Navigation drawer

Navigation drawers provide access to destinations in your app.

Contents

Using navigation drawers
Anatomy
Standard navigation drawers
Modal navigation drawers
Bottom navigation drawers
Theming

Using navigation drawers

Before you can use navigation drawers, you need to add a dependency to the Material Components for Android library. For more information, go to the getting started page. For modal navigation drawers you also need to add a dependency to tne AndroidX DrawerLayout library. For more information go to the releases page.

The content of all navigation drawer types can be implemented using a NavigationView.

<com.google.android.material.navigation.NavigationView
  android:id="@+id/navigationView"
  ... />

Note: The layout_width and layout_height attributes should be set to wrap_content, match_parent, or a custom dimension depending on the navigation drawer type and parent ViewGroup.

Adding a menu

In the layout:

<com.google.android.material.navigation.NavigationView
    ...
    app:menu="@menu/navigation_drawer" />

In res/menu/navigation_drawer.xml:

<menu ...>

    <group
        android:id="@+id/group1"
        android:checkableBehavior="single">
        <item
            android:id="@+id/item1"
            android:icon="@drawable/ic_favorite_24dp"
            android:title="@string/title_1"
            android:checked="true" />
        <item
            android:id="@+id/item2"
            android:icon="@drawable/ic_favorite_24dp"
            android:title="@string/title_2" />
        <item
            android:id="@+id/item3"
            android:icon="@drawable/ic_favorite_24dp"
            android:title="@string/title_3" />
    </group>

</menu>

Adding a header

In the layout:

<com.google.android.material.navigation.NavigationView
    ...
    app:headerLayout="@layout/header_navigation_drawer" />

In res/layout/header_navigation_drawer.xml:

<LinearLayout
    ...
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:orientation="vertical">

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginTop="24dp"
        android:layout_marginStart="24dp"
        android:layout_marginEnd="24dp"
        android:textAppearance="?attr/textAppearanceHeadline6"
        android:text="@string/header_title" />

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginBottom="24dp"
        android:layout_marginStart="24dp"
        android:layout_marginEnd="24dp"
        android:textAppearance="?attr/textAppearanceBody2"
        android:textColor="@color/material_on_surface_emphasis_medium"
        android:text="@string/header_text" />

</LinearLayout>

Adding dividers and subtitles

Dividers are automatically added between <group>s with unique IDs. When a sub-<menu> is added to an item it is treated as a subtitle.

In res/menu/navigation_drawer.xml:

<menu ...>

    <group
        android:id="@+id/group1"
        ...>
        ...
    </group>

    <group
        android:id="@+id/group2"
        android:checkableBehavior="single">
        <item
            android:id="@+id/subtitle"
            android:title="Subtitle">
            <menu>
                <item
                    android:id="@+id/item4"
                    android:icon="@drawable/ic_favorite_24dp"
                    android:title="Item 4" />

                <item
                    android:id="@+id/item5"
                    android:icon="@drawable/ic_favorite_24dp"
                    android:title="Item 5" />

            </menu>
        </item>
    </group>

</menu>

Making navigation drawers accessible

Navigation drawers support content labeling for accessibility and are readable by most screen readers, such as TalkBack. Text rendered in menu items is automatically provided to accessibility services. Additional content labels are optional but recommended.

For more information on content labels, go to the Android accessibility help guide.

Content descriptions

A content description can be set on <item>s in the NavigationView menu so that screen readers like TalkBack are able to announce their purpose or action, if any. This can be done in XML using the android:contentDescription attribute or programmatically with navigationView.menu.findItem(R.id.itemId)#setContentDescription (on API 26 and above).

Any ImageViews within the header layout should also have a content description set on them.

Opening and closing navigation drawers

To open navigation drawers, use clickable widgets that meet the minimum touch target size of 48dp and are properly labeled for accessibility. To close navigation drawers, consider doing the same but bear in mind that clicking on menu items or an optional scrim should also serve this purpose.

Using navigation drawers with the Navigation component

Navigation drawers can be used with the AndroidX Navigation library. For more information, go to the documentation.

Anatomy

Navigation drawers have a container, an optional header, optional dividers, items with inactive text, active text, and an active text overlay, optional subtitles, and an optional scrim.

Container
Header (optional)
Divider (optional)
Active text overlay
Active text
Inactive text
Subtitle (optional)
Scrim (optional)

Container attributes

Element	Attribute(s)	Related method(s)	Default value
Color	`android:background`	`setBackground` `getBackground`	`?attr/colorSurface`
Shape	`app:shapeAppearance` `app:shapeAppearanceOverlay`	N/A	`null`
Elevation	`app:elevation` (can be used on `NavigationView` or `DrawerLayout`)	`setElevation` `getElevation`	`16dp` (`NavigationView`) or `10dp` (`DrawerLayout`)
Max width	`android:maxWidth`	N/A	`280dp`
Fits system windows	`android:fitsSystemWindows`	`setFitsSystemWindows` `getFitsSystemWindows`	`true`

Header attributes

Element	Attribute	Related method(s)	Default value
Layout	`app:headerLayout`	`addHeaderView` `inflateHeaderView` `getHeaderView` `getHeaderCount` `removeHeaderView`	`null`

Divider attributes

Element	Attribute	Related method(s)	Default value
Divider	`android:listDivider` in app theme	N/A	Varies per platform version
Height	N/A (see layout)	N/A	`1dp`

Text overlay attributes

Element	Attribute(s)	Related method(s)	Default value
Color	`app:itemShapeFillColor`	N/A	`?attr/colorPrimary` at 12% opacity (see all states)
Shape	`app:itemShapeAppearance` `app:itemShapeAppearanceOverlay`	N/A	`?attr/shapeAppearanceSmallComponent` `null`
Insets	`app:itemShapeInsetStart` `app:itemShapeInsetTop` `app:itemShapeInsetEnd` `app:itemShapeInsetBottom`	N/A	`8dp` `4dp` `8dp` `4dp`
Horizontal padding	`app:itemHorizontalPadding`	`setItemHorizontalPadding` `setItemHorizontalPaddingResource` `getItemHorizontalPadding`	`22dp`

Text attributes

Element	Attribute	Related method(s)	Default value
Color	`app:itemTextColor`	`setItemTextColor` `getItemTextColor`	`?attr/colorPrimary` when active else `?attr/colorOnSurface` (see all states)
Typograhphy	`app:itemTextAppearance`	`setItemTextAppearance`	`?attr/textAppearanceSubtitle2`
Max lines	`app:itemMaxLines`	`setItemMaxLines` `getItemMaxLines`	`1`

Icon attributes

Element	Attribute	Related method(s)	Default value
Color	`app:itemIconTint`	`setIconItemTintList` `getIconItemTintList`	`?attr/colorPrimary` when active else `?attr/colorOnSurface` (see all states)
Size	`app:itemIconSize`	`setItemIconSize`	`24dp`
Padding	`app:itemIconPadding`	`setItemIconPadding` `setItemIconPaddingResource` `getItemIconPadding`	`14dp`

Subtitle attributes

Element	Attribute	Related method(s)	Default value
Color	N/A (see layout)	N/A	`?android:textColorSecondary`
Typography	N/A	N/A	`@style/TextAppearance.AppCompat.Body2`
Max lines	N/A	N/A	`1`
Height	N/A	N/A	`?attr/listPreferredItemHeightSmall`
Padding	N/A	N/A	`?attr/listPreferredItemPaddingLeft` and `?attr/listPreferredItemPaddingRight`

Scrim attributes

Element	Attribute	Related method(s)	Default value
Color	N/A	`setScrimColor` on `DrawerLayout`	Black at 60% opacity

`NavigationView` styles

Element	Style
Default style	`Widget.MaterialComponents.NavigationView`

Default style theme attribute: ?attr/navigationViewStyle

`DrawerLayout` styles

Default style theme attribute: ?attr/drawerLayoutStyle

Types

There are three types of navigation drawers: 1. Standard navigation drawer, 2. Modal navigation drawer, 3. Bottom navigation drawer

Standard navigation drawer

Standard navigation drawers allow interaction with both screen content and the drawer at the same time. They can be used on tablet and desktop, but they aren’t suitable for mobile due to limited screen size.

Standard navigation drawer example

API and source code:

NavigationView
- Class definition
- Class source

The following example shows a permanently visible standard navigation drawer.

In the layout:

<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout
    ...
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <com.google.android.material.navigation.NavigationView
        ...
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent" />

    <!-- Screen content (constrained to end of navigationView) -->

</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

In res/values/themes.xml:

<style name="Theme.App" parent="Theme.MaterialComponents.DayNight.*">
    <item name="android:windowTranslucentStatus">true</item>
</style>

In res/layout/header_navigation_drawer.xml:

<LinearLayout
    ...
    android:fitsSystemWindows="true">

    ...

</LinearLayout>

Modal navigation drawer

Modal navigation drawers block interaction with the rest of an app’s content with a scrim. They are elevated above most of the app’s UI and don’t affect the screen’s layout grid.

They are primarily for use on mobile where screen space is limited, and can be replaced by standard drawers on tablet and desktop.

Modal navigation drawer example

API and source code:

NavigationView
- Class definition
- Class source
DrawerLayout
- Class definition

The following example shows a modal navigation drawer with a top app bar.

In the layout:

<androidx.drawerlayout.widget.DrawerLayout
    ...
    android:id="@+id/drawerLayout"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:openDrawer="start">

    <androidx.coordinatorlayout.widget.CoordinatorLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:fitsSystemWindows="true">

        <com.google.android.material.appbar.AppBarLayout
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            style="@style/Widget.MaterialComponents.AppBarLayout.PrimarySurface"
            android:fitsSystemWindows="true">

            <com.google.android.material.appbar.MaterialToolbar
                android:id="@+id/topAppBar"
                android:layout_width="match_parent"
                android:layout_height="?attr/actionBarSize"
                app:title="@string/top_app_bar"
                app:navigationIcon="@drawable/ic_menu_24dp"
                style="@style/Widget.MaterialComponents.Toolbar.PrimarySurface"
                android:background="@android:color/transparent"
                android:elevation="0dp" />

        </com.google.android.material.appbar.AppBarLayout>

        <!-- Screen content -->
        <!-- Use app:layout_behavior="@string/appbar_scrolling_view_behavior" to fit below top app bar -->

    </androidx.coordinatorlayout.widget.CoordinatorLayout>

    <com.google.android.material.navigation.NavigationView
        ...
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:layout_gravity="start" />

</androidx.drawerlayout.widget.DrawerLayout>

In res/values/themes.xml:

<style name="Theme.App" parent="Theme.MaterialComponents.DayNight.*">
    <item name="android:windowTranslucentStatus">true</item>
</style>

In res/layout/header_navigation_drawer.xml:

<LinearLayout
    ...
    android:fitsSystemWindows="true">

    ...

</LinearLayout>

In code:

topAppBar.setNavigationOnClickListener {
    drawerLayout.open()
}

navigationView.setNavigationItemSelectedListener { menuItem ->
    // Handle menu item selected
    menuItem.isChecked = true
    drawerLayout.close()
    true
}

For more information on top app bars see the documentation.

Bottom navigation drawer

Bottom navigation drawers are modal drawers that are anchored to the bottom of the screen instead of the left or right edge. They are only used with bottom app bars.

These drawers open upon tapping the navigation menu icon in the bottom app bar. They are only for use on mobile.

Bottom navigation drawer example

API and source code:

NavigationView
- Class definition
- Class source
BottomSheetBehavior
- Class definition
- Class source

The following example shows a bottom navigation drawer with a bottom app bar.

In the layout:

<androidx.coordinatorlayout.widget.CoordinatorLayout
    ...
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <androidx.coordinatorlayout.widget.CoordinatorLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:layout_marginBottom="?attr/actionBarSize">

        <!-- Screen content -->

        <FrameLayout
            android:id="@+id/scrim"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="match_parent" />

        <com.google.android.material.navigation.NavigationView
            ...
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            app:layout_behavior="@string/bottom_sheet_behavior"
            app:behavior_hideable="true" />

    </androidx.coordinatorlayout.widget.CoordinatorLayout>

    <com.google.android.material.bottomappbar.BottomAppBar
        android:id="@+id/bottomAppBar"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_gravity="bottom"
        style="@style/Widget.MaterialComponents.BottomAppBar.PrimarySurface"
        app:navigationIcon="@drawable/ic_menu_24dp" />

</androidx.coordinatorlayout.widget.CoordinatorLayout>

In code:

val bottomSheetBehavior = BottomSheetBehavior.from(navigationView)
bottomSheetBehavior.state = BottomSheetBehavior.STATE_HIDDEN

bottomAppBar.setNavigationOnClickListener {
    bottomSheetBehavior.state = BottomSheetBehavior.STATE_EXPANDED
}

navigationView.setNavigationItemSelectedListener { menuItem ->
    // Handle menu item selected
    menuItem.isChecked = true
    bottomSheetBehavior.state = BottomSheetBehavior.STATE_HIDDEN
    true
}

scrim.setOnClickListener {
    bottomSheetBehavior.state = BottomSheetBehavior.STATE_HIDDEN
}

bottomSheetBehavior.addBottomSheetCallback(object : BottomSheetBehavior.BottomSheetCallback() {
    override fun onSlide(bottomSheet: View, slideOffset: Float) {
        val baseColor = Color.BLACK
        // 60% opacity
        val baseAlpha = ResourcesCompat.getFloat(resources, R.dimen.material_emphasis_medium)
        // Map slideOffset from [-1.0, 1.0] to [0.0, 1.0]
        val offset = (slideOffset - (-1f)) / (1f - (-1f)) * (1f - 0f) + 0f
        val alpha = MathUtils.lerp(0f, 255f, offset * baseAlpha).toInt()
        val color = Color.argb(alpha, baseColor.red, baseColor.green, baseColor.blue)
        scrim.setBackgroundColor(color)
    }
    override fun onStateChanged(bottomSheet: View, newState: Int) {
    }
})

For more information on bottom app bars see the documentation.

Theming

Navigation drawers support Material Theming and can be customized in terms of color, typography and shape.