rate-limiting.md

Rate Limiting

• Introduction
  • Cache Configuration
• Basic Usage
  • Manually Incrementing Attempts
  • Clearing Attempts

Introduction

Laravel includes a simple to use rate limiting abstraction which, in conjunction with your application's cache, provides an easy way to limit any action during a specified window of time.

Note

If you are interested in rate limiting incoming HTTP requests, please consult the rate limiter middleware documentation.

Cache Configuration

Typically, the rate limiter utilizes your default application cache as defined by the default key within your application's cache configuration file. However, you may specify which cache driver the rate limiter should use by defining a limiter key within your application's cache configuration file:

'default' => env('CACHE_STORE', 'database'),

'limiter' => 'redis',

Basic Usage

The Illuminate\Support\Facades\RateLimiter facade may be used to interact with the rate limiter. The simplest method offered by the rate limiter is the attempt method, which rate limits a given callback for a given number of seconds.

The attempt method returns false when the callback has no remaining attempts available; otherwise, the attempt method will return the callback's result or true. The first argument accepted by the attempt method is a rate limiter "key", which may be any string of your choosing that represents the action being rate limited:

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\RateLimiter;

$executed = RateLimiter::attempt(
    'send-message:'.$user->id,
    $perMinute = 5,
    function() {
        // Send message...
    }
);

if (! $executed) {
  return 'Too many messages sent!';
}

If necessary, you may provide a fourth argument to the attempt method, which is the "decay rate", or the number of seconds until the available attempts are reset. For example, we can modify the example above to allow five attempts every two minutes:

$executed = RateLimiter::attempt(
    'send-message:'.$user->id,
    $perTwoMinutes = 5,
    function() {
        // Send message...
    },
    $decayRate = 120,
);

Manually Incrementing Attempts

If you would like to manually interact with the rate limiter, a variety of other methods are available. For example, you may invoke the tooManyAttempts method to determine if a given rate limiter key has exceeded its maximum number of allowed attempts per minute:

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\RateLimiter;

if (RateLimiter::tooManyAttempts('send-message:'.$user->id, $perMinute = 5)) {
    return 'Too many attempts!';
}

RateLimiter::increment('send-message:'.$user->id);

// Send message...

Alternatively, you may use the remaining method to retrieve the number of attempts remaining for a given key. If a given key has retries remaining, you may invoke the increment method to increment the number of total attempts:

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\RateLimiter;

if (RateLimiter::remaining('send-message:'.$user->id, $perMinute = 5)) {
    RateLimiter::increment('send-message:'.$user->id);

    // Send message...
}

If you would like to increment the value for a given rate limiter key by more than one, you may provide the desired amount to the increment method:

RateLimiter::increment('send-message:'.$user->id, amount: 5);

Determining Limiter Availability

When a key has no more attempts left, the availableIn method returns the number of seconds remaining until more attempts will be available:

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\RateLimiter;

if (RateLimiter::tooManyAttempts('send-message:'.$user->id, $perMinute = 5)) {
    $seconds = RateLimiter::availableIn('send-message:'.$user->id);

    return 'You may try again in '.$seconds.' seconds.';
}

RateLimiter::increment('send-message:'.$user->id);

// Send message...

Clearing Attempts

You may reset the number of attempts for a given rate limiter key using the clear method. For example, you may reset the number of attempts when a given message is read by the receiver:

use App\Models\Message;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\RateLimiter;

/**
 * Mark the message as read.
 */
public function read(Message $message): Message
{
    $message->markAsRead();

    RateLimiter::clear('send-message:'.$message->user_id);

    return $message;
}