[Feature] Add EIA Provider & Weekly Petroleum Status Report

[deeleeramone]

1. Why?:

The EIA's Weekly Petroleum Status Report, and Short Term Energy Outlook are closely followed events for anyone watching the fossil fuels. This PR represents the first integrations of open data available from the EIA.

2. What?:

The WPSR is comprised of thirteen (excludes discontinued series) high-level categories with each containing a subset of tables. Data is from the static Excel files published here, and each file represents a single category.

All data from a single category is returned by supplying "all" to the table parameter of the WPSR endpoint.

Tables from the WPSR are returned in a flat format in the same order as presented in the Excel files. The response is suitable for pivot tables and SQL storage.

The STEO dataset is twenty-six tables of near-term projections, which is pulled from the V2 API.

3. Impact:

   • This package contains dependencies not included in openbb-core:

     • async-lru = "^2.0.4" (to prevent Excel files from being repeatedly downloaded)
     • openpyxl = "^3.1.5" (for working with Pandas ExcelFile)
     • xlrd = "^2.0.1" (for working with Pandas ExcelFile)

   • New endpoints:

     • obb.commodity.petroleum_status_report (WPSR - no API key required)
     • obb.commodity.short_term_energy_outlook (STEO)

   • ALRU cache (async drop-in replacement to functools.lru_cache) is used for the WPSR files that retains each "category" requested for the duration of the Python session. Setting use_cache as False will invalidate the cache and download the file again.

   • The table parameter has defined choices that represent all possible tables from all categories.

     • For WPSR, a custom validator checks this parameter against the category and the list of tables within that category; it will raise with a message indicating which choices are valid for the given category.

   • STEO also accepts a symbol input for targeted queries from the API route.

4. Testing Done:

   • Unit/integration

5. Reviewer Notes:

   • The combination of (category="weekly_estimates", table="all") will result in a very large response that will take 20 seconds or so to download, parse, and combine 21 sheets and more than 1 million rows. It's best to avoid "all" for that category.