alexhorner · alexhorner · Feb 16, 2021 · Feb 15, 2021 · Feb 15, 2021 · Feb 15, 2021
diff --git a/BeforeInstall.md b/BeforeInstall.md
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+# Installation Guide
+
+## Part 1 - Serial Access
+
+In order to follow this guide, BIOS access is a requirement. the DX4000 does not provide any video out, and the onboard PCIe also does not support any graphics card (that I have to hand and tested)
+
+To get access to the BIOS, a small modification must be completed which is the addition of 3 flywires to the motherboard.
+
+To begin, remove all drives from the DX4000 and the 5 rear screws on the case:
+
+![Rear Case](./img/rear.jpg?raw=true)
+
+With the case removed, turn the DX4000 anticlockwise 90 degrees, so that the front panel is touching your left hand and the rear IO your right hand.
+
+Looking down upon the motherboard, on the top left there are pads for a serial port. Solder wires to the pads and connect them to your USB to Serial adapter like so:
+
+![Serial Port](./img/serial.jpg?raw=true)
+
+on the pads (J23) Black is ground, Red is TX, Grey is RX.
+
+Connect your adapter to your computer and use Device Manager to identify the COM port, in my case COM3. Configure PuTTY to use your COM port at 115200 baud:
+
+![PuTTY Configuration](./img/putty.jpg?raw=true)
+
+## Part 2 - Choose Your OS
+This guide explains the full installation process of Ubuntu and Debian. Please choose one of the guide files listed below to continue your installation:
+- InstallDebian.md
+- InstallUbuntu.md
diff --git a/Disks.md b/Disks.md
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ The disks should have spun up in the time you spent installing MDADM. Run `ls /d
 
 etc...
 
-We will use Bay 1 and 2 for a RAID. More devices can be used. Refer to MDADM guides for this. MAKE SURE that the adb and sec devices are the ones you intend to use!
+We will use Bay 1 and 2 for a RAID. More devices can be used. Refer to MDADM guides for this. MAKE SURE that the sdb and sdc devices are the ones you intend to use!
 
 ## Step 3 - Configure RAID
 
@@ -63,4 +63,4 @@ Update the boot image with the `update-initramfs -u` command.
 
 ## Complete
 
-You can now reboot with `shutdown -r now` and the RAID will mount to `/data` for you to use. You can find out more about the array with the `df -h` command.
+You can now reboot with `shutdown -r now` and the RAID will mount to `/data` for you to use. You can find out more about the array with the `df -h` command.
diff --git a/Install.md → InstallDebian.md b/Install.md → InstallDebian.md
@@ -1,28 +1,9 @@
-# Installation Guide
+# Debian Installation Guide
+NOTE: This guide expects you to have followed BeforeInstall.md! If you haven't, go do it!
 
-## Part 1 - Serial Access
+You will need the Debian installation ISO to follow this guide. This guide follows the Debian 10.06.0 install process, however differences should be minimal.
 
-In order to follow this guide, BIOS access is a requirement. the DX4000 does not provide any video out, and the onboard PCIe also does not support any graphics card (that I have to hand and tested)
-
-To get access to the BIOS, a small modification must be completed which is the addition of 3 flywires to the motherboard.
-
-To begin, remove all drives from the DX4000 and the 5 rear screws on the case:
-
-![Rear Case](./img/rear.jpg?raw=true)
-
-With the case removed, turn the DX4000 anticlockwise 90 degrees, so that the front panel is touching your left hand and the rear IO your right hand.
-
-Looking down upon the motherboard, on the top left there are pads for a serial port. Solder wires to the pads and connect them to your USB to Serial adapter like so:
-
-![Serial Port](./img/serial.jpg?raw=true)
-
-on the pads (J23) Black is ground, Red is TX, Grey is RX.
-
-Connect your adapter to your computer and use Device Manager to identify the COM port, in my case COM3. Configure PuTTY to use your COM port at 115200 baud:
-
-![PuTTY Configuration](./img/putty.jpg?raw=true)
-
-## Part 2 - Debian Installer
+## Part 1 - Debian Installer
 
 Connect your USB install drive and open Rufus. Configure Rufus like below:
 
@@ -44,15 +25,15 @@ READ!! and accept the warning.
 
 Now we need to make a modification to the boot menu of the installer. Open file explorer and navigate to the USB:
 
-![USB Root](./img/usbroot.jpg?raw=true)
+![USB Root](./img/usbrootdebian.jpg?raw=true)
 
 Navigate to `/boot/grub`:
 
-![USB /boot/grub](./img/usbbootgrub.jpg?raw=true)
+![USB /boot/grub](./img/usbbootgrubdebian.jpg?raw=true)
 
 Open grub.cfg in your editor:
 
-![GRUB Config](./img/grubcfg.jpg?raw=true)
+![GRUB Config](./img/grubcfgdebian.jpg?raw=true)
 
 On line 27, you can see the default boot entry:
 
@@ -78,9 +59,9 @@ At the top of the config on line 10, set `terminal_output` to `gfxterm console`
 
 Your config will now look like so:
 
-![GRUB Config Modified](./img/grubcfgmodified.jpg?raw=true)
+![GRUB Config Modified](./img/grubcfgmodifieddebian.jpg?raw=true)
 
-## Part 3 - Set up hardware
+## Part 2 - Set up hardware
 
 Ensure no hard disks are in the 4 bays of the DX4000.
 
@@ -90,7 +71,7 @@ Into USB port 2, plug in your USB hub. Plug your USB keyboard and your Debian in
 
 Plug in power on power port 1 and network on network port 1.
 
-## Part 4 - BIOS configuration
+## Part 3 - BIOS configuration
 
 With PuTTY open, press the power button. Spam the DEL key on the USB keyboard (NOT on your PuTTY window using your normal keyboard) You will be presented with the BIOS:
 
@@ -134,11 +115,11 @@ Go to Save & Exit and select `Save Changes and Exit`:
 
 ![Bios Exit](./img/bios3.jpg?raw=true)
 
-## Part 5 - Debian Installation
+## Part 4 - Debian Installation
 
 When your NAS reboots, you will be presented with the Debian Installer GRUB menu:
 
-![Debian Installer GRUB](./img/afterbios.jpg?raw=true)
+![Debian Installer GRUB](./img/afterbiosdebian.jpg?raw=true)
 
 Place your USB keyboard aside (don't unplug). We are now going to use your normal keyboard with PuTTY.
 
@@ -243,7 +224,7 @@ Once the installation has finished, you will be presented with the completion sc
 
 ![Debian Installer Completed](./img/debianinstall25.jpg?raw=true)
 
-Unplug the installation USB and press enter, the switch back to the USB keyboard and spam DEL once the system restarts to enter the BIOS once again.
+Unplug the installation USB and press enter, then switch back to the USB keyboard and spam DEL once the system restarts to enter the BIOS once again.
 
 You'll notice the BIOS looks much nicer due to the configuration changes we made earlier:
 

diff --git a/InstallUbuntu.md b/InstallUbuntu.md
@@ -0,0 +1,207 @@
+# Ubuntu Installation Guide
+NOTE: This guide expects you to have followed BeforeInstall.md! If you haven't, go do it!
+
+You will need the Ubuntu Server installation ISO to follow this guide. This guide follows the Ubuntu Server 20.04.2 LTS install process, however differences should be minimal.
+
+## Part 1 - Ubuntu Installer
+
+Connect your USB install drive and open Rufus. Configure Rufus like below:
+
+![Rufus](./img/rufus.jpg?raw=true)
+
+Select your Ubuntu Server ISO by clicking the CD Drive icon on the right under Format Options.
+
+Ensure (triple check!) you have the correct device selected, because selecting the wrong device could wipe out another device with your data on it!
+
+Click start. You will be asked what mode you wish to use:
+
+![Rufus Mode](./img/rufusmode.jpg?raw=true)
+
+Choose ISO mode and click OK.
+
+![Rufus Warning](./img/rufuswarn.jpg?raw=true)
+
+READ!! and accept the warning.
+
+Now we need to make a modification to the boot menu of the installer. Open file explorer and navigate to the USB:
+
+![USB Root](./img/usbrootubuntu.jpg?raw=true)
+
+Navigate to `/boot/grub`:
+
+![USB /boot/grub](./img/usbbootgrububuntu.jpg?raw=true)
+
+Open grub.cfg in your editor:
+
+![GRUB Config](./img/grubcfgubuntu.jpg?raw=true)
+
+On line 14, you can see the default boot entry:
+
+```
+menuentry "Install Ubuntu Server" {
+	set gfxpayload=keep
+	linux	/casper/vmlinuz   quiet  ---
+	initrd	/casper/initrd
+}
+```
+
+Add a new entry above it, and configure it like so:
+
+```
+menuentry "Serial Console Install Ubuntu Server" {
+	set gfxpayload=keep
+	linux	/casper/vmlinuz vga=off --- console=ttyS1,115200n8
+	initrd	/casper/initrd
+}
+```
+
+At the top of the config on line 7, set `terminal_output` to `gfxterm console`
+
+Your config will now look like so:
+
+![GRUB Config Modified](./img/grubcfgmodifiedubuntu.jpg?raw=true)
+
+## Part 2 - Set up hardware
+
+Ensure no hard disks are in the 4 bays of the DX4000.
+
+Into USB port 1 plug your empty USB onto which we will install Ubuntu.
+
+Into USB port 2, plug in your USB hub. Plug your USB keyboard and your Ubuntu install USB into the hub.
+
+Plug in power on power port 1 and network on network port 1.
+
+## Part 3 - BIOS configuration
+
+With PuTTY open, press the power button. Spam the DEL key on the USB keyboard (NOT on your PuTTY window using your normal keyboard) You will be presented with the BIOS:
+
+![Bios](./img/bios1.jpg?raw=true)
+
+Go to Save & Exit and select `Restore Defaults`
+
+![Bios Defaults](./img/bios2.jpg?raw=true)
+
+Select `Save Changes and Exit`:
+
+![Bios Exit](./img/bios3.jpg?raw=true)
+
+Spam DEL again to enter the BIOS.
+
+Go to Advanced and ensure the settings at the top are configured like so:
+
+![Bios Advanced](./img/bios4.jpg?raw=true)
+
+Under Advanced select `IDE Configuration` and modify the settings to match below:
+
+![Bios Advanced IDE Configuration](./img/bios5.jpg?raw=true)
+
+Hit ESC once to go back to the Advanced menu, select `Serial Port Console Redirection` and modify the settings to match below:
+
+![Bios Advanced Serial Port Console Redirection](./img/bios6.jpg?raw=true)
+
+Now select `Console Redirection Settings` and modify the settings to match below:
+
+![Bios Advanced Serial Port Console Redirection - Console Redirection Settings](./img/bios7.jpg?raw=true)
+
+Hit ESC twice to go back to the Advanced menu.
+
+Scroll to Boot and modify the settings to match below:
+
+![Bios Boot](./img/bios8.jpg?raw=true)
+
+Please note that `Boot Option #1` must be configured to the UEFI mode of your Ubuntu installer USB! All other boot options must be disabled.
+
+Go to Save & Exit and select `Save Changes and Exit`:
+
+![Bios Exit](./img/bios3.jpg?raw=true)
+
+## Part 4 - Ubuntu Installation
+
+When your NAS reboots, you will be presented with the Ubuntu Installer GRUB menu:
+
+![Ubuntu Installer GRUB](./img/afterbiosubuntu.jpg?raw=true)
+
+Place your USB keyboard aside (don't unplug). We are now going to use your normal keyboard with PuTTY.
+
+Press enter on the `Serial Console Install Ubuntu Server` option. The screen will clear for about a minute, but things are happening in the background, give it up to 5 minutes.
+
+You may thing the machine has locked up when you see one of these screens. It has not, let it sit:
+
+![Ubuntu not locked up](./img/ubuntuinstall1.jpg?raw=true)
+![Ubuntu not locked up again](./img/ubuntuinstall2.jpg?raw=true)
+
+You'll be presented with a question screen for how you should proceed to install. For the purposes of this guide, I will be using Rich mode over the serial console:
+
+![Ubuntu installer mode](./img/ubuntuinstall3.jpg?raw=true)
+
+You will now be presented with the normal Ubuntu Server installer, select your language and keyboard layout:
+
+![Ubuntu select language](./img/ubuntuinstall4.jpg?raw=true)
+![Ubuntu select keyboard layout](./img/ubuntuinstall5.jpg?raw=true)
+
+For networking, I advise you get as close to your final network config as possible, to avoid having to mess with the Netplan configuration later. For me, I am setting up a static IP on port 1 and disabling port 2. You should disable any ports you are not using, do not leave them on DHCP, otherwise Netplan will expect to get a DHCP address on the interface every boot and hang your entire system for 3 minutes before giving up, not fun:
+
+![Ubuntu Network](./img/ubuntuinstall6.jpg?raw=true)
+
+You can leave proxy address blank, unless you know you need it:
+
+![Ubuntu proxy address](./img/ubuntuinstall7.jpg?raw=true)
+
+You can leave the mirror address blank, unless you know how and why to change it:
+
+![Ubuntu mirror address](./img/ubuntuinstall8.jpg?raw=true)
+
+You can now set up your disk partitions. Ensure you select the correct place to do your install, don't accidentally select your installer USB. Defaults were correct for me:
+
+![Ubuntu partitioning](./img/ubuntuinstall9.jpg?raw=true)
+
+Double check and confirm the new partition layout:
+
+![Ubuntu confirm partition layout](./img/ubuntuinstall10.jpg?raw=true)
+![Ubuntu confirm partition layout again](./img/ubuntuinstall11.jpg?raw=true)
+
+Configure your personal account:
+
+![Ubuntu configure personal account](./img/ubuntuinstall12.jpg?raw=true)
+
+You will most likely want SSH enabled, so press space on the checkbox to enable it like so:
+
+![Ubuntu enable SSH](./img/ubuntuinstall13.jpg?raw=true)
+
+If you want any additional services to be installed for you, select them here:
+
+![Ubuntu additional services](./img/ubuntuinstall14.jpg?raw=true)
+
+You will now be able to watch the install and update:
+
+![Ubuntu install and update](./img/ubuntuinstall15.jpg?raw=true)
+
+It appears `curtin hook` keeps spinning even after install completion, so you can select reboot anyway:
+
+![Ubuntu ignore curtin hook and reboot](./img/ubuntuinstall16.jpg?raw=true)
+
+You will be asked to unplug your install USB and reboot with a press of enter:
+
+![Ubuntu remove installation medium](./img/ubuntuinstall17.jpg?raw=true)
+
+Now switch back to the USB keyboard and spam DEL once the system restarts to enter the BIOS once again.
+
+You'll notice the BIOS looks much nicer due to the configuration changes we made earlier:
+
+![BIOS After Install](./img/biosafter1.jpg?raw=true)
+
+Go to Boot and configure the boot order to match below:
+
+![BIOS After Install Boot Order](./img/biosafter2ubuntu.jpg?raw=true)
+
+Go to Save & Exit and select `Save Changes and Exit`:
+
+![BIOS After Install Exit](./img/biosafter3.jpg?raw=true)
+
+You will now boot into Ubuntu! Remember, it may take a moment before you start to see console output, but you will be presented with a console which you need to control with PuTTY and your normal keyboard. You can now SSH to your system too, it's all yours!
+
+## Complete!
+
+For the sake of it, you can use the command `shutdown -h now` to shut your DX4000 down, then turn it back on yourself and see it spring to life with no intervention! One Ubuntu server for you to run whatever you want!
+
+Please return to README.md for links to other guides, such as setting up 4 hard drives with the 4 bays in the NAS!
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
 # WD-DX4000
-Running Debian on the Western Digital WD Sentinel DX4000
+Running Ubuntu or Debian on the Western Digital WD Sentinel DX4000
 
 ---
 
 ![WD Sentinel DX4000](./img/wdnas.jpg?raw=true)
 
 ---
 
-This guide will go through the entire process of running Debian on the WD Sentinel DX4000 from start to finish.
+This guide will go through the entire process of running Ubuntu or Debian on the WD Sentinel DX4000 from start to finish.
 
 ## Prerequisites
 - USB Keyboard
@@ -17,6 +17,10 @@ This guide will go through the entire process of running Debian on the WD Sentin
 - PuTTY installed (https://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/latest.html)
 - Rufus installed (I recommend using 2.18 for compatibility https://github.com/pbatard/rufus/releases/download/v2.18/rufus-2.18.exe)
 - Debian ISO downloaded (Get the small installation image 64-bit PC netinst iso https://www.debian.org/distrib/)
+
+  OR
+
+  Ubuntu ISO downloaded (Get the full server installer iso https://ubuntu.com/download/server)
 - USB TTL serial adapter
 - Soldering iron and wires to attach your TTL serial adapter to the pads on the board
 
@@ -26,7 +30,7 @@ This guide will go through the entire process of running Debian on the WD Sentin
 
 ---
 
-Head to Install.md to start!
+Head to BeforeInstall.md to start!
 
 ## Other guides
 - Hard Drives - Disks.md