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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" dir="ltr">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>DOM Parsing and Serialization</title>
<style>
/* Make these stand-out more... */
.externalDFN {
font-style: italic;
background-color: #fff9d6;
}
/* Switch statement */
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content: "↪ ";
margin-left: 1em;
}
/* Better spacing around various lists (implied paragraph children) */
ol > li, section:not(#toc) ul > li, section dl > dt {
margin: 1em 0;
}
/* domintro styling */
dl.domintro {
background-color: rgb(221, 255, 221);
padding: 1em 0.5em 1em 2em;
clear: both;
}
dl.domintro dt {
color: black;
}
dl.domintro > dd {
color: green;
}
dl.domintro::before {
float: right;
background-color: white;
display: block;
border: 2px solid black;
color: green;
margin-top: -20px;
padding: 2px;
content: "This box is non-normative. Implementation requirements are given below this box.";
}
/* Fancy table stuff */
table {
border-collapse: collapse;
}
thead tr {
border-bottom: 2px solid black;
}
tbody tr:not(:last-child) {
border-bottom: 1px solid black;
}
td {
border-left: 1px solid black;
padding: 4px;
}
/* Extra IDL :-) */
.extraidl {
line-height: 120%;
padding: 1em;
border-top: 1px solid #90b8de;
border-bottom: 1px solid #90b8de;
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width: 150px;
color: #fff;
padding: 3px;
font-weight: bold;
font-family: initial;
margin: -1em 0 1em -1em;
display: block;
content: "WebIDL";
background-color: rgb(144, 184, 222);
}
</style>
<style>/*****************************************************************
* ReSpec 3 CSS
* Robin Berjon - http://berjon.com/
*****************************************************************/
/* --- INLINES --- */
em.rfc2119 {
text-transform: lowercase;
font-variant: small-caps;
font-style: normal;
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}
h1 acronym, h2 acronym, h3 acronym, h4 acronym, h5 acronym, h6 acronym, a acronym,
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color: inherit;
border-bottom: 1px solid #99c;
text-decoration: none;
}
a.externalDFN {
color: inherit;
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text-decoration: none;
}
a.bibref {
text-decoration: none;
}
cite .bibref {
font-style: normal;
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code {
color: #ff4500;
}
/* --- --- */
ol.algorithm { counter-reset:numsection; list-style-type: none; }
ol.algorithm li { margin: 0.5em 0; }
ol.algorithm li:before { font-weight: bold; counter-increment: numsection; content: counters(numsection, ".") ") "; }
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a .secno, a .figno {
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color: #fff;
padding: 3px 5px;
text-align: left;
}
.simple th[scope="row"] {
background: inherit;
color: inherit;
border-top: 1px solid #ddd;
}
.simple td {
padding: 3px 10px;
border-top: 1px solid #ddd;
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.simple tr:nth-child(even) {
background: #f0f6ff;
}
/* --- DL --- */
.section dd > p:first-child {
margin-top: 0;
}
.section dd > p:last-child {
margin-bottom: 0;
}
.section dd {
margin-bottom: 1em;
}
.section dl.attrs dd, .section dl.eldef dd {
margin-bottom: 0;
}
</style><style>/* --- ISSUES/NOTES --- */
div.issue-title, div.note-title {
padding-right: 1em;
min-width: 7.5em;
color: #b9ab2d;
}
div.issue-title { color: #e05252; }
div.note-title { color: #52e052; }
div.issue-title span, div.note-title span {
text-transform: uppercase;
}
div.note, div.issue {
margin-top: 1em;
margin-bottom: 1em;
}
.note > p:first-child, .issue > p:first-child { margin-top: 0 }
.issue, .note {
padding: .5em;
border-left-width: .5em;
border-left-style: solid;
}
div.issue, div.note {
padding: 0.5em;
margin: 1em 0;
position: relative;
clear: both;
}
span.note, span.issue { padding: .1em .5em .15em; }
.issue {
border-color: #e05252;
background: #fbe9e9;
}
.note {
border-color: #52e052;
background: #e9fbe9;
}
</style><style>/* --- WEB IDL --- */
pre.idl {
border-top: 1px solid #90b8de;
border-bottom: 1px solid #90b8de;
padding: 1em;
line-height: 120%;
}
pre.idl::before {
content: "WebIDL";
display: block;
width: 150px;
background: #90b8de;
color: #fff;
font-family: initial;
padding: 3px;
font-weight: bold;
margin: -1em 0 1em -1em;
}
.idlType {
color: #ff4500;
font-weight: bold;
text-decoration: none;
}
/*.idlModule*/
/*.idlModuleID*/
/*.idlInterface*/
.idlInterfaceID, .idlDictionaryID, .idlCallbackID, .idlEnumID {
font-weight: bold;
color: #005a9c;
}
.idlSuperclass {
font-style: italic;
color: #005a9c;
}
/*.idlAttribute*/
.idlAttrType, .idlFieldType, .idlMemberType {
color: #005a9c;
}
.idlAttrName, .idlFieldName, .idlMemberName {
color: #ff4500;
}
.idlAttrName a, .idlFieldName a, .idlMemberName a {
color: #ff4500;
border-bottom: 1px dotted #ff4500;
text-decoration: none;
}
/*.idlMethod*/
.idlMethType, .idlCallbackType {
color: #005a9c;
}
.idlMethName {
color: #ff4500;
}
.idlMethName a {
color: #ff4500;
border-bottom: 1px dotted #ff4500;
text-decoration: none;
}
/*.idlParam*/
.idlParamType {
color: #005a9c;
}
.idlParamName {
font-style: italic;
}
.extAttr {
color: #666;
}
/*.idlConst*/
.idlConstType {
color: #005a9c;
}
.idlConstName {
color: #ff4500;
}
.idlConstName a {
color: #ff4500;
border-bottom: 1px dotted #ff4500;
text-decoration: none;
}
/*.idlException*/
.idlExceptionID {
font-weight: bold;
color: #c00;
}
.idlTypedefID, .idlTypedefType {
color: #005a9c;
}
.idlRaises, .idlRaises a.idlType, .idlRaises a.idlType code, .excName a, .excName a code {
color: #c00;
font-weight: normal;
}
.excName a {
font-family: monospace;
}
.idlRaises a.idlType, .excName a.idlType {
border-bottom: 1px dotted #c00;
}
.excGetSetTrue, .excGetSetFalse, .prmNullTrue, .prmNullFalse, .prmOptTrue, .prmOptFalse {
width: 45px;
text-align: center;
}
.excGetSetTrue, .prmNullTrue, .prmOptTrue { color: #0c0; }
.excGetSetFalse, .prmNullFalse, .prmOptFalse { color: #c00; }
.idlImplements a {
font-weight: bold;
}
dl.attributes, dl.methods, dl.constants, dl.fields, dl.dictionary-members {
margin-left: 2em;
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}
.attributes dt code, .methods dt code, .constants dt code, .fields dt code, .dictionary-members dt code {
font-weight: bold;
color: #000;
font-family: monospace;
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background: #ffffd2;
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.attributes dt .idlAttrType code, .fields dt .idlFieldType code, .dictionary-members dt .idlMemberType code {
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background: transparent;
font-family: inherit;
font-weight: normal;
font-style: italic;
}
.methods dt code {
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.constants dt code {
background: #ddffd2;
}
.attributes dd, .methods dd, .constants dd, .fields dd, .dictionary-members dd {
margin-bottom: 1em;
}
table.parameters, table.exceptions {
border-spacing: 0;
border-collapse: collapse;
margin: 0.5em 0;
width: 100%;
}
table.parameters { border-bottom: 1px solid #90b8de; }
table.exceptions { border-bottom: 1px solid #deb890; }
.parameters th, .exceptions th {
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font-weight: normal;
text-shadow: #666 1px 1px 0;
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}
.parameters td.prmType {
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}
table.exceptions table {
border-spacing: 0;
border-collapse: collapse;
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}
</style><link href="http://www.w3.org/StyleSheets/TR/W3C-WD" rel="stylesheet"><!--[if lt IE 9]><script src='undefined://www.w3.org/2008/site/js/html5shiv.js'></script><![endif]--></head>
<body><div class="head">
<p>
<a href="http://www.w3.org/"><img width="72" height="48" alt="W3C" src="http://www.w3.org/Icons/w3c_home"></a>
</p>
<h1 class="title" id="title">DOM Parsing and Serialization</h1>
<h2 id="w3c-working-draft-20-september-2012"><abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Working Draft 20 September 2012</h2>
<dl>
<dt>This version:</dt>
<dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/WD-DOM-Parsing-20120920/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/WD-DOM-Parsing-20120920/</a></dd>
<dt>Latest published version:</dt>
<dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/DOM-Parsing/">http://www.w3.org/TR/DOM-Parsing/</a></dd>
<dt>Latest editor's draft:</dt>
<dd><a href="http://dvcs.w3.org/hg/innerhtml/raw-file/tip/index.html">http://dvcs.w3.org/hg/innerhtml/raw-file/tip/index.html</a></dd>
<dt>Editors:</dt>
<dd><a href="mailto:[email protected]?subject=%5BDOMParsing%5D%20Spec%20Feedback">Travis Leithead</a>, <a href="http://www.microsoft.com">Microsoft Corp.</a></dd>
<dd><a href="mailto:[email protected]">Ms2ger</a></dd>
</dl>
<p class="copyright">
<a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#Copyright">Copyright</a> ©
2012
<a href="http://www.w3.org/"><abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr></a><sup>®</sup>
(<a href="http://www.csail.mit.edu/"><abbr title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">MIT</abbr></a>,
<a href="http://www.ercim.eu/"><abbr title="European Research Consortium for Informatics and Mathematics">ERCIM</abbr></a>,
<a href="http://www.keio.ac.jp/">Keio</a>), All Rights Reserved.
<abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#Legal_Disclaimer">liability</a>,
<a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#W3C_Trademarks">trademark</a> and
<a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/copyright-documents">document use</a> rules apply.
</p>
<hr>
</div>
<section class="introductory" id="abstract"><h2>Abstract</h2>
<p>This specification defines various APIs for programmatic access to
HTML and generic XML parsers by web applications for use in parsing
and serializing DOM nodes</p>
</section><section class="introductory" id="sotd"><h2>Status of This Document</h2>
<p>
<em>This section describes the status of this document at the time of its publication. Other
documents may supersede this document. A list of current <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> publications and the latest revision
of this technical report can be found in the <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/"><abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> technical reports
index</a> at http://www.w3.org/TR/.</em>
</p>
<p>
Comments submitted in regard to this document should have their subject line prefixed with the string <q>[DOM-Parsing]</q> to help facilitate tracking on the
<a href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-dom/">www-dom mailing list</a>.
</p>
<p>
This document was published by the <a href="http://www.w3.org/2008/webapps/">Web Applications Working Group</a> as a First Public Working Draft.
This document is intended to become a <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Recommendation.
If you wish to make comments regarding this document, please send them to
<a href="mailto:[email protected]">[email protected]</a>
(<a href="mailto:[email protected]?subject=subscribe">subscribe</a>,
<a href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-dom/">archives</a>).
All feedback is welcome.
</p>
<p>
Publication as a Working Draft does not imply endorsement by the <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Membership.
This is a draft document and may be updated, replaced or obsoleted by other documents at
any time. It is inappropriate to cite this document as other than work in progress.
</p>
<p>
This document was produced by a group operating under the
<a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/">5 February 2004 <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Patent Policy</a>.
<abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> maintains a <a href="http://www.w3.org/2004/01/pp-impl/42538/status" rel="disclosure">public list of any patent disclosures</a>
made in connection with the deliverables of the group; that page also includes instructions for
disclosing a patent. An individual who has actual knowledge of a patent which the individual believes contains
<a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/#def-essential">Essential Claim(s)</a> must disclose the
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</p>
</section><section id="toc"><h2 class="introductory">Table of Contents</h2><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#conformance"><span class="secno">1. </span>Conformance</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#dependencies"><span class="secno">1.1 </span>Dependencies</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#extensibility"><span class="secno">1.2 </span>Extensibility</a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#terminology"><span class="secno">2. </span>Terminology</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#parsing-and-serializing-nodes"><span class="secno">3. </span>Parsing and serializing <span title="node" class="formerLink" data-spec="DOM4">Node</span>s</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#parsing"><span class="secno">3.1 </span>Parsing</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#serializing"><span class="secno">3.2 </span>Serializing</a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#the-domparser-interface"><span class="secno">4. </span>The <code>DOMParser</code> interface</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#methods"><span class="secno">4.1 </span>Methods</a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#the-xmlserializer-interface"><span class="secno">5. </span>The <code>XMLSerializer</code> interface</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#methods-1"><span class="secno">5.1 </span>Methods</a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#extensions-to-the-element-interface"><span class="secno">6. </span>Extensions to the <code><span title="element" class="formerLink" data-spec="DOM4">Element</span></code> interface</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#attributes"><span class="secno">6.1 </span>Attributes</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#methods-2"><span class="secno">6.2 </span>Methods</a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#extensions-to-the-text-interface"><span class="secno">7. </span>Extensions to the <code><span title="text" class="formerLink" data-spec="DOM4">Text</span></code> interface</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#attributes-1"><span class="secno">7.1 </span>Attributes</a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#extensions-to-the-range-interface"><span class="secno">8. </span>Extensions to the <code><span title="range" class="formerLink" data-spec="DOM4">Range</span></code> interface</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#methods-3"><span class="secno">8.1 </span>Methods</a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#acknowledgements"><span class="secno">A. </span>Acknowledgements</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#references"><span class="secno">B. </span>References</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#normative-references"><span class="secno">B.1 </span>Normative references</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#informative-references"><span class="secno">B.2 </span>Informative references</a></li></ul></li></ul></section>
<section id="issues" class="introductory">
<h1>Issues</h1>
<p>Various issues are listed in the rest of the document.</p>
<div class="issue"><div class="issue-title"><span>Issue 1</span></div><p>This specification currently requires using the XML
Parser for some APIs, when in an XML document. It is unclear whether
consensus can be found for this approach.</p></div>
</section>
<section id="conformance"><!--OddPage--><h2><span class="secno">1. </span>Conformance</h2>
<p>
As well as sections marked as non-normative, all authoring guidelines, diagrams, examples,
and notes in this specification are non-normative. Everything else in this specification is
normative.
</p>
<p>
The key words <em title="must" class="rfc2119">must</em>, <em title="must not" class="rfc2119">must not</em>, <em title="required" class="rfc2119">required</em>, <em title="should" class="rfc2119">should</em>, <em title="should not" class="rfc2119">should not</em>, <em title="recommended" class="rfc2119">recommended</em>, <em title="may" class="rfc2119">may</em>,
and <em title="optional" class="rfc2119">optional</em> in this specification are to be interpreted as described in [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RFC2119">RFC2119</a></cite>].
</p>
<p>Requirements phrased in the imperative as part of algorithms
(such as "strip any leading space characters" or "return false and
terminate these steps") are to be interpreted with the meaning of the
key word ("must", "should", "may", etc) used in introducing the
algorithm.</p>
<p>Conformance requirements phrased as algorithms or specific steps
may be implemented in any manner, so long as the end result is
equivalent. (In particular, the algorithms defined in this
specification are intended to be easy to follow, and not intended to
be performant.)</p>
<p id="hardwareLimitations">User agents may impose
implementation-specific limits on otherwise unconstrained inputs,
e.g. to prevent denial of service attacks, to guard against running
out of memory, or to work around platform-specific limitations.</p>
<p>When a method or an attribute is said to call another method or
attribute, the user agent must invoke its internal API for that
attribute or method so that e.g. the author can't change the behavior
by overriding attributes or methods with custom properties or functions
in ECMAScript.</p>
<p>Unless otherwise stated, string comparisons are done in a <a title="case-sensitive" class="externalDFN" data-spec="DOM4">
case-sensitive</a> manner.</p>
<p>If an algorithm calls into another algorithm, any exception that is
thrown by the latter (unless it is explicitly caught), must cause the
former to terminate, and the exception to be propagated up to
<em>its</em> caller.</p>
<section id="dependencies">
<h3><span class="secno">1.1 </span>Dependencies</h3>
<p>The IDL fragments in this specification must be interpreted as
required for conforming IDL fragments, as described in the Web IDL
specification. [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-WEBIDL">WEBIDL</a></cite>]</p>
<p>Some of the terms used in this specification are defined in
[<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-DOM4">DOM4</a></cite>], [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-HTML5">HTML5</a></cite>], and [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-XML10">XML10</a></cite>].
</p></section>
<section id="extensibility">
<h3><span class="secno">1.2 </span>Extensibility</h3>
<p>Vendor-specific proprietary extensions to this specification are
strongly discouraged. Authors must not use such extensions, as
doing so reduces interoperability and fragments the user base,
allowing only users of specific user agents to access the content in
question.</p>
<p>If vendor-specific extensions are needed, the members should be
prefixed by vendor-specific strings to prevent clashes with future
versions of this specification. Extensions must be defined so that
the use of extensions neither contradicts nor causes the
non-conformance of functionality defined in the specification.</p>
<p>When vendor-neutral extensions to this specification are needed,
either this specification can be updated accordingly, or an
extension specification can be written that overrides the
requirements in this specification. When someone applying this
specification to their activities decides that they will recognise
the requirements of such an extension specification, it becomes an
<dfn title="other applicable specifications" id="dfn-other-applicable-specifications">applicable
specification</dfn> for the purposes of conformance requirements in
this specification.</p>
<!-- http://www.w3.org/mid/[email protected] -->
</section>
</section>
<section id="terminology">
<!--OddPage--><h2><span class="secno">2. </span>Terminology</h2>
<p>The term <dfn id="dfn-context-object">context object</dfn> means the object on which the method or
attribute being discussed was called.
</p></section>
<section id="parsing-and-serializing-nodes">
<!--OddPage--><h2><span class="secno">3. </span>Parsing and serializing <a title="node" class="externalDFN" data-spec="DOM4">Node</a>s</h2>
<section id="parsing">
<h3><span class="secno">3.1 </span>Parsing</h3>
<p>The following steps form the
<dfn title="concept-parse-fragment" id="dfn-concept-parse-fragment">fragment parsing algorithm</dfn>, whose
arguments are a <var>markup</var> string and a
<var>context element</var>.
<ol>
<li>
<p>If the <var>context element</var>'s
<a title="concept-node-document" class="externalDFN" data-spec="DOM4">node document</a>
is an <a title="html-document" class="externalDFN" data-spec="DOM4">HTML document</a>: let
<var>algorithm</var> be the
<a title="html-fragment-parsing-algorithm" class="externalDFN" data-spec="HTML5">HTML
fragment parsing algorithm</a>.</p>
<p>If the <var>context element</var>'s
<a title="concept-node-document" class="externalDFN" data-spec="DOM4">node document</a>
is an <a title="xml-document" class="externalDFN" data-spec="DOM4">XML document</a>: let
<var>algorithm</var> be the
<a title="xml-fragment-parsing-algorithm" class="externalDFN" data-spec="HTML5">XML
fragment parsing algorithm</a>.</p>
</li>
<li>Invoke <var>algorithm</var> with <var>markup</var> as
the <var>input</var>, and <var>context element</var> as the
<var><a title="concept-frag-parse-context" class="externalDFN" data-spec="HTML5">context</a></var>
element.</li>
<li>Let <var>new children</var> be the nodes returned.</li>
<li>Let <var>fragment</var> be a new
<code><a title="documentfragment" class="externalDFN" data-spec="DOM4">DocumentFragment</a></code> whose
<a title="concept-node-document" class="externalDFN" data-spec="DOM4">node document</a>
is <var>context element</var>'s
<a title="concept-node-document" class="externalDFN" data-spec="DOM4">node document</a>.
<li><a title="concept-node-append" class="externalDFN" data-spec="DOM4">Append</a>
each <a title="concept-node" class="externalDFN" data-spec="DOM4">node</a> in
<var>new children</var> to <var>fragment</var> (in order).
<div class="note"><div class="note-title"><span>Note</span></div><p>This ensures the
<a title="concept-node-document" class="externalDFN" data-spec="DOM4">node document</a>
for the new <a title="concept-node" class="externalDFN" data-spec="DOM4">nodes</a> is correct.
</p></div><li>Return <var>fragment</var>.
</li></ol>
</section>
<section id="serializing">
<h3><span class="secno">3.2 </span>Serializing</h3>
<p>To <dfn title="concept-serialize" id="dfn-concept-serialize">serialize</dfn> a
<a title="node" class="externalDFN" data-spec="DOM4">Node</a> <var>node</var>, the user agent
must run the following steps:
<ol>
<li>Let <var>document</var> be <var>node</var>'s
<a title="concept-node-document" class="externalDFN" data-spec="DOM4">node document</a>.
<li>If <var>document</var> is an
<a title="html-document" class="externalDFN" data-spec="DOM4">HTML document</a>, return an
<a title="concept-serialize-html" class="internalDFN" href="#dfn-concept-serialize-html">HTML serialization</a> of
<var>node</var>.
<li>Otherwise, <var>document</var> is an
<a title="xml-document" class="externalDFN" data-spec="DOM4">XML document</a>. Return an
<a title="concept-serialize-xml" class="internalDFN" href="#dfn-concept-serialize-xml">XML serialization</a> of
<var>node</var>.
</li></ol>
<p>To <dfn title="concept-serialize-html" id="dfn-concept-serialize-html">produce an HTML serialization</dfn> of a
<a title="node" class="externalDFN" data-spec="DOM4">Node</a> <var>node</var>, the user agent
must run the appropriate steps, depending on <var>node</var>'s interface:
<dl class="switch">
<dt><code><a title="element" class="externalDFN" data-spec="DOM4">Element</a></code>
<dt><code><a title="document" class="externalDFN" data-spec="DOM4">Document</a></code>
<dt><code><a title="documentfragment" class="externalDFN" data-spec="DOM4">DocumentFragment</a></code>
<dd><p>Run the
<a title="html-fragment-serialization-algorithm" class="externalDFN" data-spec="HTML5">HTML fragment serialization algorithm</a> on
<var>node</var>. Return the returned string.
</p><dt><code><a title="comment" class="externalDFN" data-spec="DOM4">Comment</a></code>
<dt><code><a title="text" class="externalDFN" data-spec="DOM4">Text</a></code>
<dt><code><a title="documenttype" class="externalDFN" data-spec="DOM4">DocumentType</a></code>
<dt><code><a title="processinginstruction" class="externalDFN" data-spec="DOM4">ProcessingInstruction</a></code>
<dd><div class="issue"><div class="issue-title"><span>Issue 2</span></div>Define how these are serialized...</div>
</dd></dl>
<p>To <dfn title="concept-serialize-xml" id="dfn-concept-serialize-xml">produce an XML serialization</dfn> of a
<a title="node" class="externalDFN" data-spec="DOM4">Node</a> <var>node</var>, the user agent
must run the appropriate steps, depending on <var>node</var>'s interface:</p>
<dl class="switch">
<dt><code><a title="element" class="externalDFN" data-spec="DOM4">Element</a></code>
<dd>
<p>Return the concatenation of the following strings:
<ol>
<li>"<code><</code>" (U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN);
<li>the value of <var>node</var>'s
<code><a title="dom-Element-tagName" class="externalDFN" data-spec="DOM4">tagName</a></code>
attribute;
<div class="issue"><div class="issue-title"><span>Issue 3</span></div><p>escaping / throwing
</p></div><li>the <a title="concept-serialize-xml-attributes" class="internalDFN" href="#dfn-concept-serialize-xml-attributes">XML serialization of
<var>node</var>'s attributes</a>;
<li>"<code>></code>" (U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN);
<li>the <a title="concept-serialize-xml" class="internalDFN" href="#dfn-concept-serialize-xml">serialization</a> of
<var>node</var>'s
<a title="concept-tree-child" class="externalDFN" data-spec="DOM4">children</a>, in
order;
<li>"<code></</code>" (U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN, U+002F SOLIDUS);
<li>the value of <var>node</var>'s
<code><a title="dom-Element-tagName" class="externalDFN" data-spec="DOM4">tagName</a></code>
attribute;
<li>"<code>></code>" (U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN).
</li></ol>
<dt><code><a title="document" class="externalDFN" data-spec="DOM4">Document</a></code>
<dd>
<p>Run the
<a title="xml-fragment-serialization-algorithm" class="externalDFN" data-spec="HTML5">XML fragment serialization algorithm</a> on
<var>node</var>. Return the string this produced.
</p><dt><code><a title="comment" class="externalDFN" data-spec="DOM4">Comment</a></code>
<dd>
<p>Let <var>markup</var> the concatenation of "<code><!--</code>", <var>node</var>'s
<code><a title="dom-characterdata-data" class="externalDFN" data-spec="DOM4">data</a></code>, and
"<code>--></code>".
<p>If <var>markup</var> matches the
<code><a title="comment" class="externalDFN" data-spec="XML10">Comment</a></code> production, return
<var>markup</var>. Otherwise, throw a
<code><a title="domexception" class="externalDFN" data-spec="DOM4">DOMException</a></code>
with name <code>InvalidStateError</code>.
</p><dt><code><a title="text" class="externalDFN" data-spec="DOM4">Text</a></code>
<dd>
<p>Let <var>data</var> be <var>node</var>'s
<code><a title="dom-characterdata-data" class="externalDFN" data-spec="DOM4">data</a></code>.
<p>If <var>node</var> has its <a class="internalDFN" href="#dfn-serialize-as-cdata-flag">serialize as CDATA flag</a>
set, run the following steps:
<ol>
<li>If <var>data</var> doesn't match the
<code><a title="NT-CData" class="externalDFN" data-spec="XML10">CData</a></code> production, throw a
<code><a title="domexception" class="externalDFN" data-spec="DOM4">DOMException</a></code>
with name <code>InvalidStateError</code> and terminate the entire algorithm.
<li>Let <var>markup</var> be the concatenation of
"<code><![CDATA[</code>", <var>data</var>, and
"<code>]]></code>".
<li>Return <var>markup</var>.
</li></ol>
<p>Otherwise, return <var>data</var>.
</p><dt><code><a title="documentfragment" class="externalDFN" data-spec="DOM4">DocumentFragment</a></code>
<dd>
<p>Let <var>markup</var> the empty string.
<p>For each
<a title="concept-tree-child" class="externalDFN" data-spec="DOM4">child</a> of
<var>node</var>, in order,
<a title="concept-serialize-xml" class="internalDFN" href="#dfn-concept-serialize-xml">produce an XML serialization</a>
of the child and concatenate the result to <var>markup</var>.
<p>Return <var>markup</var>.
</p><dt><code><a title="documenttype" class="externalDFN" data-spec="DOM4">DocumentType</a></code>
<dt><code><a title="processinginstruction" class="externalDFN" data-spec="DOM4">ProcessingInstruction</a></code>
</dt>
<dd><div class="issue"><div class="issue-title"><span>Issue 4</span></div>TODO</div></dd>
</dl>
<p>The <dfn title="concept-serialize-xml-attributes" id="dfn-concept-serialize-xml-attributes">XML serialization of the attributes</dfn> of an
<a title="concept-element" class="externalDFN" data-spec="DOM4">element</a>
<var>element</var> is the result of the following algorithm:
<ol>
<li>Let <var>result</var> be the empty string.
<li>For each
<a title="concept-attribute" class="externalDFN" data-spec="DOM4">attribute</a>
<var>attr</var> in <var>element</var>
<a title="concept-element-attribute" class="externalDFN" data-spec="DOM4">attributes</a>,
in order, append the following strings to <var>result</var>:
<ol>
<li>"<code> </code>" (U+0020 SPACE);
<li><var>attr</var>'s
<a title="concept-attribute-name" class="externalDFN" data-spec="DOM4">name</a>;
<div class="issue"><div class="issue-title"><span>Issue 5</span></div><p>escaping / throwing
</p></div><li>"<code>="</code>" (U+003D EQUALS SIGN, U+0022 QUOTATION MARK);
<li><var>attr</var>'s
<a title="concept-attribute-value" class="externalDFN" data-spec="DOM4">value</a>;
<div class="issue"><div class="issue-title"><span>Issue 6</span></div><p>escaping / throwing
</p></div><li>"<code>"</code>" (U+0022 QUOTATION MARK).
</li></ol>
<li>Return <var>result</var>.
</li></ol>
</section>
</section>
<section id="the-domparser-interface">
<!--OddPage--><h2><span class="secno">4. </span>The <code>DOMParser</code> interface</h2>
<pre class="extraidl">enum <span class="idlInterfaceID">SupportedType</span> {
"text/html",
"text/xml",
"application/xml",
"application/xhtml+xml",
"image/svg+xml"
};</pre>
<p>The <dfn title="dom-DOMParser" id="dfn-dom-domparser"><code>DOMParser()</code></dfn> constructor
must return a new <code>DOMParser</code> object.
<pre class="idl"><span class="idlInterface" id="idl-def-DOMParser">[<span class="extAttr">Constructor</span>]
interface <span class="idlInterfaceID">DOMParser</span> {
<span class="idlMethod"> <span class="idlMethType"><a>Document</a></span> <span class="idlMethName"><a href="#widl-DOMParser-parseFromString-Document-DOMString-str-SupportedType-type">parseFromString</a></span> (<span class="idlParam"><span class="idlParamType"><a>DOMString</a></span> <span class="idlParamName">str</span></span>, <span class="idlParam"><span class="idlParamType"><a>SupportedType</a></span> <span class="idlParamName">type</span></span>);</span>
};</span></pre><section id="methods"><h3><span class="secno">4.1 </span>Methods</h3><dl class="methods"><dt id="widl-DOMParser-parseFromString-Document-DOMString-str-SupportedType-type"><code>parseFromString</code></dt><dd>
<p>The
<dfn title="dom-DOMParser-parseFromString" id="dfn-dom-domparser-parsefromstring"><code>parseFromString(<var>str</var>, <var>type</var>)</code></dfn>
method must run these steps, depending on <var>type</var>:
<dl class="switch">
<dt>"<code>text/html</code>"
<dd>
<p>Parse <var>str</var> with an
<code><a title="html-parser" class="externalDFN" data-spec="HTML5">HTML parser</a></code>, and return the newly
created <a title="concept-document" class="externalDFN" data-spec="DOM4">document</a>.
<p>The <a title="scripting-flag" class="externalDFN" data-spec="HTML5">scripting flag</a> must be set to
"disabled".
<div class="note"><div class="note-title"><span>Note</span></div><p><code><a title="meta" class="externalDFN" data-spec="HTML5">meta</a></code> elements are not
taken into account for the encoding used, as a Unicode stream is passed into
the parser.
</p></div><div class="note"><div class="note-title"><span>Note</span></div><p><code><a title="script" class="externalDFN" data-spec="HTML5">script</a></code> elements get marked
unexecutable and the contents of <code><a title="noscript" class="externalDFN" data-spec="HTML5">noscript</a></code>
get parsed as markup.
</p></div><dt>"<code>text/xml</code>"
<dt>"<code>application/xml</code>"
<dt>"<code>application/xhtml+xml</code>"
<dt>"<code>image/svg+xml</code>"
<dd>
<ol>
<li>Parse <var>str</var> with a namespace-enabled
<code><a title="xml-parser" class="externalDFN" data-spec="HTML5">XML parser</a></code>.
<li>If the previous step didn't return an error, return the newly
created <a title="concept-document" class="externalDFN" data-spec="DOM4">document</a>
and terminate these steps.
<li>Let <var>document</var> be a newly-created
<code><a title="xmldocument" class="externalDFN" data-spec="DOM4">XMLDocument</a></code>.
<li>
<p>Let <var>root</var> be a new
<code><a title="element" class="externalDFN" data-spec="DOM4">Element</a></code>, with its
<a title="concept-element-local-name" class="externalDFN" data-spec="DOM4">local name</a>
set to "<code>parsererror</code>" and its
<a title="concept-element-namespace" class="externalDFN" data-spec="DOM4">namespace</a>
set to
"<code>http://www.mozilla.org/newlayout/xml/parsererror.xml</code>".
<p>At this point user agents may
<a title="concept-node-append" class="externalDFN" data-spec="DOM4">append</a> nodes
to <var>root</var>, for example to describe the nature of the
error.
</p><li><a title="concept-node-append" class="externalDFN" data-spec="DOM4">Append</a>
<var>root</var> to <var>document</var>.
<li>Return <var>document</var>.
</li></ol>
</dd></dl>
<p>In any case, the returned
<a title="concept-document" class="externalDFN" data-spec="DOM4">document</a>'s
<a title="concept-document-content-type" class="externalDFN" data-spec="DOM4">content type</a>
must be the <var>type</var> argument.
<div class="issue"><div class="issue-title"><span>Issue 7</span></div><div>
<p>It is currently unclear what the
<a title="concept-document-url" class="externalDFN" data-spec="DOM4">URL</a> of the returned
<a title="concept-document" class="externalDFN" data-spec="DOM4">document</a> should be.
<p>Results for a <a href="http://software.hixie.ch/utilities/js/live-dom-viewer/saved/1322">test case</a>:
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th><th>Gecko<th>Opera<th>Chrome
</tr><tbody>
<tr>
<th>document.location <td colspan="3">null
<tr>
<th>document.URL <td>unsupported <td>unsupported <td>""
<tr>
<th>document.documentURI <td>Page URL <td>null <td>null
</tr></tbody></table>
<p>Anne van Kesteren suggests using the default, about:blank.
</p></div></div>
<div class="note"><div class="note-title"><span>Note</span></div><p>The returned
<a title="concept-document" class="externalDFN" data-spec="DOM4">document</a>'s
<a title="concept-document-encoding" class="externalDFN" data-spec="DOM4">encoding</a> is
the default, UTF-8.
</p></div><table class="parameters"><tr><th>Parameter</th><th>Type</th><th>Nullable</th><th>Optional</th><th>Description</th></tr><tr><td class="prmName">str</td><td class="prmType"><code><a>DOMString</a></code></td><td class="prmNullFalse">✘</td><td class="prmOptFalse">✘</td><td class="prmDesc"></td></tr><tr><td class="prmName">type</td><td class="prmType"><code><a>SupportedType</a></code></td><td class="prmNullFalse">✘</td><td class="prmOptFalse">✘</td><td class="prmDesc"></td></tr></table><div><em>Return type: </em><code><a>Document</a></code></div></dd></dl></section>
</section>
<section id="the-xmlserializer-interface">
<!--OddPage--><h2><span class="secno">5. </span>The <code>XMLSerializer</code> interface</h2>
<p>The <dfn title="dom-XMLSerializer" id="dfn-dom-xmlserializer"><code>XMLSerializer()</code></dfn>
constructor must return a new <code>XMLSerializer</code> object.
<pre class="idl"><span class="idlInterface" id="idl-def-XMLSerializer">[<span class="extAttr">Constructor</span>]
interface <span class="idlInterfaceID">XMLSerializer</span> {
<span class="idlMethod"> <span class="idlMethType"><a>DOMString</a></span> <span class="idlMethName"><a href="#widl-XMLSerializer-serializeToString-DOMString-Node-root">serializeToString</a></span> (<span class="idlParam"><span class="idlParamType"><a>Node</a></span> <span class="idlParamName">root</span></span>);</span>
};</span></pre><section id="methods-1"><h3><span class="secno">5.1 </span>Methods</h3><dl class="methods"><dt id="widl-XMLSerializer-serializeToString-DOMString-Node-root"><code>serializeToString</code></dt><dd>The <code>serializeToString(<var>root</var>)</code>
method must <a title="concept-serialize-xml" class="internalDFN" href="#dfn-concept-serialize-xml">produce an XML serialization</a> of <var>root</var> and return the result.<table class="parameters"><tr><th>Parameter</th><th>Type</th><th>Nullable</th><th>Optional</th><th>Description</th></tr><tr><td class="prmName">root</td><td class="prmType"><code><a>Node</a></code></td><td class="prmNullFalse">✘</td><td class="prmOptFalse">✘</td><td class="prmDesc"></td></tr></table><div><em>Return type: </em><code><a>DOMString</a></code></div></dd></dl></section>
</section>
<section id="extensions-to-the-element-interface">
<!--OddPage--><h2><span class="secno">6. </span>Extensions to the <code><a title="element" class="externalDFN" data-spec="DOM4">Element</a></code> interface</h2>
<!-- Remove the following pre when the enum parsing becomes available in WebIDL -->
<pre class="extraidl">enum <span class="idlInterfaceID">insertAdjacentHTMLPosition</span> {
"beforebegin",
"afterbegin",
"beforeend",
"afterend"
};</pre>
<pre class="idl"><span class="idlInterface" id="idl-def-Element">partial interface <span class="idlInterfaceID">Element</span> {