layout: true .footer[ Cyber security on vehicles: status 2021 ]
.center[
]
.left-column[
]
.right-column[
.middle[
- Background on vehicles regulations
- Cyber security on vehicles
- New (draft) regulations and standards ] ]
.center[
]
.left-column[
]
.right-column[
The United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) World Forum for Harmonization of Vehicle Regulations (also known as WP.29) is a unique worldwide regulatory forum within the institutional framework of the UNECE Inland Transport Committee.
https://unece.org/transport/vehicle-regulations
.pull-left[
- Develops regulatory requirements for safety and environmental performance
- Working Parties provide technical oversight and expertise for development of regulations
]
]
.left-column[
]
.right-column[
Legal framework provided by three historical agreements.
Member countries attending the WP.29 sessions can establish regulatory instruments concerning vehicles.
.pull-left[
- UN Regulations, annexed to the 1958 Agreement
- United Nations Global Technical Regulations (UN GTRs), associated with the 1998 Agreement
- UN Rules, annexed to the 1997 Agreement ]
]
.left-column[
]
.right-column[
Regulatory proposals are documented per month, year on website. Each regulation is known as a UN ECE Rxxx document (xxx=number) discussed in one of the WP.29 working parties (subsidiary bodies):
.pull-left[
- GRBP: Noise and Tires
- GRPE: Engine, Emissions, Energy
- GRE: Lighting and Light-Signaling
- GRVA: Automated/Autonomous and Connected Vehicles
- GRSP: Passive Safety
- GRSG: General Safety Construction ]
]
.center[
]
.left-column[
]
.right-column[
]
.left-column[
]
.right-column[
.pull-left[
]
]
.center[
]
.left-column[
]
.right-column[
The new GSR 2019/2144
https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2019/2144/oj
]
.left-column[
]
.right-column[
In the news
The original General Safety Regulation, EC Regulation No. 661/2009, was published on 31st July 2009... the European Commission drafted a completely new version of the General Safety Regulation... it was not until 16th December 2019 that the new Regulation was finally published... as EU Regulation No. 2019/2144.
https://www.interregs.com/articles/spotlight/new-eu-general-safety-regulation-published-000213 ]
.left-column[
]
.right-column[
Consequences of the new GSR 2019/2144:
- New UN ECE Regulations on Components Introduced
- New UN ECE Regulations on Occupant Protection Introduced
- Scope of Existing UN ECE Regulations Expanded
- New Features Requiring New Regulatory Requirements to be Developed
]
.left-column[
]
.right-column[
A lot of additional safety components need to be installed on newly developed vehicles .red[starting 2022] (detailed in many Regulations). Relevant examples:
.pull-left[
- Advanced emergency braking systems (AEBS) capable of detecting vehicles, stationary obstacles, pedestrians and cyclists
- Revering cameras
- Emergency lane keeping systems
- Alcohol interlock
- Driver drowsiness and attention detection systems ]
.pull-right[
- .red[Protection against cyber-attacks]
- Driver availability monitoring systems
- Systems to replace the driver’s control
- Systems to monitor the area surrounding the vehicle
- Systems to provide safety information to other road users
- Communication systems and protocols for platooning ]
]
.left-column[
]
.right-column[
Among the regulations .red[effective 4/2022] thanks to the new GSR 2019/2144 are very detailed Cyber Security enforcing guidelines.
- R155: Proposal for a new UN Regulation on uniform provisions concerning the approval of vehicles with regards to cyber security and cyber security management system
- R156: Proposal for a new UN Regulation on uniform provisions concerning the approval of vehicles with regards to software update and software updates management system
.pull-left[
]
]
.left-column[
]
.right-column[
- R155 and R156 consider the full lifecycle of a vehicle from the cyber security point of view
- the process and not the algorithms or implementations is taken into account (similar to Functional Safty)
- ISO 26262-2018 (functional safety), ISO/PAS 21448 (safety of the intended functionality) and .red[ISO/SAE 21434] (cybersecurity engineering) are explicitly recalled
- ISO/SAE 21434 is the brand new approach to cybersecurity engineering for vehicles, closely resembling ISO 26262-2018
]
.left-column[
]
.right-column[
.middle[
- [email protected]
- Partner and Director of Engineering
- https://www.bluewind.it ] ]