ruff formatting

solutions/README.md

@@ -1 +1,150 @@
 # Solutions
+
+## This file contains a brief on the challenges completed by Group 18 Team
+
+### factorial
+
+- **description:** A module for Computing the factorial of
+  a non-negative integer n.
+
+- **written by:** Saad (sashour82)
+
+- **reviewed by:** Luyandochitindi (Luyando-Chitindi)
+
+### is_palinrome
+
+- **description:** A module for checking if a given string is
+  a palindrome (reads the same backward as forward).
+
+- **written by:** Saad (sashour82)
+
+- **reviewed by:** Falaq (FalaqMajeed)
+
+### is_even
+
+- **description:** A module that contains a function that checks if a number is even.
+
+- **written by:** Luyandochitindi (Luyando-Chitindi)
+
+- **reviewed by:** Mohammed (Moealfadil)
+
+### is_positive
+
+- **description:** A module that contains a function that checks if a number is positive.
+
+- **written by:** Luyandochitindi (Luyando-Chitindi)
+
+- **reviewed by:** Muna (Muna-S)
+
+### mean
+
+- **description:** Calculates the mean of numbers in a list
+
+- **written by:** Mohammed (Moealfadil)
+
+- **reviewed by:** Falaq (FalaqMajeed)
+
+### is_prime
+
+- **description:** Checks if a number is prime or not
+
+- **written by:** Mohammed (Moealfadil)
+
+- **reviewed by:** Luyandochitindi (Luyando-Chitindi)
+
+### cumulative_sum
+
+- **description:** Calculates the cumulative sum of a list by iterating
+  through its elements and maintaining a running total
+
+- **written by:** Falaq (FalaqMajeed)
+
+- **reviewed by:** Mohammed (Moealfadil)
+
+### list_to_string
+
+- **description:** Converts a list into a single string
+
+- **written by:** Falaq (FalaqMajeed)
+
+- **reviewed by:** Raghad (raghad598)
+
+### max_in
+
+- **description:** Find the maximum number in a list
+
+- **written by:** TagwaHashim (TagwaHashim)
+
+- **reviewed by:** Raghad (raghad598)
+
+### sum_of
+
+- **description:** Calculate the summation of two numbers
+
+- **written by:** TagwaHashim (TagwaHashim)
+
+- **reviewed by:** Muna (Muna-S)
+
+### binary_to_decimal
+
+- **description:** Give the decimal number for a binary
+
+- **written by:** Muna (Muna-S)
+
+- **reviewed by:** TagwaHashim (TagwaHashim), Falaq (FalaqMajeed), Saad (sashour82)
+
+### leap_year
+
+- **description:** Checks whether a year is a leap year
+
+- **written by:** Muna (Muna-S)
+
+- **reviewed by:** TagwaHashim (TagwaHashim)
+
+### remove_duplicates
+
+- **description:** Take a list and return it without any repeated values
+
+- **written by:** Heba (HebaShaheen)
+
+- **reviewed by:** Saad (sashour82)
+
+### binary_decimal_conversion
+
+- **description:** Gives the binary number for a decimal and vice versa
+
+- **written by:** Heba (HebaShaheen)
+
+- **reviewed by:** Saad (sashour82)
+
+### count_words
+
+- **description:** Counts the number of words in a string
+
+- **written by:** Raghad (raghad598)
+
+- **reviewed by:** Saad (sashour82)
+
+### area_of_circle
+
+- **description:** Calculates the area of a circle given its radius
+
+- **written by:** Raghad (raghad598)
+
+- **reviewed by:** Heba (HebaShaheen), Mohammed (Moealfadil)
+
+### hex_to_binary
+
+- **description:** Converts a hexadecimal string to its binary equivalent
+
+- **written by:** Marc (MarcDarazi99)
+
+- **reviewed by:** Mohammed (Moealfadil)
+
+### binary_to_hex
+
+- **description:** Converts a binary string to its hexadecimal equivalent
+
+- **written by:** Marc (MarcDarazi99)
+
+- **reviewed by:** Mohammed (Moealfadil), Heba (HebaShaheen), Falaq (FalaqMajeed)

solutions/area_of_circle.py

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+"""
+A module for calculating the area of a circle.
+
+Module contents:
+    - area_of_circle: calculates the area of a circle given its radius.
+
+Created on 01 04 2025
+@author: Raghad
+"""
+
+import math
+
+
+# Define a function to calculate the area of a circle.
+def area_of_circle(radius: float) -> float:
+    """Calculate the area of a circle given its radius.
+
+    Parameters:
+        radius: float, the radius of the circle
+
+    Returns -> float: area of the circle
+
+    Raises:
+        ValueError: if the radius is negative
+
+    Examples:
+        >>> area_of_circle(5)
+        78.53981633974483
+        >>> area_of_circle(0)
+        0.0
+        >>> area_of_circle(3.5)
+        38.48451000647496
+    """
+    # Raise an error if the radius is negative.
+    if radius < 0:
+        raise ValueError("Radius cannot be negative")
+
+    # Calculate and return the area using the formula: area = π * r^2
+    return math.pi * radius**2
+
+
+# Entry point for script execution
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    # Example usage: Calculate the area of a circle with a radius of 5.
+    radius = 5
+    area = area_of_circle(radius)
+    print("Area of the circle:", area)

solutions/binary_to_hex.py

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+"""
+Module: Binary to Hexadecimal Converter
+
+This module provides a utility function to convert binary strings to their
+corresponding hexadecimal representations. It validates the input to ensure
+that it contains only binary digits (0s and 1s) and performs the conversion
+accurately.
+
+@author: Marc Darazi
+"""
+
+
+def binary_to_hex(binary_str):
+    """
+    Convert a binary string to its hexadecimal representation.
+
+    Parameters:
+        binary_str (str): A string of 0s and 1s representing a binary number.
+
+    Returns:
+        str: The hexadecimal representation of the binary number.
+
+    Raises:
+        ValueError: If the input is not a valid binary string.
+
+    Example:
+        >>> binary_to_hex("1101")
+        'D'
+        >>> binary_to_hex("11110000")
+        'F0'
+        >>> binary_to_hex("101010101010")
+        'AAA'
+    """
+    # Validate input
+    if not all(char in "01" for char in binary_str):
+        raise ValueError("Input must be a binary string containing only 0s and 1s.")
+
+    # Convert binary string to integer
+    decimal_value = int(binary_str, 2)
+
+    # Convert integer to hexadecimal string and return
+    return hex(decimal_value)[2:].upper()

solutions/hex_to_binary.py

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+"""
+This module provides a utility function to convert a hexadecimal string
+to its binary representation.
+
+Functions:
+- hex_to_binary: Converts a hexadecimal string to its binary equivalent.
+
+Author: Marc Darazi
+"""
+
+
+def hex_to_binary(hex_string):
+    """
+    Convert a hexadecimal string to its binary representation.
+
+    Parameters:
+        hex_string (str): A string representing a hexadecimal number.
+        It can include a leading '0x' prefix or not.
+
+    Returns:
+        str: A binary string representation of the given hexadecimal number,
+        with leading zeros preserved.
+
+    Raises:
+        ValueError: If the input string is not a valid hexadecimal number.
+
+    Example:
+        >>> hex_to_binary("1A")
+        '11010'
+        >>> hex_to_binary("0xFF")
+        '11111111'
+        >>> hex_to_binary("0x0")
+        '0'
+    """
+    # Remove '0x' prefix if present
+    if hex_string.startswith("0x"):
+        hex_string = hex_string[2:]
+
+    try:
+        # Convert to integer, then to binary
+        binary_string = bin(int(hex_string, 16))[2:]  # Remove '0b' prefix
+        return binary_string
+    except ValueError:
+        raise ValueError("Invalid hexadecimal string")

solutions/IsPrime.py → solutions/is_prime.py

@@ -1,36 +1,36 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python3
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 """
-A module for finding if an integer is prime.
+Module for finding if an integer is prime.
 
 Module contents:
-    - IsPrime: finds if an integer is prime.
+    - is_prime: finds if an integer is prime.
 
 Created on XX XX XX
 @author: Mohammed Elfadil
 """
 
 
-def IsPrime(a: int) -> str:
+def is_prime(a: int) -> str:
     """Checks if an integer is prime.
     Parameter:
         a: int
     Return -> str: whether a is prime or not
     Raises:
         AssertionError: if the argument is not an integer
-    >>> IsPrime(0)
+    >>> is_prime(0)
     not prime
-    >>> IsPrime(1)
+    >>> is_prime(1)
     not prime
-    >>> IsPrime(2)
+    >>> is_prime(2)
     prime
-    >>> IsPrime(4)
+    >>> is_prime(4)
     not prime
-    >>> IsPrime(7)
+    >>> is_prime(7)
     prime
-    >>> IsPrime(2.5)
+    >>> is_prime(2.5)
     invalid input
-    >>> IsPrime(-1)
+    >>> is_prime(-1)
     not prime
     """
     if not isinstance(a, int):

solutions/leap_year.py

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+"""
+The module checks whether a given year is a leap year.
+create by Muna Sattouf on January 9, 2025
+Completed on January 10, 2024
+
+A year is a leap year if it is divisible by 4,
+and if it is divisible by 100, it must also be divisible by 400.
+"""
+
+
+def leap_year(year: int) -> bool:
+    """
+    Checks whether the given year is a leap year.
+
+    Argument:
+    year, a positive integer
+
+    Returns:
+    boolean: True if the year is a leap year, false otherwise.
+
+    Examples:
+    >>> leap_year(2024)
+    True
+    >>> leap_year(1900)
+    False
+    >>> leap_year(2021)
+    False
+    """
+    if not isinstance(year, int):
+        raise ValueError("Year must be an integer")
+    if year < 0:
+        raise ValueError("Year must be positive integer")
+
+    return year % 4 == 0 and (year % 100 != 0 or year % 400 == 0)