ext-dep-index.md

layout	title	udver
base	Language-Specific Relations	2

Language-Specific Relations

In addition to the universal dependency taxonomy, it is desirable to recognize grammatical relations that are particular to one language or a small group of related languages. Such language-specific relations are necessary to accurately capture the genius of a particular language but will not involve concepts that generalize broadly. These language-specific relations should always be regarded as a subtype of an existing UD relation.

Labels of relation subtypes explictly encode the core UD relation that the language-specific relation is a subtype of, following the format universal:extension.

acl

• acl:assoccoll: Erzya
• acl:cleft: French
• acl:ger: Erzya
• acl:inf: Hebrew, Portuguese
• acl:part: Portuguese
• acl:poss: Kazakh
• acl:prc: Erzya
• acl:rel: Erzya
• acl:relcl: Arabic, Belarusian, Chinese, Danish, Dutch, English, Erzya, Estonian, Finnish, French, German, Greek, Hebrew, Hindi, Irish, Italian, Kazakh, Korean, Lithuanian, Maltese, Marathi, North Sami, Norwegian, Persian, Portuguese, Russian, Sanskrit, Spanish, Swedish, Swedish Sign Language, Telugu, Turkish, Urdu
• acl:subj: Erzya

advcl

• advcl:cond: Telugu, Uyghur
• advcl:coverb: Cantonese
• advcl:sp: Ukrainian
• advcl:svc: Ukrainian
• advcl:tcl: Romanian

advmod

• advmod:cmp: Erzya
• advmod:cmpstandard: Erzya
• advmod:df: Chinese
• advmod:discourse: Belarusian
• advmod:emph: Arabic, Catalan, Croatian, Czech, Latin, Lithuanian, Sanskrit, Slovak, Tamil, Turkish, Upper Sorbian, Uyghur
• advmod:epist: Erzya
• advmod:evid: Erzya
• advmod:inf: Hebrew
• advmod:locy: Hungarian
• advmod:mode: Hungarian
• advmod:multprf: Erzya
• advmod:neg: Buryat, Erzya, Kurmanji
• advmod:obl: Hungarian
• advmod:phrase: Hebrew
• advmod:q: Erzya
• advmod:qnt: Erzya
• advmod:quant: Estonian
• advmod:que: Hungarian
• advmod:sup: Erzya
• advmod:tfrom: Hungarian
• advmod:tlocy: Hungarian
• advmod:tmod: Romanian
• advmod:to: Hungarian
• advmod:tto: Hungarian

amod

• amod:att: Hungarian
• amod:attlvc: Hungarian
• amod:mode: Hungarian
• amod:obl: Hungarian

aux

• aux:caus: Chinese, French
• aux:cop: Erzya
• aux:neg: Erzya, North Sami
• aux:obj: Erzya
• aux:pass: Afrikaans, Ancient Greek, Arabic, Belarusian, Bulgarian, Buryat, Chinese, Croatian, Czech, Dutch, English, Finnish, French, Galician, German, Gothic, Hindi, Italian, Latin, Lithuanian, Maltese, Marathi, Norwegian, Persian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Slovak, Spanish, Swedish, Upper Sorbian, Vietnamese
• aux:q: Hebrew, Turkish, Uyghur
• aux:subj: Erzya

case

• case:acc: Hebrew
• case:aspect: Chinese
• case:circ: Kurmanji
• case:dec: Chinese
• case:gen: Hebrew
• case:loc: Cantonese, Chinese
• case:pref: Chinese
• case:suff: Chinese
• case:voc: Irish

cc

• cc:preconj: Arabic, English, Erzya, Estonian, Finnish, German, North Sami, Persian, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Slovenian, Spanish, Turkish

ccomp

• ccomp:obj: Hungarian
• ccomp:obl: Hungarian
• ccomp:pmod: Romanian
• ccomp:pred: Hungarian

compound

• compound:abs: Erzya
• compound:conjv: Hindi
• compound:dir: Cantonese, Chinese
• compound:ext: Chinese
• compound:lvc: Kazakh, Kurmanji, Marathi, Persian, Telugu, Turkish, Uyghur
• compound:nn: Finnish, Kurmanji, North Sami
• compound:plur: Indonesian
• compound:preverb: Hungarian
• compound:prt: Afrikaans, Arabic, Danish, Dutch, English, Estonian, Finnish, German, Irish, Norwegian, Persian, Portuguese, Spanish, Swedish, Swedish Sign Language, Tamil
• compound:redup: Hindi, Kurmanji, Marathi, Telugu, Turkish, Uyghur
• compound:smixut: Hebrew
• compound:svc: Marathi, Swedish Sign Language, Telugu, Ukrainian
• compound:vo: Chinese
• compound:vv: Cantonese, Chinese

conj

• conj:discourse: Hebrew
• conj:extend: Slovenian
• conj:svc: Ukrainian

cop

• cop:belong: Erzya
• cop:exist: Erzya
• cop:own: Erzya, Finnish

csubj

• csubj:cleft: Irish
• csubj:cop: Estonian, Finnish, Irish
• csubj:pass: Ancient Greek, Arabic, Bulgarian, Catalan, Chinese, Croatian, Czech, English, French, German, Gothic, Indonesian, Italian, Latin, Latvian, Norwegian, Old Church Slavonic, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Sanskrit, Slovak, Spanish, Swedish

dep

• dep:ig: Turkish

det

• det:def: Hebrew
• det:numgov: Czech, Polish, Serbian, Slovak, Ukrainian, Upper Sorbian
• det:nummod: Czech, Polish, Ukrainian
• det:poss: German, Italian, Korean, Maltese, Portuguese
• det:predet: Arabic, English, French, German, Hindi, Italian, Persian, Portuguese, Spanish, Turkish
• det:quant: Hebrew

discourse

• discourse:emo: Italian
• discourse:filler: Norwegian, Slovenian
• discourse:sp: Cantonese, Chinese

dislocated

• dislocated:cleft: French

expl

• expl:impers: Italian, Romanian
• expl:pass: Catalan, Czech, Italian, Latin, Romanian, Slovak, Spanish, Upper Sorbian
• expl:poss: Romanian
• expl:pv: Croatian, Czech, German, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Slovak, Upper Sorbian

flat

• flat:foreign: Arabic, Buryat, Chinese, Croatian, Czech, English, Estonian, Finnish, French, Galician, Italian, Latin, Latvian, Norwegian, Persian, Portuguese, Russian, Slovak, Slovenian, Ukrainian, Upper Sorbian
• flat:name: Ancient Greek, Arabic, Bambara, Belarusian, Chinese, Dutch, English, Erzya, Finnish, French, Galician, German, Gothic, Hebrew, Hindi, Hungarian, Irish, Italian, Kazakh, Latin, Latvian, Maltese, Norwegian, Old Church Slavonic, Portuguese, Russian, Slovenian, Spanish, Swedish, Turkish, Ukrainian
• flat:repeat: Ukrainian
• flat:title: Ukrainian

goeswith

• goeswith:alt: Upper Sorbian

iobj

• iobj:agent: French
• iobj:caus: Kazakh

mark

• mark:adv: Chinese
• mark:advb: Chinese
• mark:comp: Chinese
• mark:prt: Chinese, Irish
• mark:rel: Cantonese, Chinese
• mark:relcl: Chinese

nmod

• nmod:abl: Uyghur
• nmod:abs: Erzya
• nmod:agent: Romanian
• nmod:appos: Erzya
• nmod:arg: Turkish
• nmod:att: Hungarian
• nmod:attlvc: Hungarian
• nmod:bahuv: Erzya
• nmod:cau: Uyghur
• nmod:clas: Uyghur
• nmod:cmp: Telugu
• nmod:cmpstandard: Erzya
• nmod:comp: Uyghur
• nmod:dat: Kurmanji
• nmod:det: Erzya
• nmod:dsubj: Erzya
• nmod:exist: Erzya
• nmod:gen: Erzya
• nmod:gmod: Arabic, German, Russian
• nmod:gobj: Erzya, Finnish
• nmod:gsubj: Erzya, Finnish
• nmod:instr: Erzya
• nmod:name: Erzya
• nmod:npmod: English, Portuguese
• nmod:obl: Hungarian
• nmod:obllvc: Hungarian
• nmod:own: Buryat, Erzya, Finnish
• nmod:part: Uyghur
• nmod:pmod: Romanian
• nmod:pos: Erzya
• nmod:poss: Arabic, Bambara, Danish, Dutch, English, Erzya, Estonian, Finnish, French, German, Hebrew, Hindi, Irish, Kazakh, Kurmanji, Marathi, North Sami, Persian, Russian, Sanskrit, Swedish, Swedish Sign Language, Telugu, Turkish, Uyghur
• nmod:ref: Uyghur
• nmod:tmod: Chinese, English, Portuguese, Romanian, Telugu, Uyghur

nsubj

• nsubj:ascriptive: Erzya
• nsubj:belong: Erzya
• nsubj:caus: French
• nsubj:cop: Erzya, Estonian, Finnish, Hebrew, Sanskrit
• nsubj:exist: Erzya
• nsubj:exit: Erzya
• nsubj:expl: French
• nsubj:forpurpose: Erzya
• nsubj:lvc: Hungarian
• nsubj:nc: Persian, Telugu
• nsubj:own: Erzya, Marathi
• nsubj:pass: Afrikaans, Ancient Greek, Arabic, Belarusian, Bulgarian, Buryat, Catalan, Chinese, Croatian, Czech, Dutch, English, French, Galician, German, Gothic, Hindi, Indonesian, Italian, Korean, Latin, Latvian, Maltese, Marathi, Norwegian, Old Church Slavonic, Persian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Sanskrit, Slovak, Spanish, Swedish, Tamil, Ukrainian, Upper Sorbian
• nsubj:prspron: Erzya
• nsubj:qnt: Erzya

nummod

• nummod:entity: Russian
• nummod:gov: Belarusian, Czech, Lithuanian, Russian, Sanskrit, Serbian, Ukrainian, Upper Sorbian

obj

• obj:agent: French
• obj:cau: Uyghur
• obj:dir: Ancient Greek, Gothic, Latin, Old Church Slavonic
• obj:emph: Erzya
• obj:lvc: Hungarian
• obj:prspron: Erzya

obl

• obl:agent: Ancient Greek, Belarusian, Chinese, Czech, English, French, Gothic, Hindi, Italian, Latin, Lithuanian, Old Church Slavonic, Polish, Portuguese, Russian, Sanskrit, Slovak, Swedish
• obl:arg: Czech, Greek, Polish, Sanskrit, Slovak
• obl:cau: Telugu
• obl:gmod: Russian
• obl:loc: Danish
• obl:npmod: English
• obl:own: Kazakh
• obl:patient: Chinese
• obl:prep: Irish
• obl:tmod: Arabic, Cantonese, Chinese, Danish, English, French, German, Hebrew, Hindi, Irish, Italian, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish, Telugu, Turkish

orphan

• orphan:obj: Erzya
• orphan:obl: Erzya
• orphan:subjassoccoll: Erzya

parataxis

• parataxis:deletion: Norwegian
• parataxis:discourse: Slovenian, Ukrainian
• parataxis:hashtag: Italian
• parataxis:insert: Italian
• parataxis:newsent: Ukrainian
• parataxis:nsubj: Italian
• parataxis:obj: Italian
• parataxis:restart: Slovenian

vocative

• vocative:mention: Italian

xcomp

• xcomp:adj: Portuguese
• xcomp:ds: Finnish
• xcomp:exist: Erzya
• xcomp:obj: North Sami
• xcomp:pred: Irish, North Sami
• xcomp:sp: Ukrainian