Type annotations, mypy config, pydoclint setup, and other changes #17

Job	Run time
mypy	3m 42s
py3.12 \| macos \| unit tests	9m 22s
py3.12 \| macos \| integration tests	18m 30s
py3.12 \| ubuntu \| unit tests	12m 50s
py3.12 \| ubuntu \| integration tests	18m 7s
py3.12 \| windows \| unit tests	20m 44s
py3.12 \| windows \| integration tests	24m 44s
py3.10 \| ubuntu \| unit tests	12m 18s
py3.11 \| ubuntu \| unit tests	12m 16s
	2h 12m 33s

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