diff --git a/lib/niso/jats/bold.rb b/lib/niso/jats/bold.rb
index 7cca955..6136062 100644
--- a/lib/niso/jats/bold.rb
+++ b/lib/niso/jats/bold.rb
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ class Bold < Lutaml::Model::Serializable
       attribute :toggle, :string
 
       xml do
-        root "bold"
+        root "bold", mixed: true
 
         map_content to: :content
         map_attribute "id", to: :id
diff --git a/lib/niso/jats/comment.rb b/lib/niso/jats/comment.rb
index 04f9f59..53f6144 100644
--- a/lib/niso/jats/comment.rb
+++ b/lib/niso/jats/comment.rb
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ class Comment < Lutaml::Model::Serializable
       attribute :lang, :string
 
       xml do
-        root "comment"
+        root "comment", mixed: true
 
         map_content to: :content
         map_attribute "content-type", to: :content_type
diff --git a/lib/niso/jats/corresp.rb b/lib/niso/jats/corresp.rb
index a1bb7ce..f57e306 100644
--- a/lib/niso/jats/corresp.rb
+++ b/lib/niso/jats/corresp.rb
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ class Corresp < Lutaml::Model::Serializable
       attribute :sup, Sup, collection: true
 
       xml do
-        root "corresp"
+        root "corresp", mixed: true
 
         map_content to: :content
         map_attribute "content-type", to: :content_type
diff --git a/lib/niso/jats/disp_formula.rb b/lib/niso/jats/disp_formula.rb
index b7df92a..9b756bf 100644
--- a/lib/niso/jats/disp_formula.rb
+++ b/lib/niso/jats/disp_formula.rb
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ class DispFormula < Lutaml::Model::Serializable
       attribute :sup, Sup, collection: true
 
       xml do
-        root "disp-formula"
+        root "disp-formula", mixed: true
 
         map_content to: :content
         map_attribute "content-type", to: :content_type
diff --git a/lib/niso/jats/email.rb b/lib/niso/jats/email.rb
index f95eec5..fe77aee 100644
--- a/lib/niso/jats/email.rb
+++ b/lib/niso/jats/email.rb
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ class Email < Lutaml::Model::Serializable
       attribute :lang, :string
 
       xml do
-        root "email"
+        root "email", mixed: true
 
         map_content to: :content
         map_attribute "content-type", to: :content_type
diff --git a/lib/niso/jats/ext_link.rb b/lib/niso/jats/ext_link.rb
index 9aaa67a..f4d2f6b 100644
--- a/lib/niso/jats/ext_link.rb
+++ b/lib/niso/jats/ext_link.rb
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ class ExtLink < Lutaml::Model::Serializable
       attribute :sup, Sup, collection: true
 
       xml do
-        root "ext-link"
+        root "ext-link", mixed: true
 
         map_content to: :content
         map_attribute "assigning-authority", to: :assigning_authority
diff --git a/lib/niso/jats/funding_source.rb b/lib/niso/jats/funding_source.rb
index f828393..f49d523 100644
--- a/lib/niso/jats/funding_source.rb
+++ b/lib/niso/jats/funding_source.rb
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ class FundingSource < Lutaml::Model::Serializable
       attribute :institution_wrap, InstitutionWrap, collection: true
 
       xml do
-        root "funding-source"
+        root "funding-source", mixed: true
 
         map_content to: :content
         map_attribute "country", to: :country
diff --git a/lib/niso/jats/inline_formula.rb b/lib/niso/jats/inline_formula.rb
index dc5a028..788d8fe 100644
--- a/lib/niso/jats/inline_formula.rb
+++ b/lib/niso/jats/inline_formula.rb
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ class InlineFormula < Lutaml::Model::Serializable
       attribute :sup, Sup, collection: true
 
       xml do
-        root "inline-formula"
+        root "inline-formula", mixed: true
 
         map_content to: :content
         map_attribute "content-type", to: :content_type
diff --git a/lib/niso/jats/italic.rb b/lib/niso/jats/italic.rb
index 09f6140..9070260 100644
--- a/lib/niso/jats/italic.rb
+++ b/lib/niso/jats/italic.rb
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ class Italic < Lutaml::Model::Serializable
       attribute :toggle, :string, default: -> { "yes" }
 
       xml do
-        root "italic"
+        root "italic", mixed: true
 
         map_content to: :content
         map_attribute "id", to: :id
diff --git a/lib/niso/jats/mixed_citation.rb b/lib/niso/jats/mixed_citation.rb
index 999dcc6..a5b2aba 100644
--- a/lib/niso/jats/mixed_citation.rb
+++ b/lib/niso/jats/mixed_citation.rb
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ class MixedCitation < Lutaml::Model::Serializable
       attribute :sup, Sup, collection: true
 
       xml do
-        root "mixed-citation"
+        root "mixed-citation", mixed: true
 
         map_content to: :content
         map_attribute "hreflang", to: :hreflang
diff --git a/lib/niso/jats/paragraph.rb b/lib/niso/jats/paragraph.rb
index 95624c1..bdde4f1 100644
--- a/lib/niso/jats/paragraph.rb
+++ b/lib/niso/jats/paragraph.rb
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ class Paragraph < Lutaml::Model::Serializable
       attribute :sup, Sup, collection: true
 
       xml do
-        root "p"
+        root "p", mixed: true
 
         map_content to: :content
         map_attribute "content-type", to: :content_type
diff --git a/lib/niso/jats/sec.rb b/lib/niso/jats/sec.rb
index e1a3ebc..c64710a 100644
--- a/lib/niso/jats/sec.rb
+++ b/lib/niso/jats/sec.rb
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ class Sec < Lutaml::Model::Serializable
       attribute :ref_list, RefList, collection: true
 
       xml do
-        root "sec"
+        root "sec", mixed: true
 
         map_attribute "id", to: :id
         map_attribute "sec-type", to: :sec_type
diff --git a/lib/niso/jats/sub.rb b/lib/niso/jats/sub.rb
index 671c343..25f16d1 100644
--- a/lib/niso/jats/sub.rb
+++ b/lib/niso/jats/sub.rb
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ class Sub < Lutaml::Model::Serializable
       attribute :specific_use, :string
 
       xml do
-        root "sub"
+        root "sub", mixed: true
 
         map_content to: :content
         map_attribute "arrange", to: :arrange
diff --git a/lib/niso/jats/sup.rb b/lib/niso/jats/sup.rb
index cf32d9c..d56a020 100644
--- a/lib/niso/jats/sup.rb
+++ b/lib/niso/jats/sup.rb
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ class Sup < Lutaml::Model::Serializable
       attribute :specific_use, :string
 
       xml do
-        root "sup"
+        root "sup", mixed: true
 
         map_content to: :content
         map_attribute "arrange", to: :arrange
diff --git a/lib/niso/jats/td.rb b/lib/niso/jats/td.rb
index 8c62319..2794f11 100644
--- a/lib/niso/jats/td.rb
+++ b/lib/niso/jats/td.rb
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ class Td < Lutaml::Model::Serializable
       attribute :sup, Sup, collection: true
 
       xml do
-        root "td"
+        root "td", mixed: true
 
         map_content to: :content
         map_attribute "abbr", to: :abbr
diff --git a/lib/niso/jats/th.rb b/lib/niso/jats/th.rb
index 6b5af12..4f16bbf 100644
--- a/lib/niso/jats/th.rb
+++ b/lib/niso/jats/th.rb
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ class Th < Lutaml::Model::Serializable
       attribute :sup, Sup, collection: true
 
       xml do
-        root "th"
+        root "th", mixed: true
 
         map_content to: :content
         map_attribute "abbr", to: :abbr