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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<title>Rosetta Stone for Unix</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type"
content="text/html; charset=windows-1252">
<meta content="Microsoft FrontPage 5.0" name="GENERATOR">
<script language="JavaScript" src="rosetta.js"></script>
</head>
<body onLoad="init()" bgcolor="#ffffff">
<h1>This content is static and here for offline purposes. The source is at <a href="http://bhami.com/rosetta.html">http://bhami.com/rosetta.html</a></h1>
<hr size=3>
<!-- onUnload="beg()" -->
<form name="unixForm" method="post" action="">
<table cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2" width="84%">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td rowspan="4" width="20%">
<select id="OSSystemBox" multiple size="7">
<option>AIX</option>
<option>DG-UX</option>
<option>FreeBSD</option>
</select>
</td>
<td><input name="setOSn" value="set all OS" onClick="setOS()"
type="button"></td>
<td rowspan="3" width="60%"><i><b><font color="#ff0000">This
custom drawing feature now works in <a href="http://mozilla.org/">Mozilla/Firefox</a>,
in <a href="http://opera.com/">Opera 7.0</a> or better, and in <a
href="http://www.microsoft.com/windows/ie">IE 5</a></font></b></i> <i><b><font
color="#ff0000">or better</font></b></i>. Use click, shift-click,
control-click, and the "set" and "clear" buttons to select the desired
subset of OSs. Then select "Draw table" to redraw the window with your
custom table.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><input name="clearOSn" value="clear all OS"
onclick="clearOS()" type="button"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><input name="Test1" value="Draw table"
onclick="scanTable(0)" type="button"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><input name="Test2" value="Draw table and remember"
onclick="scanTable(1)" type="button"></td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</form>
<table border="1" width="87%">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="5"><strong>A Sysadmin's Unixersal Translator
(ROSETTA STONE)</strong> <small><em>OR </em>What do they call
that in this world?</small></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="4"><small>Contributions and corrections gratefully <a
href="mailto:[email protected]?subject=Rosetta%20Stone%20suggestion">accepted</a>.
Please help us fill in the blanks. New "tasks" are welcome, too!<br>
<a href="unix-rosetta.pdf"><b>PDF version</b></a><font size="-1">
(for best results print US legal size, landscape orientation. If your
browser plug-in has trouble with the PDF, then download it and load it
in stand-alone <a
href="http://www.adobe.com/products/acrobat/readstep2.html">acroread</a>).<br>
</font><a href="rosettaframe.html">Framed version</a>.<br>
OS versions in parentheses; e.g. <i>10+</i> means version 10 and
greater; <i>9-</i> means version 9 and previous. $=extra cost</small>.
<em>(obs)</em> = obsolete <br>
If not specified, commands are in one of the following directories: <b>/usr/bin</b>,
<b>/usr/sbin, <b>/bin</b></b>, <b>/sbin</b><br>
Files referenced may be either commands, configuration files, or
directly-referenced text files. Use the <i>man</i> command to read the
man pages for details such as command options. <br> <i>Categories:</i> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff"><b><a href="#hardware">hardware,
firmware, devices</a></b></td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc"><b><a href="#disks">disks</a></b></td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff"><b><a href="#kernel">kernel,
boot, swap</a></b></td>
<td bgcolor="#ffcc66"><b><a href="#files">files,
volumes</a></b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#ffffcc"><b><a href="#networking">networking</a></b></td>
<td bgcolor="#ffcccc"><b><a href="#security">security,
backup</a></b></td>
<td bgcolor="#eeddcc"><b><a href="#software">software,
patching, tracing, logging</a></b></td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffff"><b><a href="#doc">references</a></b></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table id="Rosetta" border="1">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td align="center"><b>TASK \ OS</b></td>
<td align="center"><b>AIX</b></td>
<td align="center"><b>A/UX</b></td>
<td align="center"><b>DG/UX</b></td>
<td align="center"><b>FreeBSD</b></td>
<td align="center"><b>HP-UX</b></td>
<td align="center"><b>IRIX</b></td>
<td align="center"><b>Linux</b></td>
<td align="center"><b>Mac OS X</b></td>
<td align="center"><b>NCR Unix</b></td>
<td align="center"><b>NetBSD</b></td>
<td align="center"><b>OpenBSD</b></td>
<td align="center"><b>Reliant</b></td>
<td align="center"><b>SCO OpenServer</b></td>
<td align="center"><b>Solaris</b></td>
<td align="center"><b>SunOS 4</b></td>
<td align="center"><b>Tru64</b></td>
<td align="center"><b>Ultrix</b></td>
<td align="center"><b>UNICOS</b></td>
<td align="center"><b>OS / TASK</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><b><i>OS notes</i></b></td>
<td>By IBM, with input from System V, BSD, etc. Runs mainly
on IBM RS/6000 and related hardware.</td>
<td>Apple 1988-1995. Based on AT&T SysV.2.2 with extensions from V.3, V.4, and BSD
4.2 and 4.3</td>
<td>Data General was aquired by EMC in 1999.</td>
<td>Derived from 4.4BSD-Lite and 386BSD. <i>This table does not
include external packages from /usr/ports.</i></td>
<td>Hewlett-Packard</td>
<td>SGI. SVR4-based</td>
<td><p><strong><i><font size="-1">(rh)</font></i><font
size="-1"> = Red Hat, <br>
Mandrake, SUSE,...<br>
<i>(deb)</i> = Debian, Libranet,...<br>
<em>(fed)</em> = Fedora <br>
<em>(gen)</em> = Gentoo </font></strong><strong><font
size="-1"><br>
<i>(md)</i> = Mandrake/Mandriva<br>
<i>(SUSE)</i> = SUSE</font></strong></p> </td>
<td><b>Darwin</b> is the Open Source foundation for Mac OS X,
descended from NeXTStep</td>
<td>aka MP-RAS</td>
<td>Derived from 4.4BSD-Lite and 386BSD. <i>This table does not
include external packages from /usr/pkg.</i></td>
<td>Forked from NetBSD in 1995. Security emphasis. <i>This table
does not include external packages from /usr/ports</i>.</td>
<td>Fujitsu Siemens. Originally called SINIX. Based on DC/OSX from Pyramid, SINIX <br>
from Siemens, and SVR4. To be replaced with Solaris by 2008.</td>
<td>SCO UnixWare 7.0.1& SCO UnixWare 7.1.1 became Caldera
Open Unix and later became SCO again. SVR4-based. </td>
<td><p>Solaris 2.0-2.6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11<br>
OpenSolaris
(SunOS 5.*)<br>
SVR4-based.<br>
An open-source version can<br>
be found at illumos.org</p></td>
<td>Solaris 1.*<br>
BSD-based </td>
<td><strong>(Digital Unix, OSF/1)<br>
<i>(4)= 4.0F/G<br>
(5)= 5.0A</i> </strong></td>
<td>An early DEC Unix, superceded by Digital Unix (now Tru64).</td>
<td>Cray Inc., formed from the March 2000 merger of Tera Computer
Company and Cray Research</td>
<td><b>OS notes</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><b>administrative GUI</b></td>
<td>smit<br>
smitty<br>
wsm </td>
<td>Finder</td>
<td>sysadm</td>
<td>sysinstall<br></td>
<td><p>sam </p>
<p>smh <em>(11.31+)</em> </p></td>
<td> /usr/sysadm/bin/sysmgr <i>(6.3+)<br>
</i>toolchest<br>
/usr/Cadmin/bin/* </td>
<td><i>(rh, FC2+, RHEL4+)</i> system-config*<br>
<i>(rh) </i> redhat-config*<i><br>
</i>linuxconf<i> (obsolete)</i><br>
<i>(SUSE) </i>yast2<i><br>
(deb)</i> dpkg-reconfigure<i> <br>
(md)</i> drakconf</td>
<td><p> NetInfo Manager</p></td>
<td>sysadm</td>
<td>sushi <em>(obs)</em></td>
<td>?</td>
<td>
<p>sysadm<br>
WebSysAdmin</p> </td>
<td>scoadmin</td>
<td>
<p>solstice<br>
admintool<br>
smc <i>(8 01/01+)</i></p> </td>
<td>?</td>
<td>checklist<br>
<i>(5) </i>sysman</td>
<td>?</td>
<td>checklist<br>
/etc/install/install<br>
xmenu </td>
<td><b>administrative GUI</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#ffffff"><b>managing users</b></td>
<td bgcolor="#ffffff">useradd <em>(5+)</em><br>
userdell <em>(5+)</em><br>
usermod <em>(5+)</em><br>
lsuser<br>
mkuser<br>
chuser<br>
rmuser<br>
usrck<br> </td>
<td bgcolor="#ffffff">Finder<br>
/etc/adduser<br>
<em>edit</em> /etc/passwd </td>
<td bgcolor="#ffffff">useradd<br>
userdel<br> </td>
<td bgcolor="#ffffff"><p>adduser<br>
chpass<br>
rmuser<br>
pw<br>
vipw </p>
</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffffff">useradd<br>
userdel<br>
usermod <br>
getprpw<br>
modprpw<br>
pwget</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffffff">
<p>/usr/sysadm/privbin/<br>
addUserAccount</p>
<p>passmgmt</p>
<p>/usr/Cadmin/bin/cpeople</p> </td>
<td bgcolor="#ffffff">
<p>useradd<br>
usermod<br>
userdel<br>
adduser<br>
chage <br>
getent</p> </td>
<td bgcolor="#ffffff">Aqua: System<br>
Preferences / Accounts<br>
niutil (OS X Server)<br>
dscl</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffffff">useradd<br>
userdel<br>
usermod<br>
sysadm </td>
<td bgcolor="#ffffff">useradd<br>
userdel<br>
userinfo<br>
usermod<br>
user<br>
vipw</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffffff">useradd<br>
userdel<br>
adduser <i>(interactive)<br>
</i>usermod<br>
user</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffffff">sysadm<br>
useradd<br>
userdel </td>
<td bgcolor="#ffffff">scoadmin<br>
useradd<br>
userdel<br> </td>
<td bgcolor="#ffffff">useradd<br>
userdel<br>
usermod<br>
getent<br>
logins<br>
/usr/sadm/bin/smuser <i>(9+)<br>
</i>groupadd</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffffff"><i>edit /etc/passwd and create home directory</i></td>
<td bgcolor="#ffffff">
<p>useradd<br>
adduser <br>
userdel<br>
removeuser<br>
dxaccounts</p> </td>
<td bgcolor="#ffffff">adduser<br>
removeuser </td>
<td bgcolor="#ffffff">xadmin<br>
udbgen<br>
udbrstrict<br>
nu scripts</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffffff"><b>managing users</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center"><a name="hardware"></a><strong>TASK \ OS</strong> </td>
<td align="center"><strong>AIX</strong></td>
<td align="center"><strong>A/UX</strong></td>
<td align="center"><strong>DG/UX</strong></td>
<td align="center"><strong>FreeBSD</strong></td>
<td align="center"><strong>HP-UX</strong></td>
<td align="center"><strong>IRIX</strong></td>
<td align="center"><strong>Linux<br>
</strong></td>
<td align="center"><b>Mac OS X</b></td>
<td align="center"><b>NCR Unix</b></td>
<td align="center"><strong>NetBSD</strong></td>
<td align="center"><strong>OpenBSD</strong></td>
<td align="center"><b>Reliant</b></td>
<td align="center"><b>SCO OpenServer<br>
</b></td>
<td align="center"><strong>Solaris</strong></td>
<td align="center"><strong>SunOS 4</strong></td>
<td align="center"><strong>Tru64<br>
</strong></td>
<td align="center"><strong>Ultrix</strong></td>
<td align="center"><b>UNICOS</b></td>
<td align="center"><strong>OS / TASK</strong> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff"><b>list hardware configuration</b><br> </td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff"><p>prtconf<br>
lscfg<br>
lsattr<br>
lsdev <br>
lspath</p>
</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">dg_sysreport -g hardware</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff"><p>uname<br>
sysctl -a<br>
dmesg<br>
cat /var/run/dmesg.boot<br>
pciconf -l<br>
usbconfig<br>
camcontrol <em>devlist</em><br>
</p>
</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">
<p>ioscan<br>
dmesg <em>(if you're lucky)</em><br>
adb<br>
model <br>
stm <i>(from the SupportPlus CDROM)</i> <br>
bdf <i>(like most vendors'</i> df<i>)<br>
</i>getconf<br>
machinfo <em>(11.23+)</em><br>
print_manifest </p> </td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff"><p>hinv</p>
<p>sysinfo -vv </p></td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">
<p>arch<br>
uname<br>
dmesg <em>(if you're lucky)</em><br>
cat /var/log/dmesg<br>
/proc/*<br>
lshw<br>
dmidecode<br>
lspci<br>
lspnp<br>
lsscsi<br>
lsusb<br>
lsmod<br>
<i>(SUSE)</i> hwinfo<br>
/sys/devices/*</p> </td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">hostinfo<br>
ioreg -bls<br>
system_profiler <br> </td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">prtconf<br>
devstat<br>
machinetype<br>
more /etc/.osm</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">dmesg<br>
more <br>
/var/run/dmesg.boot<br>
cat /kern/msgbuf</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">sysctl hw<br>
dmesg<br>
cat /var/run/dmesg.boot<br>
pcidump<br>
acpidump</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">
<p>autoconf -l<br>
showconf<br>
uname -p<br>
uname -M<br>
mpcntl -I</p> </td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">
<p>hwconfig<br>
hw<br>
scoadmin/DCU</p>
<p>/usr/lib/X11/testtools/<br>
z35SysInfo </p> </td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">
<p>prtconf -v<br>
/usr/platform/`uname -i`/<br>
sbin/prtdiag -v <i>(sun4u and sun4d only)</i><br>
arch -k<br>
psrinfo -v<br>
isainfo -v<br>
dmesg<br>
iostat -En<br>
prtfru<br>
cfgadm -l<br>
/etc/path_to_inst<br>
smbios
</p> </td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">dmesg <em>(if you're lucky)</em> </td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">
<p>dia -R full<br>
vmstat -P<br>
hwmgr -get category<br>
<i>(5)</i> hwmgr -show<br>
devices<br>
psrinfo<br>
pset_info<br>
sys_check<br>
/usr/bin/X11/dxsysinfo </p> </td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">dmesg <em>(if you're lucky)</em></td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">
<p>machid<br>
getconf<br>
uname -a</p> </td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff"><strong>list hardware configuration</strong> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff"><strong>unique id useful for licensing</strong></td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">uname -u<br>
uname -m<br>
lsattr -El sys0 -a systemid</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">cat /etc/hostid<br>
sysctl kern.hostuuid </td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">uname -i </td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff"><p>system_profiler SPHardwareDataType |<br>
grep "Serial Number:" |<br>
awk '{print $4}'</p> </td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">hostid</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">hostid</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">consvar -g sys_serial_num</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff"><strong>unique id useful for licensing</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff"><b>show/set<br>
EEPROM/NVRAM<br>
values</b></td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">bootlist -o -m normal<br> </td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff"><em>n/a</em></td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">dg_sysctl |<br>
grep BOOTPATH</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">eeprom <i>(SPARC only)</i></td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">setboot<br>
stm</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">nvram<br>
printenv/setenv <i>(at command monitor)</i></td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">/dev/nvram <i>(if you have it)</i><br>
hwclock<br>
nvsetenv </td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">nvram</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">eeprom</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">eeprom<br> <br></td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">in bdm<br>
(at boot stop<br>
or ctrl-a)</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">eeprom</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">eeprom</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff"><i>(4.0D+)</i> consvar</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff"><b>show/set<br>
EEPROM/NVRAM<br>
values</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff"><b>add device without reboot</b></td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">cfgmgr -v<br>
mkdev</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">N/A</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">camcontrol<br>
atacontrol <br>
kldload <br>
/etc/rc.d/devfs restart </td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">
<p>inf -e <br>
ioscan -fnC <i>devtype</i>;<br>
insf -C <i>devtype</i><br>
</p> </td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">scsiha -pr<br>
ioconfig -f /hw<br>
scsiadminswap<br>
-b <i>bus</i> -p <br> </td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">udev <em>(2.6+)</em> <br>
udevtrigger<br>
modprobe<br>
kerneld<br>
insmod<br>
hotplug<br>
cardctl<br> </td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">(automatic autdodiskmounter)</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">devmgmt<br>
mktable </td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">scsictl<br>
atactl </td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff"><em>(auto-detected)</em></td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">reinitdev<br>
changedev </td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">mkdev</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff"><p><em>(10+)</em> add_drv<br>
devfsadm. <i>pre-Solaris 7 HW 11/99, use:<br>
drvconfig; devlinks; {disks, tapes, ports}</i></p>
<p>/usr/lib/symsm/bin/hot_add<i> (RDAC)<br>
</i>/etc/symsm/rmparams<i> (RDAC) <br>
</i></p></td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">/dev/MKDEV</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">
<p><i>(3.2.*)</i> scu <i>scan edt</i><br>
<i>(4.0) </i>scu <i>scan edt</i>; disklabel -rw rzXX <i>label</i> (for
disks)<br>
<i>(5.x)</i> dsfmgr -k; disklabel -rw dskn auto<br>
hwmgr -scan scsi</p> </td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">/dev/MAKEDEV</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff"><b>add device without reboot</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff"><strong>remove device </strong></td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">rmdev</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">camcontrol stop<br>
camcontrol eject </td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">rmsf</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff"><p><em>(10+)</em> rem_drv<br>
devfsadm</p></td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff"><strong>remove device</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff"><b>tape device</b></td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">/dev/rmt0</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">/dev/rdsk/c8d?s0</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">/dev/rmt/0</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">/dev/rsa0<br>
/dev/*wt*<br>
/dev/*sa[0-9]*</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">/dev/rmt/0m</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">/dev/tape<br>
/dev/nrtape </td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">/dev/st0</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">/dev/rmt/c*</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">/dev/st0</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">/dev/[e][n][r]st[0-9]*</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">/dev/ios0/rstape001<br>
autoconf -1 |<br>
grep TAPE</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">/dev/rct0</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">/dev/rmt/0</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">/dev/rst0</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff"><i>(5.x)</i> /dev/ntape /dev/tape</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">/dev/<i>n</i>rmt<i>Xh</i> where <i>n</i>=non-rewinding,
X a number, <i>h</i>=density</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">tpmnt</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff"><b>tape device</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff"><b>stdin/ stdout/ stderr</b></td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">/dev/fd/<i>[012]</i></td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">/dev/fd/<i>[012]</i></td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">/dev/fd/<i>[012]</i></td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">/dev/fd/<i>[012]</i></td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">/dev/fd/<i>[012]</i></td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">/dev/stdin<br>
/dev/stdout<br>
/dev/stderr<br>
/dev/fd/[012]</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">/dev/fd/<i>[012]</i></td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff"><b>stdin/ stdout/ stderr</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff"><b>X kvm config</b></td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">Xorg -configure <br>
xf86config</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">itemap</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">/usr/bin/X11/xsetmon<br>
/usr/gfx/setmon </td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff"><p>xorgcfg<br>
xorgconfig<br>
Xorg -configure<br>
system-config-display<br>
xf86config<br>
XFree86 -configure<br>
redhat-config-xfree86<br>
/etc/X11/?dm </p> </td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff"> </td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">xf86config<br>
xf86cfg<br>
XFree86 -configure</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">X -configure</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">hwconfig</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">kdmconfig <i>(x86)<br>
</i>fbconfig; m64config; (etc.)</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffccff"><b>X kvm config</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center"><a name="disks"></a><strong>TASK \ OS</strong> </td>
<td align="center"><strong>AIX</strong></td>
<td align="center"><strong>A/UX</strong></td>
<td align="center"><strong>DG/UX</strong></td>
<td align="center"><strong>FreeBSD</strong></td>
<td align="center"><strong>HP-UX</strong></td>
<td align="center"><strong>IRIX</strong></td>
<td align="center"><strong>Linux<br>
</strong></td>
<td align="center"><b>Mac OS X</b></td>
<td align="center"><b>NCR Unix</b></td>
<td align="center"><strong>NetBSD</strong></td>
<td align="center"><strong>OpenBSD</strong></td>
<td align="center"><b>Reliant</b></td>
<td align="center"><b>SCO OpenServer<br>
</b></td>
<td align="center"><strong>Solaris</strong></td>
<td align="center"><strong>SunOS 4</strong></td>
<td align="center"><strong>Tru64<br>
</strong></td>
<td align="center"><strong>Ultrix</strong></td>
<td align="center"><b>UNICOS</b></td>
<td align="center"><strong>OS / TASK</strong> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc"><strong>read a disk label</strong> </td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">lspv</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">admpdisk -o list<br>
admvdisk -o list</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">disklabel -r<br>
gpart show <em>(7.0+)</em> </td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc"><p>scsimgr <em>(11.31+)<br>
</em>diskinfo<br>
pvdisplay </p> </td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">prtvtoc</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">fdisk -l</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">pdisk <i>rawDev</i> -dump<br>
Disk Utility</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">prtvtoc</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">disklabel -r<br>
disk<br>
mbrlabel<br>
fdisk </td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc"> disklabel <em>diskName</em></td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">dkpart -l</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">fsname</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">prtvtoc</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">dkinfo</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">disklabel -r</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">chpt -q</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc"><strong>read a disk label</strong> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc"><strong>whole disk in partition</strong> </td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">hdisk[0,1,2,...]</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">c </td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">? </td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">10</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">/dev/hda <font size="-1">(e.g. if <i>/dev/hda1</i><br>
is a partition)</font></td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">(non-root partitions are mounted under /Volumes)</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">s0</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">c or d<br>
sysctl kern.rawpartition </td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">c </td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">/dev/ios0/rsdisk???s7<br>
(???=000-999) </td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">/dev/1s# <i>(#=0,1,...)</i></td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">2</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">c</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">c</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">c</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">s7</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc"><strong>whole disk in partition</strong> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc"><strong>label a disk</strong> </td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">mkvg</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">admpdisk</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">fdisk<br>
disklabel -wr<br>
sysinstall <br>
gpart add <em>(7+)<br>
</em>sade<em> (6.3+)</em></td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">pvcreate </td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">
<p>dvhtool<br>
fx -x</p> </td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">cfdisk<br>
fdisk<br>
e2label </td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">diskutil</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">
<p>sysadm<br>
fdisk<br>
edvtoc<br>
prtvtoc <br>
mkpart<br>
updatescsi<br>
labelit</p> </td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">disklabel -wr<br>
mbrlabel </td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">disklabel -E <em>diskName</em></td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">dksetup</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">divvy</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">format<br>
prtvtoc<br>
<i>(x86) </i>fdisk</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc"> format </td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">disklabel -rw</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">chpt -a</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">/etc/labelit</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc"><strong>label a disk</strong> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc"><strong>partition a disk</strong> </td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">mklv</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">dp<br>
Finder: Apple HD SC Setup </td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">admpdisk </td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">fdisk<br>
sysinstall <br>
gpart add <em>(7.0+)<br>
</em>sade<em> (6.3+)</em></td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">smh <em>(11.31+)<br>
</em>lvcreate<br>
sam </td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">fx</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">parted <i>(if you have it)<br>
</i>cfdisk<br>
fdisk<br>
pdisk <i>(on a MAC)<br>
(deb) </i>mac-fdisk <i>(on a MAC)<br>
(md) </i>diskdrake</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">pdisk</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">fdisk</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">disklabel -i</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">fdisk -e <em>diskName</em></td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">dkpart -e</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">divvy</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">format<br>
fmthard</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">format</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">disklabel -e</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">chpt -p</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc">/etc/install/install</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccffcc"><strong>partition a disk</strong> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center"><a name="kernel"></a><strong>TASK \ OS</strong> </td>
<td align="center"><strong>AIX</strong></td>
<td align="center"><strong>A/UX</strong></td>
<td align="center"><strong>DG/UX</strong></td>
<td align="center"><strong>FreeBSD</strong></td>
<td align="center"><strong>HP-UX</strong></td>
<td align="center"><strong>IRIX</strong></td>
<td align="center"><strong>Linux<br>
</strong></td>
<td align="center"><b>Mac OS X</b></td>
<td align="center"><b>NCR Unix</b></td>
<td align="center"><strong>NetBSD</strong></td>
<td align="center"><strong>OpenBSD</strong></td>
<td align="center"><b>Reliant</b></td>
<td align="center"><b>SCO OpenServer<br>
</b></td>
<td align="center"><strong>Solaris</strong></td>
<td align="center"><strong>SunOS 4</strong></td>
<td align="center"><strong>Tru64<br>
</strong></td>
<td align="center"><strong>Ultrix</strong></td>
<td align="center"><b>UNICOS</b></td>
<td align="center"><strong>OS / TASK</strong> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff"><b>kernel</b></td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">/unix</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">/unix</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">/dgux</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff"> /boot/kernel/kernel</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">/hpux <i>(9)<br>
</i>/stand/vmunix <i>(10+)</i></td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">/unix</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">
<p>/boot/vmlinuz*<br>
/boot/bootlx</p>
<p>(see /etc/lilo.conf or /boot/grub/menu.lst)</p> </td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">/mach_kernel</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">/unix<br>
/stand/unix</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">/netbsd</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">/bsd</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">
<p>/unix</p>
<p>/stand/unix</p> </td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">/unix</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">/kernel/genunix<br>
/platform/`uname -m`/<br>
kernel/unix<br>
/platform/`uname -m`/<br>
kernel/sparcv9/unix (7+) </td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">/vmunix</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">/vmunix</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">/vmunix</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">/unicos</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff"><b>kernel</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff"><b>show/set kernel parameters</b></td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">vmo<br>
ioo<br>
schedo <br> </td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">/etc/kconfig<br>
Finder</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">vi /var/Build/<br>
system.<i>hostname;</i>;<br>
reboot</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">
<p> /boot/loader.conf<br>
sysctl<br>
/etc/sysctl.conf </p> </td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">smh <em>(11.31+)</em><br>
sam<br>
sysdef<br>
kmtune <i>(11+)<br>
</i>kctune<i> (11.23+)<br>
</i>getconf</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">systune</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">/proc/*<br>
/proc/sys/*<br>
sysctl<br>
/etc/sysctl.conf </td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">/usr/sbin/sysctl<br>
launchctl limit<br>
/etc/launchd.conf</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">sysdef<br>
getconf<br>
/etc/conf/cf.d/<br>
quicktune.cfg </td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">sysctl<br>
/etc/sysctl.conf </td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">sysctl<br>
/etc/sysctl.conf</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">idtune<br>
cat /etc/opt/cf.d/stune<br>
cat /etc/opt/cf.d/mtune<br>
sysdef -i</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff"><p>/etc/conf/cf.d/configure -x</p>
<p>sysdef</p></td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">
<p>sysdef<br>
getconf <br>
cat /etc/system<br>
ndd<br>
adb -k</p> </td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">
<p>adb</p>
<p>/usr/kvm/sys/<br>
`arch -k`/conf </p> </td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">dxkerneltuner<br>
sysconfig </td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">adb<br>
kdb</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff"><b>show/set kernel parameters</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff"><strong>limit physical memory </strong></td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">rmss</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">mem= (in lilo.conf or /boot/grub/grub.conf) </td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">nvram bootargs="maxmem=<em>MB</em>"</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">machine memory (at the "boot" prompt) </td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">/etc/project<br>
zonecfg</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff"><strong>limit physical memory </strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff"><strong>loaded kernel modules </strong></td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">genkex<br>
vxketadm -s </td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">kldstat</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">kmadmin -s<br>
kcmodule -a (11.23+)</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">lsmod</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">kextstat</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">modstat</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">modstat</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">modadmin</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">modinfo</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff"><strong>loaded kernel modules </strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff"><strong>load module </strong></td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">vxketadm<em> modname</em> load <br>
cfgmgr<br>
mkdev -l <em>devname</em></td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">kldload</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">kmadmin -L<br>
kcmodule module=loaded (11.23+)</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">modprobe<br>
insmod</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">kextload</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">modload</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">modload</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">modadmin</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">modload</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff"><strong>load module </strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff"><strong>unload module </strong></td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">rmdev -l <em>devname</em></td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">?</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">kldunload</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">kmadmin -U<br>
kcmodule module=unused (11.23+)</td>
<td bgcolor="#ccccff">?</td>