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RBAC Configuration

The RBAC feature enables restriction of access to Argo CD resources. Argo CD does not have its own user management system and has only one built-in user admin. The admin user is a superuser and it has unrestricted access to the system. RBAC requires SSO configuration or one or more local users setup. Once SSO or local users are configured, additional RBAC roles can be defined, and SSO groups or local users can then be mapped to roles.

Basic Built-in Roles

Argo CD has two pre-defined roles but RBAC configuration allows defining roles and groups (see below).

  • role:readonly - read-only access to all resources
  • role:admin - unrestricted access to all resources

These default built-in role definitions can be seen in builtin-policy.csv

RBAC Permission Structure

Breaking down the permissions definition differs slightly between applications and every other resource type in Argo CD.

  • All resources except application-specific permissions (see next bullet):

    p, <role/user/group>, <resource>, <action>, <object>

  • Applications, applicationsets, logs, and exec (which belong to an AppProject):

    p, <role/user/group>, <resource>, <action>, <appproject>/<object>

RBAC Resources and Actions

Resources: clusters, projects, applications, applicationsets, repositories, certificates, accounts, gpgkeys, logs, exec, extensions

Actions: get, create, update, delete, sync, override,action/<group/kind/action-name>

Note that sync, override, and action/<group/kind/action-name> only have meaning for the applications resource.

Application resources

The resource path for application objects is of the form <project-name>/<application-name>.

Delete access to sub-resources of a project, such as a rollout or a pod, cannot be managed granularly. <project-name>/<application-name> grants access to all subresources of an application.

The action action

The action action corresponds to either built-in resource customizations defined in the Argo CD repository, or to custom resource actions defined by you. The action path is of the form action/<api-group>/<Kind>/<action-name>. For example, a resource customization path resource_customizations/extensions/DaemonSet/actions/restart/action.lua corresponds to the action path action/extensions/DaemonSet/restart. You can also use glob patterns in the action path: action/* (or regex patterns if you have enabled the regex match mode).

If the resource is not under a group (for examples, Pods or ConfigMaps), then omit the group name from your RBAC configuration:

p, example-user, applications, action//Pod/maintenance-off, default/*, allow

The exec resource

exec is a special resource. When enabled with the create action, this privilege allows a user to exec into Pods via the Argo CD UI. The functionality is similar to kubectl exec.

See Web-based Terminal for more info.

The applicationsets resource

ApplicationSets provide a declarative way to automatically create/update/delete Applications.

Granting applicationsets, create effectively grants the ability to create Applications. While it doesn't allow the user to create Applications directly, they can create Applications via an ApplicationSet.

In v2.5, it is not possible to create an ApplicationSet with a templated Project field (e.g. project: {{path.basename}}) via the API (or, by extension, the CLI). Disallowing templated projects makes project restrictions via RBAC safe:

p, dev-group, applicationsets, *, dev-project/*, allow

With this rule in place, a dev-group user will be unable to create an ApplicationSet capable of creating Applications outside the dev-project project.

The extensions resource

With the extensions resource it is possible configure permissions to invoke proxy extensions. The extensions RBAC validation works in conjunction with the applications resource. A user logged in Argo CD (UI or CLI), needs to have at least read permission on the project, namespace and application where the request is originated from.

Consider the example below:

g, ext, role:extension
p, role:extension, applications, get, default/httpbin-app, allow
p, role:extension, extensions, invoke, httpbin, allow

Explanation:

  • line1: defines the group role:extension associated with the subject ext.
  • line2: defines a policy allowing this role to read (get) the httpbin-app application in the default project.
  • line3: defines another policy allowing this role to invoke the httpbin extension.

Note 1: that for extensions requests to be allowed, the policy defined in the line2 is also required.

Note 2: invoke is a new action introduced specifically to be used with the extensions resource. The current actions for extensions are * or invoke.

Tying It All Together

Additional roles and groups can be configured in argocd-rbac-cm ConfigMap. The example below configures a custom role, named org-admin. The role is assigned to any user which belongs to your-github-org:your-team group. All other users get the default policy of role:readonly, which cannot modify Argo CD settings.

!!! warning All authenticated users get at least the permissions granted by the default policy. This access cannot be blocked by a deny rule. Instead, restrict the default policy and then grant permissions to individual roles as needed.

ArgoCD ConfigMap argocd-rbac-cm Example:

apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: argocd-rbac-cm
  namespace: argocd
data:
  policy.default: role:readonly
  policy.csv: |
    p, role:org-admin, applications, *, */*, allow
    p, role:org-admin, clusters, get, *, allow
    p, role:org-admin, repositories, get, *, allow
    p, role:org-admin, repositories, create, *, allow
    p, role:org-admin, repositories, update, *, allow
    p, role:org-admin, repositories, delete, *, allow
    p, role:org-admin, projects, get, *, allow
    p, role:org-admin, projects, create, *, allow
    p, role:org-admin, projects, update, *, allow
    p, role:org-admin, projects, delete, *, allow
    p, role:org-admin, logs, get, *, allow
    p, role:org-admin, exec, create, */*, allow

    g, your-github-org:your-team, role:org-admin

Another policy.csv example might look as follows:

p, role:staging-db-admin, applications, create, staging-db-project/*, allow
p, role:staging-db-admin, applications, delete, staging-db-project/*, allow
p, role:staging-db-admin, applications, get, staging-db-project/*, allow
p, role:staging-db-admin, applications, override, staging-db-project/*, allow
p, role:staging-db-admin, applications, sync, staging-db-project/*, allow
p, role:staging-db-admin, applications, update, staging-db-project/*, allow
p, role:staging-db-admin, logs, get, staging-db-project/*, allow
p, role:staging-db-admin, exec, create, staging-db-project/*, allow
p, role:staging-db-admin, projects, get, staging-db-project, allow
g, db-admins, role:staging-db-admin

This example defines a role called staging-db-admin with nine permissions that allow users with that role to perform the following actions:

  • create, delete, get, override, sync and update for applications in the staging-db-project project,
  • get logs for objects in the staging-db-project project,
  • create exec for objects in the staging-db-project project, and
  • get for the project named staging-db-project.

!!! note The scopes field controls which OIDC scopes to examine during rbac enforcement (in addition to sub scope). If omitted, defaults to: '[groups]'. The scope value can be a string, or a list of strings.

Following example shows targeting email as well as groups from your OIDC provider.

apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: argocd-rbac-cm
  namespace: argocd
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: argocd-rbac-cm
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: argocd
data:
  policy.csv: |
    p, my-org:team-alpha, applications, sync, my-project/*, allow
    g, my-org:team-beta, role:admin
    g, [email protected], role:admin
  policy.default: role:readonly
  scopes: '[groups, email]'

For more information on scopes please review the User Management Documentation.

Policy CSV Composition

It is possible to provide additional entries in the argocd-rbac-cm configmap to compose the final policy csv. In this case the key must follow the pattern policy.<any string>.csv. Argo CD will concatenate all additional policies it finds with this pattern below the main one ('policy.csv'). The order of additional provided policies are determined by the key string. Example: if two additional policies are provided with keys policy.A.csv and policy.B.csv, it will first concatenate policy.A.csv and then policy.B.csv.

This is useful to allow composing policies in config management tools like Kustomize, Helm, etc.

The example below shows how a Kustomize patch can be provided in an overlay to add additional configuration to an existing RBAC policy.

apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: argocd-rbac-cm
  namespace: argocd
data:
  policy.tester-overlay.csv: |
    p, role:tester, applications, *, */*, allow
    p, role:tester, projects, *, *, allow
    g, my-org:team-qa, role:tester

Anonymous Access

The anonymous access to Argo CD can be enabled using users.anonymous.enabled field in argocd-cm (see argocd-cm.yaml). The anonymous users get default role permissions specified by policy.default in argocd-rbac-cm.yaml. For read-only access you'll want policy.default: role:readonly as above

Validating and testing your RBAC policies

If you want to ensure that your RBAC policies are working as expected, you can use the argocd admin settings rbac command to validate them. This tool allows you to test whether a certain role or subject can perform the requested action with a policy that's not live yet in the system, i.e. from a local file or config map. Additionally, it can be used against the live policy in the cluster your Argo CD is running in.

To check whether your new policy is valid and understood by Argo CD's RBAC implementation, you can use the argocd admin settings rbac validate command.

Validating a policy

To validate a policy stored in a local text file:

argocd admin settings rbac validate --policy-file somepolicy.csv

To validate a policy stored in a local K8s ConfigMap definition in a YAML file:

argocd admin settings rbac validate --policy-file argocd-rbac-cm.yaml

To validate a policy stored in K8s, used by Argo CD in namespace argocd, ensure that your current context in ~/.kube/config is pointing to your Argo CD cluster and give appropriate namespace:

argocd admin settings rbac validate --namespace argocd

Testing a policy

To test whether a role or subject (group or local user) has sufficient permissions to execute certain actions on certain resources, you can use the argocd admin settings rbac can command. Its general syntax is

argocd admin settings rbac can SOMEROLE ACTION RESOURCE SUBRESOURCE [flags]

Given the example from the above ConfigMap, which defines the role role:org-admin, and is stored on your local system as argocd-rbac-cm-yaml, you can test whether that role can do something like follows:

$ argocd admin settings rbac can role:org-admin get applications --policy-file argocd-rbac-cm.yaml
Yes

$ argocd admin settings rbac can role:org-admin get clusters --policy-file argocd-rbac-cm.yaml
Yes

$ argocd admin settings rbac can role:org-admin create clusters 'somecluster' --policy-file argocd-rbac-cm.yaml
No

$ argocd admin settings rbac can role:org-admin create applications 'someproj/someapp' --policy-file argocd-rbac-cm.yaml
Yes

Another example, given the policy above from policy.csv, which defines the role role:staging-db-admin and associates the group db-admins with it. Policy is stored locally as policy.csv:

You can test against the role:

$ # Plain policy, without a default role defined
$ argocd admin settings rbac can role:staging-db-admin get applications --policy-file policy.csv
No

$ argocd admin settings rbac can role:staging-db-admin get applications 'staging-db-project/*' --policy-file policy.csv
Yes

$ # Argo CD augments a builtin policy with two roles defined, the default role
$ # being 'role:readonly' - You can include a named default role to use:
$ argocd admin settings rbac can role:staging-db-admin get applications --policy-file policy.csv --default-role role:readonly
Yes

Or against the group defined:

$ argocd admin settings rbac can db-admins get applications 'staging-db-project/*' --policy-file policy.csv
Yes