBittorrent
jdleech - or /jl Leech using jdownloader
ytdlleech - or /yl Leech yt-dlp supported links
clone - Copy file/folder to Drive
count - Count file/folder from GDrive
usetting - or /us User settings
bsetting - or /bs Bot settings
status - Get Mirror Status message
btsel - Select files from torrent
rss - Rss menu
list - Search files in Drive
search - Search for torrents with API
cancel - or /c Cancel a task
cancelall - Cancel all tasks
forcestart - or /fs to start task from queue
del - Delete file/folder from GDrive
log - Get the Bot Log
shell - Run commands in Shell
aexec - Execute async function
exec - Execute sync function
restart - Restart the Bot
stats - Bot Usage Stats
ping - Ping the Bot
help - All cmds with description
NOTES
- Old authentication changed, now we can't use bot or replit to generate token.pickle. You need OS with a local browser.
For example
Termux
. - Windows users should install python3 and pip. You can find how to install and use them from google or from this telegraph from Wiszky tutorial.
- You can ONLY open the generated link from
generate_drive_token.py
in local browser.
- Visit the Google Cloud Console
- Go to the OAuth Consent tab, fill it, and save.
- Go to the Credentials tab and click Create Credentials -> OAuth Client ID
- Choose Desktop and Create.
- Publish your OAuth consent screen App to prevent token.pickle from expire
- Use the download button to download your credentials.
- Move that file to the root of mirrorbot, and rename it to credentials.json
- Visit Google API page
- Search for Google Drive Api and enable it
- Finally, run the script to generate token.pickle file for Google Drive:
pip3 install google-api-python-client google-auth-httplib2 google-auth-oauthlib
python3 generate_drive_token.py
- Install rclone from Official Site
- Create new remote(s) using
rclone config
command. - Copy rclone.conf from .config/rclone/rclone.conf to repo folder
RCLONE_PATH
is likeGDRIVE_ID
a default path for mirror. In additional to those variablesDEFAULT_UPLOAD
to choose the default tool whether it's rclone or google-api-python-client.- If
DEFAULT_UPLOAD
= 'rc' then you must fillRCLONE_PATH
with path as default one or withrcl
to select destination path on each new task. - If
DEFAULT_UPLOAD
= 'gd' then you must fillGDRIVE_ID
with folder/TD id. - rclone.conf can be added before deploy like token.pickle to repo folder root or use bsetting to upload it as private file.
- If rclone.conf uploaded from usetting or added in
rclone/{user_id}.conf
thenRCLONE_PATH
must start withmrcc:
. - Whenever you want to write path manually to use user rclone.conf that added from usetting then you must add
the
mrcc:
at the beginning. - So in short, up: has 4 possible values which is: gd(Upload to GDRIVE_ID), rc(Upload to RCLONE_PATH), rcl(Select Rclone Path) and rclone_path(remote:path(owner rclone.conf) or mrcc:remote:path(user rclone.conf))
UPSTREAM_REPO
variable can be used for edit/add any file in repository.- You can add private/public repository link to grab/overwrite all files from it.
- You can skip adding the privates files like token.pickle or accounts folder before deploying, simply
fill
UPSTREAM_REPO
private one in case you want to grab all files including private files. - If you added private files while deploying and you have added private
UPSTREAM_REPO
and your private files in this private repository, so your private files will be overwritten from this repository. Also if you are using database for private files, then all files from database will override the private files that added before deploying or from privateUPSTREAM_REPO
. - If you filled
UPSTREAM_REPO
with the official repository link, then be carefull incase any change in requirements.txt your bot will not start after restart. In this case you need to deploy again with updated code to install the new requirements or simply by changing theUPSTREAM_REPO
to you fork link with that old updates. - In case you you filled
UPSTREAM_REPO
with your fork link be carefull also if you fetched the commits from the official repository. - The changes in your
UPSTREAM_REPO
will take affect only after restart.
- Using
-d
argument alone will lead to use global options for aria2c or qbittorrent.
- Global options:
GlobalMaxRatio
andGlobalMaxSeedingMinutes
in qbittorrent.conf,-1
means no limit, but you can cancel manually.- NOTE: Don't change
MaxRatioAction
.
- NOTE: Don't change
- Global options:
--seed-ratio
(0 means no limit) and--seed-time
(0 means no seed) in aria.sh.
For Service Account to work, you must set
USE_SERVICE_ACCOUNTS
= "True" in config file or environment variables. NOTE: Using Service Accounts is only recommended while uploading to a Team Drive.
1. Generate Service Accounts. What is Service Account?
Let us create only the Service Accounts that we need.
Warning: Abuse of this feature is not the aim of this project and we do NOT recommend that you make a lot of projects, just one project and 100 SAs allow you plenty of use, its also possible that over abuse might get your projects banned by Google.
NOTE: If you have created SAs in past from this script, you can also just re download the keys by running:
python3 gen_sa_accounts.py --download-keys $PROJECTID
NOTE: 1 Service Account can upload/copy around 750 GB a day, 1 project can make 100 Service Accounts so you can upload 75 TB a day.
NOTE: All people can copy
2TB/DAY
from each file creator (uploader account), so if you got erroruserRateLimitExceeded
that doesn't mean your limit exceeded but file creator limit have been exceeded which is2TB/DAY
.
Choose one of these methods
- List your projects ids
python3 gen_sa_accounts.py --list-projects
- Enable services automatically by this command
python3 gen_sa_accounts.py --enable-services $PROJECTID
- Create Sevice Accounts to current project
python3 gen_sa_accounts.py --create-sas $PROJECTID
- Download Sevice Accounts as accounts folder
python3 gen_sa_accounts.py --download-keys $PROJECTID
python3 gen_sa_accounts.py --quick-setup 1 --new-only
A folder named accounts will be created which will contain keys for the Service Accounts.
Choose one of these methods
- Mount accounts folder
cd accounts
- Grab emails form all accounts to emails.txt file that would be created in accounts folder
For Windows using PowerShell
$emails = Get-ChildItem .\**.json |Get-Content -Raw |ConvertFrom-Json |Select -ExpandProperty client_email >>emails.txt
For Linux
grep -oPh '"client_email": "\K[^"]+' *.json > emails.txt
- Unmount acounts folder
cd ..
Then add emails from emails.txt to Google Group, after that add this Google Group to your Shared Drive and promote it to manager and delete email.txt file from accounts folder
- Run:
python3 add_to_team_drive.py -d SharedTeamDriveSrcID
- Go to
https://mongodb.com/
and sign-up. - Create Shared Cluster.
- Press on
Database
underDeployment
Header, your created cluster will be there. - Press on connect, choose
Allow Access From Anywhere
and press onAdd IP Address
without editing the ip, then create user. - After creating user press on
Choose a connection
, then press onConnect your application
. ChooseDriver
* python* andversion
3.6 or later. - Copy your
connection string
and replace<password>
with the password of your user, then press close.
To use list from multi TD/folder. Run driveid.py in your terminal and follow it. It will generate list_drives.txt
file or u can simply create list_drives.txt
file in working directory and fill it, check below format:
DriveName folderID/tdID or `root` IndexLink(if available)
DriveName folderID/tdID or `root` IndexLink(if available)
Example:
TD1 root https://example.dev
TD2 0AO1JDB1t3i5jUk9PVA https://example.dev
For using your premium accounts in yt-dlp or for protected Index Links, create .netrc file according to following format:
Note: Create .netrc and not netrc, this file will be hidden, so view hidden files to edit it after creation.
Format:
machine host login username password my_password
Example:
machine instagram login anas.tayyar password mypassword
Instagram Note: You must login even if you want to download public posts and after first try you must confirm that this was you logged in from different ip(you can confirm from phone app).
Youtube Note: For youtube
authentication
use cookies.txt file.
Using Aria2c you can also use built in feature from bot with or without username. Here example for index link without username.
machine example.workers.dev password index_password
Where host is the name of extractor (eg. instagram, Twitch). Multiple accounts of different hosts can be added each separated by a new line.