Added a new test to help ensure that my setStatus method behaves corr…

…ectly under the specified conditions, maintaining the integrity of the span's status.

Ref Fix Span#setStatus open-telemetry#6797

sdk/trace/src/main/java/io/opentelemetry/sdk/trace/SdkSpan.java

@@ -433,31 +433,31 @@ public ReadWriteSpan setStatus(StatusCode statusCode, @Nullable String descripti
     synchronized (lock) {
       if (!isModifiableByCurrentThread()) {
         logger.log(Level.FINE, "Calling setStatus() on an ended Span.");
-        return this; // Prevent modification if the span has ended
+        return this;
       }
-
-      // Check the current status and enforce priority rules
+
       StatusCode currentStatusCode = this.status.getStatusCode();
 
       // Prevent setting a lower priority status.
       if (currentStatusCode == StatusCode.OK) {
+        logger.log(Level.FINE, "Calling setStatus() on a Span that is already set to OK.");
         return this; // Do not allow lower priority status to override OK
-      } else if (currentStatusCode == StatusCode.ERROR && statusCode == StatusCode.UNSET) {
-        logger.log(Level.WARNING, "Cannot set status to UNSET when current status is ERROR.");
+      } if (currentStatusCode == StatusCode.ERROR && statusCode == StatusCode.UNSET) {
+        logger.log(Level.FINE, "Cannot set status to UNSET when current status is ERROR.");
         return this; // Do not allow UNSET to override ERROR
       }
 
       // Set the status, ignoring description if status is not ERROR.
       if (statusCode == StatusCode.ERROR) {
-        this.status = StatusData.create(statusCode, description); // Allow description for ERROR
+        this.status = StatusData.create(statusCode, description);
       } else {
         if (currentStatusCode != statusCode) {
           this.status =
-              StatusData.create(statusCode, null); // Ignore description for non-ERROR statuses
+              StatusData.create(statusCode, null);
         }
       }
     }
-    return this; // Return the current span for method chaining
+    return this;
   }
 
   @Override

sdk/trace/src/test/java/io/opentelemetry/sdk/trace/SdkSpanTest.java

@@ -1446,6 +1446,29 @@ private void verifySpanData(
     spanDataAttributes.forEach((key, value) -> assertThat(attributes.get(key)).isEqualTo(value));
   }
 
+
+  @Test
+void setStatusCannotOverrideStatusError() {
+    SdkSpan testSpan = createTestRootSpan();
+
+    // Set an initial status to ERROR
+    testSpan.setStatus(StatusCode.ERROR, "Initial error status");
+    assertThat(testSpan.toSpanData().getStatus().getStatusCode()).isEqualTo(StatusCode.ERROR);
+
+    // Attempt to set status to OK (should not change)
+    testSpan.setStatus(StatusCode.OK);
+    assertThat(testSpan.toSpanData().getStatus().getStatusCode()).isEqualTo(StatusCode.ERROR);
+
+    // Attempt to set status to UNSET (should not change)
+    testSpan.setStatus(StatusCode.UNSET);
+    assertThat(testSpan.toSpanData().getStatus().getStatusCode()).isEqualTo(StatusCode.ERROR);
+
+    // Attempt to set status to ERROR again (should remain ERROR)
+    testSpan.setStatus(StatusCode.ERROR, "Another error status");
+    assertThat(testSpan.toSpanData().getStatus().getStatusCode()).isEqualTo(StatusCode.ERROR);
+}
+
+
   @Test
   void testAsSpanData() {
     String name = "GreatSpan";