PostgreSQL and Greenplum job scheduler pg_task allows to execute any sql command at any specific time at background asynchronously

first

shared_preload_libraries = 'pg_task' # add pg_task to shared_preload_libraries

second

INSERT INTO task (input) VALUES ('SELECT now()'); -- to run sql more quickly use only input
INSERT INTO task (plan, input) VALUES (now() + '5 min':INTERVAL, 'SELECT now()'); -- to run sql after 5 minutes point plan(ned time)
INSERT INTO task (plan, input) VALUES ('2029-07-01 12:51:00', 'SELECT now()'); -- to run sql at specific time point it as plan(ned time)
INSERT INTO task (repeat, input) VALUES ('5 min', 'SELECT now()'); -- to repeat sql every 5 minutes point repeat( interval)
INSERT INTO task (input) VALUES ('SELECT 1/0'); -- exception is catched and writed in error as text
INSERT INTO task (group, max, input) VALUES ('group', 1, 'SELECT now()'); -- if some group needs concurently run only 2 parallel sqls then use max = 1
INSERT INTO task (group, max, input) VALUES ('group', 2, 'SELECT now()'); -- if in this group there are more sqls and they are executing concurently by 2 then passing max = 2 will execute sql as more early in this group (it is like priority)
INSERT INTO task (input, remote) VALUES ('SELECT now()', 'user=user host=host'); -- to run sql on remote database use remote

pg_task creates the following GUCs:

Name	Type	Default	Level	Description
pg_task.delete	bool	true	config, database, user, session	Auto delete task when both output and error are nulls
pg_task.drift	bool	false	config, database, user, session	Compute next repeat time by stop time instead by plan time
pg_task.header	bool	true	config, database, user, session	Show columns headers in output
pg_task.string	bool	true	config, database, user, session	Quote only strings
pg_conf.close	int	60 * 1000	config, database, superuser	Close conf, milliseconds
pg_conf.fetch	int	10	config, database, superuser	Fetch conf rows at once
pg_conf.restart	int	60	config, database, superuser	Restart conf interval, seconds
pg_task.count	int	0	config, database, user, session	Non-negative maximum count of tasks, are executed by current background worker process before exit
pg_task.fetch	int	100	config, database, user	Fetch task rows at once
pg_task.id	bigint	0	session	Current task id (for read only)
pg_task.limit	int	1000	config, database, user	Limit task rows at once
pg_task.max	int	0	config, database, user, session	Maximum count of concurrently executing tasks in group, negative value means pause between tasks in milliseconds
pg_task.run	int	2147483647	config, database, user, session	Maximum count of concurrently executing tasks in work
pg_task.sleep	int	1000	config, database, user	Check tasks every sleep milliseconds
pg_work.close	int	60 * 1000	config, database, superuser	Close work, milliseconds
pg_work.fetch	int	100	config, database, superuser	Fetch work rows at once
pg_work.restart	int	60	config, database, superuser	Restart work interval, seconds
pg_task.active	interval	1 hour	config, database, user, session	Positive period after plan time, when task is active for executing
pg_task.data	text	postgres	config	Database name for tasks table
pg_task.delimiter	char	\t	config, database, user, session	Results columns delimiter
pg_task.escape	char		config, database, user, session	Results columns escape
pg_task.group	text	group	config, database, user, session	Task grouping by name
pg_task.idle	int	60	config, database, user	Idle task count
pg_task.json	json	[{"data":"postgres"}]	config	Json configuration, available keys: data, reset, schema, table, sleep and user
pg_task.live	interval	0 sec	config, database, user, session	Non-negative maximum time of live of current background worker process before exit
pg_task.null	text	\N	config, database, user, session	Null text value representation
pg_task.quote	char		config, database, user, session	Results columns quote
pg_task.repeat	interval	0 sec	config, database, user, session	Non-negative auto repeat tasks interval
pg_task.reset	interval	1 hour	config, database, user	Interval of reset tasks
pg_task.schema	text	public	config, database, user	Schema name for tasks table
pg_task.table	text	task	config, database, user	Table name for tasks table
pg_task.timeout	interval	0 sec	config, database, user, session	Non-negative allowed time for task run
pg_task.user	text	postgres	config	User name for tasks table

pg_task creates table with the following columns:

Name	Type	Nullable?	Default	Description
id	bigserial	NOT NULL	autoincrement	Primary key
parent	bigint	NULL	pg_task.id	Parent task id (if exists, like foreign key to id, but without constraint, for performance)
plan	timestamptz	NOT NULL	CURRENT_TIMESTAMP	Planned date and time of start
start	timestamptz	NULL		Actual date and time of start
stop	timestamptz	NULL		Actual date and time of stop
active	interval	NOT NULL	pg_task.active	Positive period after plan time, when task is active for executing
live	interval	NOT NULL	pg_task.live	Non-negative maximum time of live of current background worker process before exit
repeat	interval	NOT NULL	pg_task.repeat	Non-negative auto repeat tasks interval
timeout	interval	NOT NULL	pg_task.timeout	Non-negative allowed time for task run
count	int	NOT NULL	pg_task.count	Non-negative maximum count of tasks, are executed by current background worker process before exit
hash	int	NOT NULL	generated by group and remote	Hash for identifying tasks group
max	int	NOT NULL	pg_task.max	Maximum count of concurrently executing tasks in group, negative value means pause between tasks in milliseconds
pid	int	NULL		Id of process executing task
state	enum state (PLAN, TAKE, WORK, DONE, STOP)	NOT NULL	PLAN	Task state
delete	bool	NOT NULL	pg_task.delete	Auto delete task when both output and error are nulls
drift	bool	NOT NULL	pg_task.drift	Compute next repeat time by stop time instead by plan time
header	bool	NOT NULL	pg_task.header	Show columns headers in output
string	bool	NOT NULL	pg_task.string	Quote only strings
delimiter	char	NOT NULL	pg_task.delimiter	Results columns delimiter
escape	char	NOT NULL	pg_task.escape	Results columns escape
quote	char	NOT NULL	pg_task.quote	Results columns quote
data	text	NULL		Some user data
error	text	NULL		Catched error
group	text	NOT NULL	pg_task.group	Task grouping by name
input	text	NOT NULL		Sql command(s) to execute
null	text	NOT NULL	pg_task.null	Null text value representation
output	text	NULL		Received result(s)
remote	text	NULL		Connect to remote database (if need)

but you may add any needed colums and/or make partitions

by default pg_task runs on default database with default user with default schema with default table with default sleep

to run specific database and/or specific user and/or specific schema and/or specific table and/or specific sleep, set config (in json format)

pg_task.json = '[{"data":"database1"},{"data":"database2","user":"username2"},{"data":"database3","schema":"schema3"},{"data":"database4","table":"table4"},{"data":"database5","sleep":100}]'

if database and/or user and/or schema and/or table does not exist then pg_task create it/their