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<!doctype html>
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<title>Celebrating four decades of innovation: The GRASS GIS Project</title>
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<meta name="description" content="GRASS GIS is a general geospatial processing tool. The latest version comes with a single-window layout and streamlined data management addressing user feedback. GRASS’ code was recently revitalized by code quality improvements, a perfect gift for its 40th birthday!">
<meta name="author" content="Markus Neteler und mundialis GmbH & Co. KG">
<meta name="description" content="GRASS GIS talk slides at the FOSS4G-Asia 2024 in Bangkok">
<meta name="author" content="Markus Neteler, Veronica Andreo, Vaclav Petras, Anna Petrasova">
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<!-- ################# ABSTRACT ################# -->
<!--
The GRASS GIS project, a pioneering open-source geographic information system, celebrated its 40th anniversary in 2023. As one of the long-standing contributors, I am honored to reflect on the remarkable journey of this leading open-source geospatial software and community. Over the past four decades, GRASS GIS has grown from a modest project initiated by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to a robust, globally recognized platform for geospatial analysis and modeling. This evolution is a testament to the dedication and collaborative spirit of the GRASS community, which has continually driven innovation and excellence.
My personal relationship with GRASS GIS began over thirty years ago when I was a student and first encountered its powerful capabilities. Even then, I was fascinated by its potential to revolutionize spatial analysis and environmental modeling. With the advent of the Internet, we were able to build a passionate community behind the project. Through collaborative efforts, we have significantly expanded the functionality of GRASS GIS, improved its user interface through multiple iterations, and ensured its adaptability to the ever-changing technological landscape.
In this keynote, I will reflect on the milestones that have shaped GRASS GIS from its inception at the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers' Construction Engineering Research Laboratory (USA/CERL) to its current status as a cornerstone of the open-source geospatial ecosystem. The latest releases of GRASS GIS include thousands of changes, including the new single-window GUI layout and enhanced parallelization capabilities. These enhancements underscore our commitment to improving the user experience and computational efficiency. The past decade has also been marked by vibrant community engagement through the OSGeo Foundation. I will highlight key contributions from the global community, showcase groundbreaking research and applications, touch on FOSS business models, and explore the challenges we have overcome along the way.
The future of GRASS GIS is bright as we anticipate further innovation and expanded applications, driven by the same collaborative ethos that has defined our past. Together we will continue to push the boundaries of what is possible in geospatial analysis, ensuring that GRASS GIS remains at the forefront of this dynamic field.
-->
<section>
<h1>Celebrating four decades of innovation: The GRASS GIS Project</h1>
<p style="margin-top: 0.5em">
<a href="https://www.mundialis.de/en/neteler/">Markus Neteler</a> (mundialis GmbH & Co. KG)
<br>
<small>& Verónica Andreo, Vaclav Petras, Anna Petrasova</small>
</p>
<p><small><a href="https://foss4g.asia/2024/">FOSS4G-Asia 2024</a> - Bangkok, Thailand</small></p>
<img src="img/grass_gis.svg" alt="GRASS GIS logo" style="width: 25%">
<img src="img/Foss4G-2024-logo-sanit-300x300.png" alt="FOSS4G-Asia 2024 logo" style="width: 35">
<p><small><a href="https://htmlpreview.github.io/?https://github.com/neteler/grass-gis-talks-markus/blob/main/foss4g_asia2024.html">github.com/neteler/grass-gis-talks-markus/</a></small></p>
</section>
<section>
<h2>About the presenter…</h2>
<br>
<ul>
<li>Co-founder and senior consultant at mundialis, Bonn (DE)</li>
<img class="bio-img" src="img/markus_round.png" alt="Pic of Markus Neteler">
<li>PhD in Geography, Univ. of Hannover</li>
<li>15 years of researcher's life in Trento, Italy</li>
<li>Since 2016 in Bonn, Germany @ mundialis</li>
<li>Since 1997 active in the <a href="https://grass.osgeo.org/">GRASS GIS</a> project</li>
<li> Co-founder of <a href="https://www.osgeo.org/">OSGeo</a>, GFOSS.it and FOSSGIS e.V.</li>
</ul>
<p align="right" style="font-size:18px"><a href="https://www.mundialis.de/neteler/">https://www.mundialis.de/neteler/</a></p>
</section>
<section>
<h2>For newcomers: which GRASS GIS?</h2>
<div class="columns">
<div class="column" style="width:59%">
<ul>
<li><b>GRASS GIS</b> (Geographic Resources Analysis Support System), a FOSS suite used for geospatial data management and analysis, image processing, spatial modeling, and visualization.</li>
<li>Originally developed by the U.S. Army CERL for land management and environmental planning (1982-1995).</li>
<li>Founding member of OSGeo (2006)</li>
<li><a href="https://grass.osgeo.org/about/history/">40+ years of continuous geospatial development</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="column" style="width:39%;text-align:center;padding-top:0.5em;">
<img src="img/grass_bday_39.png" alt="GRASS GIS 39th birthday" width="100%">
</div>
</div>
</section>
<section>
<h1>The first three decades in brief…</h1>
<i class="fa fa-rocket fa-4x"></i>
</section>
<section>
<h2>The 1980's… the beginning</h2>
<img src="img/1980th_paper_print_j_westervelt.png" style="width: 54%">
<img src="img/1980th_dave_gerdes_compaq386_grass_3_0.png" style="width: 37%">
<br><br>
<small>Img. courtesy: Jim Westervelt 2006</small>
<br>
<small><a href="http://2006.foss4g.org/contributionDisplay7563.html?contribId=214&sessionId=54&confId=1">Early GRASS Community Views on FOSS</a></small>
</section>
<section>
<h2>Inventing GRASS GIS</h2>
<img src="img/1990_CERL_shapiro_westervelt_goran_1st_GAIA_award.png" style="width: 55%">
<br><br>
<small>Img. courtesy: Jim Westervelt 2006</small>
<br>
<small><a href="http://2006.foss4g.org/contributionDisplay7563.html?contribId=214&sessionId=54&confId=1">Early GRASS Community Views on FOSS</a></small>
</section>
<section>
<h2> The 1980's… GRASS GIS growing</h2>
<ul>
<li><b>1984</b> – GRASS running on SUN-1 and Masscomp</li>
<li><b>1985</b> – <a href="https://grass.osgeo.org/about/history/">GRASS 1.0</a>, GRASSnet established (pre-mailing list)</li>
<li><b>1985</b> – Richard Stallman publishes the <a href="https://www.gnu.org/gnu/manifesto.en.html">GNU Manifesto</a></li>
<li><b>1987</b> – GRASS 2.0; first issue of GRASSClippings Newsletter</li>
<li><b>1987</b> – <a href="https://doi.org/10.5446/12963">GRASS video</a> narrated by William Shatner (Captain Kirk of Star Trek)</li>
<li><b>1988</b> – GRASS 3.0 and Army R&D Achievement Award (Webster, Goran, Shapiro, Westervelt)</li>
</ul>
<img src="img/1980th_grass_video_3D_floppy_sat.png" class="stretch">
</section>
<section>
<h2> The 1980's… but how did the development happen?</h2>
<b>1989</b> – GRASS 3.1 First release available on Internet (uxc.cso.uiuc.edu)
<br><br>
… still almost no connected users, and WWW appeared only in 1993.
<br><br>
Now, how was GRASS GIS software developed? <b>Locally!</b>
<br><br>
While Revision Control System (RCS) was available and sometimes used, yet no internet based systems (CVS 1.0 in 1990, later SVN, then Git)
<br>
<img src="img/1980th_magnetic_tapes.png" style="width: 46%">
<img src="img/1980th_grass_hardware_cost.png" style="width: 45%">
</section>
<section>
<h2>The 1990's… visualization and analysis</h2>
New technology becomes available!
<br>
<img src="img/1990_mitasova_soil3D.png" style="width: 45%">
<img src="img/1992_openGL_GRASS_GIS_SG3D.png" style="width: 45%">
<br><br>
<small>Source: <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060505050528/http://skagit.meas.ncsu.edu/~helena/gmslab/gsoils/vizrep2.html">http://skagit.meas.ncsu.edu/~helena/gmslab/gsoils/vizrep2.html</a></small>
</section>
<section>
<h2>The 1990's… Open GRASS Foundation goes OGC</h2>
<em>GRASSCLIPPINGS</em>: a periodic publication of<br>
<b>The Open GRASS Foundation</b> (1992) which then became<br>
<b>The Open GIS Foundation</b> (1994) and eventually<br>
the <b>Open Geospatial Consortium</b> (2004)
<br><br>
See also the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220511133736/https://www.ogc.org/ogc/historylong">long history at OGC</a> (web archive)
<br>
<img src="img/1992_grassclippings_OGF_mosaic.png" class="stretch">
<br><br>
<small>PDF: <a href="https://grass.osgeo.org/files/grassclip6_3_92.pdf">GRASSCLIPPINGS Winter 1992, Vol 6, No 3</a></small>
<!-- see also: https://grass.osgeo.org/about/history/ and
https://wiki.osgeo.org/wiki/Open_Source_GIS_History
-->
</section>
<section>
<h2>The 1990's… First Web Applications come up, finally!</h2>
<ul>
<li><b>1994</b> – GNU/Linux 1.0 released; GRASS 4.1.5 ported a year later</li>
<li><b>1994</b> – GRASSLinks: an interactive GIS via WWW (S. M. Huse)</li>
<li><b>1995</b> – UMN MapServer project started</li>
</ul>
<img src="img/1998_GRASSLinks_Berkeley.png" style="width: 48%">
<img src="img/1998_GRASSLinks_REGIS.png" style="width: 43%">
</section>
<section>
<h2>The 1990's… Internet, its tools and geeks spreading!</h2>
<ul>
<!--
<li><b>1996</b> – GeoTools project started</li>
<li><b>1998</b> – deegree (originally JaGo) development started with an OGC Simple Features implementation</li>
-->
<li><b>1998</b> – GDAL/OGR development started by Frank Warmerdam</li>
<li><b>1998</b> – First European GRASS GIS server at ILN,<br>University of Hannover, Germany</li>
<li><b>1999</b> – GRASS GIS source code moved from manual management to CVS, precisely on 29th Dec. 1999 :-)</li>
</ul>
<img src="img/1998_grass_gis_spring_cleaning_mailing_list.png" class="stretch">
</section>
<section>
<h2>2004: May the FOSS be with you</h2>
<!-- 2002 - GRASS GIS user conference in Trento, Italy -->
<br>
<img src="img/2004_may_the_FOSS_be_with_you.png" style="width: 56%">
<img src="img/foss4g_2004_website.png" style="width: 43%">
<br>
<small><a href="https://foss4g.asia/2004/">https://foss4g.asia/2004/</a></small>
</section>
<section>
<h2>Free/Libre and Open Source Software for Geoinformatics: GIS-GRASS Users Conference</h2>
Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 2004:<br>
FOSS4G was born, meanwhile 20 years ago!
<br>
<img src="img/2004_FOSS4G_mosaic.png" class="stretch">
<!--
<br>
<small>M. Neteler, D. McIlhagga, ?, Dave Hastings, Jim Westervelt, ?</small>
-->
</section>
<section>
<h2>Community Meeting in 2012</h2>
<br>
<img src="img/2012_grass_gis_community_print_prague.png" class="stretch">
</section>
<!-- too much
<section>
<h2>More Community… 2023</h2>
The international tribe, again meeting in Prague
<br>
<img src="img/community_prague_2023_group.jpg" class="stretch">
<img src="img/github_contributors_2024-12-15.png" style="width: 70%">
</section>
-->
<section>
<h2>Community Meeting in 2023</h2>
GRASS GIS celebrated its <b>40th birthday</b> mit CMake Build, 8.3.0 Release …
<br>
<img src="img/grass2023_40bday_collage.jpg" class="stretch">
<small><a href="https://grass.osgeo.org/news/2023_08_13_grass_community_meeting_prague_june_2023_report/">grass.osgeo.org > News > Report of the GRASS GIS Community Meeting in Prague</a></small>
<aside class="notes">This talk will also report on GRASS GIS Community Meeting 2023 in Prague where the participants celebrated the 40th birthday of GRASS GIS by contributing more code.</aside>
</section>
<section>
<h2>More Community… 2024</h2>
Work on the project's mission and roadmap, Python API, parallelization, reproducibility, documentation and website navigation
<img src="img/2024_community_meeting_collage.png" style="width: 55%"><br>
<img src="img/github_contributors_2024-12-15.png" style="width: 40%">
<small><a href="https://grass.osgeo.org/news/2024_08_02_report_community_meeting_prague_2024/">grass.osgeo.org > News > Report of the GRASS GIS Community Meeting in Prague</a></small>
</section>
<section id="GRASS GIS generalities" data-background-image="img/grass_template.png"
data-background-position="bottom"
data-background-size="100% 20%">
<h2>GRASS GIS general features</h2>
<ul>
<li>Free and open source, you can use, modify, improve, share</li>
<li>Large amount of tools: <b>+500</b> <a href="https://grass.osgeo.org/grasss-stable/manuals/full_index.html">core modules</a>, <b>+300</b> <a href="https://grass.osgeo.org/grasss-stable/manuals/addons/">addons</a></li>
<li>Graphical User Interface and command line</li>
<li>C API, Python API and libraries</li>
<li>Interface/connection with R, QGIS, REST API, WPS, etc.</li>
<li>Different data types supported:
<a href="https://grass.osgeo.org/grass-stable/manuals/rasterintro.html">raster</a>
(including <a href="https://grass.osgeo.org/grass-stable/manuals/imageryintro.html">satellite imagery</a>),
<a href="https://grass.osgeo.org/grass-stable/manuals/raster3dintro.html">3D raster or voxel</a>,
<a href="https://grass.osgeo.org/grass-stable/manuals/vectorintro.html">vector</a> and,
<a href="https://grass.osgeo.org/grass-stable/manuals/temporalintro.html">space-time datasets</a>.</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h2>GRASS GIS is a Desktop-GIS: new GUI</h2>
<img src="img/gui_orange_viewsheds_buffer.png" class="stretch">
</section>
<!-- behaves like two slides:
<section>
<h2>Interfaces: QGIS</h2>
<div style="position:relative; width:780px; height:480px; margin:0 auto;">
<img class="fragment fade-out" data-fragment-index="0" width="780" height="480" src="img/qgis_grass_plugin.png" alt="QGIS GRASS plugin" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;"/>
<img class="fragment fade-in" data-fragment-index="0" width="780" height="480" src="img/qgis_processing.png" alt="QGIS Processing" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;" />
</div>
<p><em>Using GRASS through "Processing" in QGIS</em></p>
</section>
-->
<!-- condensed to one slide: -->
<section>
<h2>Interfaces: QGIS</h2>
<img src="img/qgis_grass_plugin.png" alt="QGIS GRASS plugin" style="width: 49%">
<img src="img/qgis_processing.png" alt="QGIS Processing" style="width: 49%">
<p><em>Using GRASS through "Processing" in QGIS</em></p>
</section>
<section>
<h2>Interfaces: R</h2>
<img src="img/RwithinGRASS_and_Rstudio_from_grass.png" alt="GRASS GIS and R" class="stretch">
<p><em>Using GRASS through R and Rstudio</em></p>
</section>
<section>
<h2>Interfaces: R</h2>
"rgrass" package to use GRASS GIS from R is available on <a href="https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/rgrass/">CRAN</a>.
<br>
<img src="img/R_rgrass_terra_GRASS_GIS8.jpg" class="stretch">
</section>
<section>
<h2>Interfaces: Python</h2>
<img src="img/grass_pyedit.png" alt="GRASS GIS and Python" class="stretch">
<p><em>Python and GRASS</em></p>
</section>
<section>
<h2>Managing GRASS GIS sessions in Python</h2>
The revised GRASS session makes it easier to <br>
use GRASS tools from Python
<br>
<img src="img/python_session.png" class="stretch">
</section>
<section>
<h2>Command description with <code>--json</code></h2>
<ul>
<li>Translates command line parameters into JSON.</li>
<li>Used by actinia for integration with GRASS GIS.</li>
<li>We are looking for feedback for other use cases.</li>
</ul>
<pre style="font-size: 94%;"> r.viewshed \
input=elevation output=viewshed \
coordinates=642964,222890 --json
</pre>
<img src="img/grass8_cli_json.png" class="stretch">
</section>
<!--
<section>
<h2>All-in-one software suite</h2>
<ul>
<li>All matured tools available right away
<li>Download of experimental tools possible
<li>Network analysis, hydrology, remote sensing, OBIA, time series, …
</ul>
<br>
<img src="img/hexagons_3d_white_outlier.png" alt="GRASS GIS hexagons" class="stretch">
</section>
-->
<!-- too much detail
<section>
<h2>Roadmap</h2>
<ul>
<li>
7.8.7, Feb 2022:
<small>Stability and fixes.</small>
</li>
<li>
8.0.0, Feb 2022:
<small>New startup, data management.</small>
</li>
<li>
8.0.2, May 2022:
<small>Stability and fixes.</small>
</li>
<li>
8.2.0, June 2022:
<small>Jupyter notebooks, parallel r.neighbors, …</small>
</li>
<li>
8.3.0, June 2023:
<small>single window interface as the default</small>
</li>
<li>
8.4.0, July 2024:
<small>terminology: "location" -> "project" + JSON support</small>
</li>
<ul>
<li> <small>major.minor.micro – semantic versioning:</small></li>
<ul>
<li> <small>major (x) brings <b>features and possibly backward incompatible changes</b></small></li>
<li> <small>minor (x.y) brings <b>features and fixes</b>,</small></li>
<li> <small>micro (x.y.z) brings <b>fixes</b></small></li>
</ul>
</ul>
<img src="img/splash_screen.png" alt="GRASS GIS splash screen" width="70%">
</section>
-->
<section>
<h1>Exciting new features<br>in GRASS GIS 8</h1>
<i class="fa fa-rocket fa-4x"></i>
</section>
<!-- too much for FOSS4G-Asia 2024
<section>
<h2>Skeletons and Centerlines</h2>
<em>v.voronoi</em> tool can now create area skeletons and centerlines.
<img src="img/lake_skeleton_naip.png" alt="GRASS GIS and vector skeletonising" class="stretch">
<p>by Markus Metz
</section>
<section>
<h2>Latest PROJ and GDAL support</h2>
<ul>
<li>Support for PROJ >=6 added.</li>
<li>Support for GDAL >=3 added.</li>
<li>WKT2 can be used for CRS definitions.</li>
<li>High-accuracy coordinate transformations supported.</li>
</ul>
<img src="img/natural_europe.png" alt="natural Europe map" class="stretch">
<p>by Markus Metz</p>
<aside class="notes">
GRASS is currently supporting the latest versions of PROJ and GDAL.
All the fancy new high-accuracy coordinate transformation methods are supported.
The WKT2 can be used to define a CRS and is printed as CRS info by g.proj.
Some new PROJ 8 functionality is not yet supported.
For example, automated download of datum transformation grids is yet missing.
</aside>
</section>
-->
<section>
<h2>Integration of GRASS GIS and Jupyter Notebooks</h2>
<p>GRASS GIS has a <a href="https://grass.osgeo.org/grass-stable/manuals/libpython/">Python API</a> and Jupyter notebook support:</p>
<ul>
<li>Notebooks: Mix of text, code, results, images, …</li>
<li>Usage: Prototyping, reproducibility, tutorials, …</li>
</ul>
<!--
<img src="img/jupyter_text_images_3d.png" alt="GRASS GIS and Jupyter notebooks" width="33%">
-->
<img src="img/jupyter_interactive_viewshed.png" alt="GRASS GIS and viewshed" width="36%">
<img src="img/jupyter_timeseries_viewshed.gif" alt="GRASS GIS and viewshed time series" width="46%">
<p>
<small><a href="https://tinyurl.com/grass-jupyter-8-4">https://tinyurl.com/grass-jupyter-8-4</a> (run in Binder)</small>
<br>
<small>by Vaclav Petras, Anna Petrasova, Caitlin Haedrich</small>
</p>
</section>
<!-- Jupyter as separate slides
<section>
<h2>New! Integration with Jupyter Notebooks</h2>
<h3>Integration of results from Google Summer of Code 2021</h3>
<p>
Web map with base maps, zooming, customizations, …
</p>
<img src="img/jupyter_interactive_viewshed.png" alt="GRASS GIS and viewshed" class="stretch">
<p>
<a href="https://tinyurl.com/grass-rc2">tinyurl.com/grass-rc2</a> (run in Binder)
</p>
<p>by Vaclav Petras, Anna Petrasova, Caitlin Haedrich</p>
</section>
<section>
<h2>New! Integration with Jupyter Notebooks</h2>
<h3>Integration of results from Google Summer of Code 2021</h3>
<p>
Time-series visualization
</p>
<img src="img/jupyter_timeseries_viewshed.gif" alt="GRASS GIS and viewshed time series" class="stretch">
<p>by Vaclav Petras, Anna Petrasova, Caitlin Haedrich</p>
</section>
<section>
<h2>New! Integration with Jupyter Notebooks</h2>
<h3>Integration of results from Google Summer of Code 2021</h3>
<p>
3D visualization
</p>
<img src="img/jupyter_3d_viewshed.png" alt="GRASS GIS and 3D viewshed" class="stretch">
<p>by Vaclav Petras, Anna Petrasova, Caitlin Haedrich</p>
</section>
-->
<section>
<h2>Semantic Labels for Rasters</h2>
<ul>
<li>
Assigning meaningful labels to raster maps
<small>(e.g., <b>S2_1</b> or <b>red</b>)</small>
<ul>
<li>image classification can use sematic labels to identify bands</li>
<li>different scenes can then be classified if semantic labels are the same</li>
</ul>
</li>
<!-- <li>organize bands within one spatio-temporal dataset</li> -->
<li>Signature files can be used for classification if band references match (semantically equivalent)</li>
</ul>
<br>
<img src="img/band_references_scheme.png" alt="GRASS GIS and semantic labels" class="stretch">
<p>by Maris Nartiss, Martin Landa, Markus Metz</p>
</section>
<!-- too much for FOSS4G-Asia 2024
<section>
<h2>Faster External Data Links</h2>
<em>r.external</em> links (opens) external raster data (GeoTiffs, …) faster.
<br>
<small>(2-5× faster, or almost no time for some workflows)</small>
<br>
<img src="img/r_external.png" alt="GRASS GIS and external file linking" class="stretch">
<p>by Markus Metz</p>
<p>Great for workflows when only portion of the data is processed in GRASS GIS.</p>
</section>
-->
<section>
<h2>Fast LiDAR data import with PDAL</h2>
<ul>
<li>both vector and raster data can be generated from point clouds</li>
<li>import of any point dimension (including user defined ones e.g. from PDAL filters)</li>
<li>support of 19 binning methods (including eigenvalues)</li>
<li>point filtering by values in any dimension</li>
</ul>
<img src="img/scan_angle.png" alt="GRASS GIS and LiDAR 1" width="47%"><img src="img/elevation.png" alt="GRASS GIS and LiDAR 2" width="50%">
<p>by Vaclav Petras and Māris Nartišs</p>
</section>
<section>
<h1>More parallelization<br>in GRASS GIS 8</h1>
<i class="fa fa-rocket fa-4x"></i>
</section>
<section>
<h2>OpenMP parallelization</h2>
<div class="container">
<div class="col">
<ul>
<li>r.mfilter</li>
<li>r.neighbors</li>
<li>r.patch</li>
<li>r.resamp.filter</li>
<li>r.resamp.interp</li>
<li>r.series</li>
<li>r.slope.aspect</li>
<li>r.univar</li>
</ul>
<p> + benchmarking library</p>
</div>
<div class="col">
<img src="img/gsoc/openmp.png" alt="GRASS GIS and openMP" width="90%">
</div>
</div>
<p>by Aaron Saw Min Sern and Anna Petrasova</p>
<aside class="notes">
<ul>
<li>Parallelization of multiple, often used raster modules, with benchmarks.</li>
<li>Especially useful for big data processing</li>
<li>Supported on all platforms, provided GRASS is compiled with OpenMP</li>
</ul>
</aside>
</section>
<!-- other variant
<section>
<h2>New core modules using OpenMP parallelization</h2>
<ul>
<li>r.series: cell value is a function of the corresponding cells in the input maps</li>
<li>r.neighbors: cell value is a function of the cells around it</li>
<li>r.mfilter: cell value is a function of the cells around it</li>
<li>r.slope.aspect: slope, aspect, and other derivatives of an elevation raster</li>
<li>r.patch: mosaic multiple rasters into one</li>
</ul>
<p>
<img src="img/r_series_average_explanation.png" alt="GRASS GIS and r.series openMP benchmarking 2" style="height: 7ex">
</p>
<p>by Aaron Saw Min Sern</p>
</section>
-->
<!-- too much for FOSS4G-Asia 2024
<section>
<h2>Speed Improvements: Multi-threading with OpenMP</h2>
<ul>
<li>More tasks done in parallel in the same tool</li>
<li><code>nprocs</code> specifies number of cores (processes, threads)</li>
<li><code>memory</code> specifies RAM in MB</li>
<li><em>Performance</em> section in documentation describes the behavior</li>
</ul>
<img src="img/openmp_r_series_section.png" alt="GRASS GIS and r.series openMP benchmarking" class="stretch">
<p>by Aaron Saw Min Sern and Anna Petrasova</p>
</section>
<section>
<h2>More parallelized tools</h2>
<ul>
<li>
Core tools:
<small>
r.sun, v.surf.rst, r.sim.sediment, r.sim.water
</small>
</li>
<li>
Addons tools:
<small>
r.sun.daily, r.in.usgs,
r.mapcalc.tiled, t.rast.what.aggr,
r.connectivity.corridors, r.viewshed.exposure,
and <b>14</b> more
</small>
</li>
<li>
Parallelizing custom Python scripts:
<ul>
<li>GridModule <small>(by tile)</small></li>
<li>multiprocessing, ParallelModuleQueue <small>(by task)</small></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<img src="img/piemonte_shaded_elevation.png" alt="GRASS GIS and Piemonte shaded elevation" class="stretch">
</section>
-->
<!-- too much for FOSS4G-Asia 2024
<section>
<h2>Scientific Foundations</h2>
<ul>
<li>references to related scientific papers since its inception</li>
<li>references to papers associated with tools or libraries</li>
<li>tools used in open science</li>
</ul>
<br>
<img src="img/module_references.png" alt="GRASS GIS and module references" class="stretch">
<br>
See: <a href="https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=gJ0ZB0cAAAAJ">GRASS GIS profile at Google scholar</a>
</section>
<section>
<h2>Innovation with stability</h2>
<ul>
<li>Graphical user interface changes as needed.</li>
<li>Python API added in v6, extended in v7.</li>
<li>Basic things continue to work in the same way.</li>
</ul>
<br><br>
<p><em>Raster algebra expression from 2002 (v5) in 2021 (v8):</em></p>
<p>
<code>
depressions<em style="background-color: #f84040;"> </em>=<em style="background-color: #f84040;"> </em>
if((elevation - fill) < 0, 1, 0)
</code>
</p>
</section>
<section>
<h2>Support</h2>
<ul>
<li>Community support
<ul>
<li><a href="https://lists.osgeo.org/mailman/listinfo/grass-user">user mailing list</a> <small>(with vast archives since 1991)</small>
<li><a href="https://gis.stackexchange.com/questions/tagged/grass">GIS StackExchange</a>
<li><a href="https://github.com/OSGeo/grass/discussions">Discussions</a> on GitHub</li>
<li>…
</ul>
<li>Commercial support
<ul>
<li><a href="https://www.mundialis.de/en/open-source-gis/">mundialis</a>
<li><a href="https://www.northrivergeographic.com/">North River Geographic Systems</a>
<li><a href="https://geospatial.ncsu.edu/engage/service-center/">Center for Geospatial Analytics, NC State University</a>
<li>…
</ul>
</ul>
<br>
<img src="img/grass_gis.svg" alt="GRASS GIS logo" class="stretch">
</section>
-->
<section>
<h1>A better GUI experience<br>in GRASS GIS 8</h1>
<i class="fa fa-rocket fa-4x"></i>
</section>
<!-- nice but too much for FOSS4G-Asia 2024
<section>
<h2>Improved First-time User Experience</h2>
<div style="position:relative; width:640px; height:580px; margin:0 auto;">
<img class="fragment fade-out" data-fragment-index="0" width="640" height="580" src="img/grass78_startup.png" alt="Old start of GRASS GIS 7" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;">
<img class="fragment fade-in" data-fragment-index="0" width="640" height="580" src="img/grass78_startup_gone.png" alt="Old start of GRASS GIS 7 no more" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;">
</div>
</section>
<section>
<h2>Improved First-time User Experience</h2>
Initial project sets up automatically. Guidance provided for next steps.
<br>
<img class="stretch" src="img/first-time_user_world.png" alt="GRASS GIS 8 welcome">
<p>
by Linda Kladivova &
rest of the community (many reviews, calls, user surveys, …)
</p>
</section>
-->
<section>
<h2>Single-Window GUI</h2>
<p>Single GUI window with optimized layout and dockable widgets</p>
<img src="img/gsoc/proposal3.png" alt="GRASS GIS and single window GUI" class="stretch">
<p>by Linda Kladivova</p>
</section>
<section>
<h2>Centralized Data Management</h2>
All data manipulation centered around revamped <em>Data</em> tab.
<br>
<img src="img/data_catalog_isolines.png" alt="GRASS GIS and isolines" class="stretch">
<p>by Linda Kladivova, Anna Petrasova, Vaclav Petras
</section>
<!-- too much for FOSS4G-Asia 2024
<section>
<h2>Dark Theme Support</h2>
Interface respects system dark theme.
<br>
<img src="img/dark_theme_v_clip.png" alt="GRASS GIS and dark theme" class="stretch">
<p>by Anna Petrasova, Nicklas Larsson
</section>
-->
<section>
<h1>Code quality and automated releases</h1>
<i class="fa fa-rocket fa-4x"></i>
</section>
<section>
<h2>Improved and robust code quality checks: GitHub Actions</h2>
<ul>
<li>Python code: formatted by Black and checked against Flake8.</li>
<li>C code: most of warnings removed and now checked.</li>
<li>All code tested with CodeQL.</li>
<li>Addons also checked with Flake8 and Black.</li>
</ul>
<img src="img/code_in_vscodium.png" alt="GRASS GIS and code editing in VS Codium" class="stretch">
<p>by Nicklas Larsson, Vaclav Petras, Anna Petrasova, Edouard Choinière, others</p>
</section>
<section>
<h2>Automated releases from GitHub</h2>
<br>
<h3>Turning git commit entries into a release page</h3>
<ul>
<li>log message parsing, categorization for the subsection</li>
<li>publishing of source code and auto-generated <a href="https://github.com/OSGeo/grass/releases">release notes</a></li>
</ul>
<img src="img/github_grass_releases.png" alt="GRASS GIS and automated software releases" class="stretch">
<p>by Vaclav Petras (procedure support by Markus Neteler)</p>
</section>
<!-- too much for FOSS4G-Asia 2024
<section>
<h2>Tap directly into FAIR data warehouses</h2>
<h4>GRASS GIS understands netCDF data that follows the CF-convention</h4>
<div class="container_flex">
<div class="column">
<small>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://grass.osgeo.org/grass-stable/manuals/addons/m.crawl.thredds.html">m.crawl.thredds</a>: Lists URLs for netCDF datasets on Thredds servers</li>
<li><a href="https://grass.osgeo.org/grass-stable/manuals/addons/t.rast.import.netcdf.html">t.rast.import.netcdf</a>: Makes Spatio-temporal data in netCDF format directly available for analysis in GRASS STRDS (also without downloading)</li>
</ul>
</small>
</div>
<div class="column">
<img src="img/netcdf_screenshot.jpg" alt="GRASS GIS and netCDF registration" width=100%>
</div>
</div>
<br>
<p>
<small>
Enjoy data delivered right into your GRASS GIS database from e.g.:
</small>
<img src="img/netcdf_sources.png" alt="GRASS GIS and netCDF registration 2" width=100% class="stretch">
</p>
<p><small>
by Stefan Blumentrath (Norwegian Institute for Nature Research - NINA)
</small></p>
</section>
<section id="GRASS for Remote Sensing">
<section>
<h1>GRASS loves Remote Sensing</h1>
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<img src="img/grass_image_flyer.png" alt="GRASS GIS and image processing" class="stretch">
</section>
<section>
<h2>Dedicated tools for image processing and analysis</h2>
<div class="columns">
<div class="column" style="width:49%">
<ul>
<li>50+ core modules</li>
</ul>
<img src="img/imagery_core_modules.png" alt="GRASS GIS and imagery modules" width="90%">
</div>
<div class="column" style="width:49%">
<ul>
<li>60+ addons, e.g., OBIA chain</li>
</ul>
<img width="90%" src="https://camo.githubusercontent.com/300a0e87e3ca6b170e8d48e681819e04dafc595c8df3e1caa01aeaaa9bb6d9b8/687474703a2f2f7777772e6d6470692e636f6d2f72656d6f746573656e73696e672f72656d6f746573656e73696e672d30392d30303335382f61727469636c655f6465706c6f792f68746d6c2f696d616765732f72656d6f746573656e73696e672d30392d30303335382d61672e706e67">
</div>
</div>
</section>
<section>
<h2>Sentinel, MODIS, Landsat, NED, NAIP</h2>
<p>
Automated download and import of common datasets
<small>i.sentinel, i.modis, i.landsat, r.in.usgs, r.in.nasadem, …</small>
</p>
<img src="img/usgs_ned_naip_3d.png" alt="GRASS GIS and NED NAIP in 3D" class="stretch">
<p>
<small>
by
Luca Delucchi (Fondazione Edmund Mach),
Martin Landa (OpenGeoLabs),
Anika Weinmann (mundialis),
Guido Riembauer (mundialis),
Roberta Fagandini (GSoC),
Zechariah Krautwurst (GSoC),
Anna Petrasova (NC State University),
Vaclav Petras (NC State University),
Veronica Andreo (CONICET), …
</small>
</p>
</section>
<section>
<h2>GRASS Sentinel Addons</h2>
<br>
<p>
<h4>Access & Downloading → Importing → Preprocessing → Analysis </h4>
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<img src="img/example_s2_imagery.png" alt="GRASS GIS and Sentinel-2 scene" class="stretch">
<p><font size="1">Contains modified Copernicus Sentinel data (2021)</font></p>
</section>
<section>
<h2>Access & Downloading</h2>
<ul>
<li><b><em>i.sentinel.coverage</li>
<li>i.sentinel.download</b></em>
<ul>
<li>ESA Copernicus Open Access Hub</li>
<li>USGS Earth Explorer</li>
<li>Google Cloud Storage</li>
</ul>
</ul>
<br>
<img src="img/s2_search_and_download.gif" alt="GRASS GIS and Sentinel-2 download" class="stretch">
</section>
<section>
<h2>Importing</h2>
<ul>
<li><b><em>i.sentinel.import</b></em>
<ul>
<li>selection of individual bands</li>
<li>import of metadata, band reference, cloud masks</li>
</ul>
<li><b><em>t.sentinel.import</b></em></li>
<li><b><em>r.s1.grd.import</li></b></em>
</ul>
<br>
<img src="img/s2_in_grass.png" alt="GRASS GIS and Sentinel-2" class="stretch">
</section>
<section>
<h2>Importing</h2>
<ul>
<li>Importing into a space-time raster dataset with <b><em>t.sentinel.import</b></em>
</ul>
<br>