process_win.cpp

#include "process.hpp"
#include <windows.h>
#include <cstring>
#include <TlHelp32.h>
#include <stdexcept>

namespace TinyProcessLib {

Process::Data::Data() noexcept : id(0), handle(NULL) {}

// Simple HANDLE wrapper to close it automatically from the destructor.
class Handle {
public:
  Handle() noexcept : handle(INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) { }
  ~Handle() noexcept {
    close();
  }
  void close() noexcept {
    if (handle != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
      CloseHandle(handle);
  }
  HANDLE detach() noexcept {
    HANDLE old_handle = handle;
    handle = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
    return old_handle;
  }
  operator HANDLE() const noexcept { return handle; }
  HANDLE* operator&() noexcept { return &handle; }
private:
  HANDLE handle;
};

//Based on the discussion thread: https://www.reddit.com/r/cpp/comments/3vpjqg/a_new_platform_independent_process_library_for_c11/cxq1wsj
std::mutex create_process_mutex;

//Based on the example at https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms682499(v=vs.85).aspx.
Process::id_type Process::open(const string_type &command, const string_type &path) noexcept {
  if(open_stdin)
    stdin_fd=std::unique_ptr<fd_type>(new fd_type(NULL));
  if(read_stdout)
    stdout_fd=std::unique_ptr<fd_type>(new fd_type(NULL));
  if(read_stderr)
    stderr_fd=std::unique_ptr<fd_type>(new fd_type(NULL));

  Handle stdin_rd_p;
  Handle stdin_wr_p;
  Handle stdout_rd_p;
  Handle stdout_wr_p;
  Handle stderr_rd_p;
  Handle stderr_wr_p;

  SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES security_attributes;

  security_attributes.nLength = sizeof(SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES);
  security_attributes.bInheritHandle = TRUE;
  security_attributes.lpSecurityDescriptor = nullptr;

  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(create_process_mutex);
  if(stdin_fd) {
    if (!CreatePipe(&stdin_rd_p, &stdin_wr_p, &security_attributes, 0) ||
        !SetHandleInformation(stdin_wr_p, HANDLE_FLAG_INHERIT, 0))
      return 0;
  }
  if(stdout_fd) {
    if (!CreatePipe(&stdout_rd_p, &stdout_wr_p, &security_attributes, 0) ||
        !SetHandleInformation(stdout_rd_p, HANDLE_FLAG_INHERIT, 0)) {
      return 0;
    }
  }
  if(stderr_fd) {
    if (!CreatePipe(&stderr_rd_p, &stderr_wr_p, &security_attributes, 0) ||
        !SetHandleInformation(stderr_rd_p, HANDLE_FLAG_INHERIT, 0)) {
      return 0;
    }
  }

  PROCESS_INFORMATION process_info;
  STARTUPINFO startup_info;

  ZeroMemory(&process_info, sizeof(PROCESS_INFORMATION));

  ZeroMemory(&startup_info, sizeof(STARTUPINFO));
  startup_info.cb = sizeof(STARTUPINFO);
  startup_info.hStdInput = stdin_rd_p;
  startup_info.hStdOutput = stdout_wr_p;
  startup_info.hStdError = stderr_wr_p;
  if(stdin_fd || stdout_fd || stderr_fd)
    startup_info.dwFlags |= STARTF_USESTDHANDLES;

  string_type process_command=command;
#ifdef MSYS_PROCESS_USE_SH
  size_t pos=0;
  while((pos=process_command.find('\\', pos))!=string_type::npos) {
    process_command.replace(pos, 1, "\\\\\\\\");
    pos+=4;
  }
  pos=0;
  while((pos=process_command.find('\"', pos))!=string_type::npos) {
    process_command.replace(pos, 1, "\\\"");
    pos+=2;
  }
  process_command.insert(0, "sh -c \"");
  process_command+="\"";
#endif

  BOOL bSuccess = CreateProcess(nullptr, process_command.empty()?nullptr:&process_command[0], nullptr, nullptr, TRUE, 0,
                                nullptr, path.empty()?nullptr:path.c_str(), &startup_info, &process_info);

  if(!bSuccess)
    return 0;
  else
    CloseHandle(process_info.hThread);

  if(stdin_fd) *stdin_fd=stdin_wr_p.detach();
  if(stdout_fd) *stdout_fd=stdout_rd_p.detach();
  if(stderr_fd) *stderr_fd=stderr_rd_p.detach();

  closed=false;
  data.id=process_info.dwProcessId;
  data.handle=process_info.hProcess;
  return process_info.dwProcessId;
}

void Process::async_read() noexcept {
  if(data.id==0)
    return;

  if(stdout_fd) {
    stdout_thread=std::thread([this](){
      DWORD n;
      std::unique_ptr<char[]> buffer(new char[buffer_size]);
      for (;;) {
        BOOL bSuccess = ReadFile(*stdout_fd, static_cast<CHAR*>(buffer.get()), static_cast<DWORD>(buffer_size), &n, nullptr);
        if(!bSuccess || n == 0)
          break;
        read_stdout(buffer.get(), static_cast<size_t>(n));
      }
    });
  }
  if(stderr_fd) {
    stderr_thread=std::thread([this](){
      DWORD n;
      std::unique_ptr<char[]> buffer(new char[buffer_size]);
      for (;;) {
        BOOL bSuccess = ReadFile(*stderr_fd, static_cast<CHAR*>(buffer.get()), static_cast<DWORD>(buffer_size), &n, nullptr);
        if(!bSuccess || n == 0)
          break;
        read_stderr(buffer.get(), static_cast<size_t>(n));
      }
    });
  }
}

int Process::get_exit_status() noexcept {
  if(data.id==0)
    return -1;

  DWORD exit_status;
  WaitForSingleObject(data.handle, INFINITE);
  if(!GetExitCodeProcess(data.handle, &exit_status))
    exit_status=-1;
  {
    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(close_mutex);
    CloseHandle(data.handle);
    closed=true;
  }
  close_fds();

  return static_cast<int>(exit_status);
}

bool Process::try_get_exit_status(int &exit_status) noexcept {
  if(data.id==0)
    return false;

  DWORD wait_status = WaitForSingleObject(data.handle, 0);

  if (wait_status == WAIT_TIMEOUT)
    return false;

  DWORD exit_status_win;
  if(!GetExitCodeProcess(data.handle, &exit_status_win))
    exit_status_win=-1;
  {
    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(close_mutex);
    CloseHandle(data.handle);
    closed=true;
  }
  close_fds();

  exit_status = static_cast<int>(exit_status_win);
  return true;
}

void Process::close_fds() noexcept {
  if(stdout_thread.joinable())
    stdout_thread.join();
  if(stderr_thread.joinable())
    stderr_thread.join();
  
  if(stdin_fd)
    close_stdin();
  if(stdout_fd) {
    if(*stdout_fd!=NULL) CloseHandle(*stdout_fd);
    stdout_fd.reset();
  }
  if(stderr_fd) {
    if(*stderr_fd!=NULL) CloseHandle(*stderr_fd);
    stderr_fd.reset();
  }
}

bool Process::write(const char *bytes, size_t n) {
  if(!open_stdin)
    throw std::invalid_argument("Can't write to an unopened stdin pipe. Please set open_stdin=true when constructing the process.");

  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(stdin_mutex);
  if(stdin_fd) {
    DWORD written;
    BOOL bSuccess=WriteFile(*stdin_fd, bytes, static_cast<DWORD>(n), &written, nullptr);
    if(!bSuccess || written==0) {
      return false;
    }
    else {
      return true;
    }
  }
  return false;
}

void Process::close_stdin() noexcept {
  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(stdin_mutex);
  if(stdin_fd) {
    if(*stdin_fd!=NULL) CloseHandle(*stdin_fd);
    stdin_fd.reset();
  }
}

//Based on http://stackoverflow.com/a/1173396
void Process::kill(bool /*force*/) noexcept {
  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(close_mutex);
  if(data.id>0 && !closed) {
    HANDLE snapshot = CreateToolhelp32Snapshot(TH32CS_SNAPPROCESS, 0);
    if(snapshot) {
      PROCESSENTRY32 process;
      ZeroMemory(&process, sizeof(process));
      process.dwSize = sizeof(process);
      if(Process32First(snapshot, &process)) {
        do {
          if(process.th32ParentProcessID==data.id) {
            HANDLE process_handle = OpenProcess(PROCESS_TERMINATE, FALSE, process.th32ProcessID);
            if(process_handle) {
              TerminateProcess(process_handle, 2);
              CloseHandle(process_handle);
            }
          }
        } while (Process32Next(snapshot, &process));
      }
      CloseHandle(snapshot);
    }
    TerminateProcess(data.handle, 2);
  }
}

//Based on http://stackoverflow.com/a/1173396
void Process::kill(id_type id, bool /*force*/) noexcept {
  if(id==0)
    return;

  HANDLE snapshot = CreateToolhelp32Snapshot(TH32CS_SNAPPROCESS, 0);
  if(snapshot) {
    PROCESSENTRY32 process;
    ZeroMemory(&process, sizeof(process));
    process.dwSize = sizeof(process);
    if(Process32First(snapshot, &process)) {
      do {
        if(process.th32ParentProcessID==id) {
          HANDLE process_handle = OpenProcess(PROCESS_TERMINATE, FALSE, process.th32ProcessID);
          if(process_handle) {
            TerminateProcess(process_handle, 2);
            CloseHandle(process_handle);
          }
        }
      } while (Process32Next(snapshot, &process));
    }
    CloseHandle(snapshot);
  }
  HANDLE process_handle = OpenProcess(PROCESS_TERMINATE, FALSE, id);
  if(process_handle) TerminateProcess(process_handle, 2);
}

} // TinyProsessLib