Type annotations, mypy config, pydoclint setup, and other changes #26

Job	Run time
py3.12 \| macos \| integration tests	15m 6s
mypy	4m 10s
py3.12 \| macos \| unit tests	7m 58s
py3.12 \| ubuntu \| integration tests	34m 8s
py3.12 \| ubuntu \| unit tests	12m 41s
py3.12 \| windows \| integration tests	32m 28s
py3.12 \| windows \| unit tests	21m 59s
py3.10 \| ubuntu \| unit tests	12m 30s
py3.11 \| ubuntu \| unit tests	12m 6s
	2h 33m 6s

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