虽然直接使用Django作为开发环境也可以,但是为了能够模拟线上生产环境,还是搭建Nginx结合uWSGI来实现:
the web client <-> the web server <-> the socket <-> uwsgi <-> Django
- 启用virtualenv - 这里设置虚拟环境的名字是 venv ,也可以用其他名字
virtualenv venv
cd venv
source bin/activate
- 安装Django到这虚拟环境
注意:我的实践案例是将Django的站点部署在
/home/huatai/works/mysite
pip install Django
cd ~/works
django-admin.py startproject mysite
cd mysite
- 在虚拟环境安装uWSGI
pip install uwsgi
- 安装nginx
yum install nginx
注意:参考centos部署nginx php对于没有开启IPv6的系统,需要注释掉
nginx.conf
中的#listen [::]:80 default_server;
。注意:默认CentOS7开启了防火墙,需要增加端口访问:
sudo firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=80/tcp --permanent
sudo firewall-cmd --reload
/etc/nginx/conf.d/mysite_niginx.conf
配置如下
# the upstream component nginx needs to connect to
upstream django {
# server unix:///path/to/your/mysite/mysite.sock; # for a file socket
server unix:///nfs-data/dev-7/huatai/works/mysite/sock;
# server 127.0.0.1:8000; # for a web port socket (we'll use this first)
}
# configuration of the server
server {
# the port your site will be served on
# listen 8000;
listen 80;
# the domain name it will serve for
server_name .example.com; # substitute your machine's IP address or FQDN
charset utf-8;
# max upload size
client_max_body_size 75M; # adjust to taste
# Django media
location /media {
# alias /path/to/your/mysite/media; # your Django project's media files - amend as required
alias /nfs-data/dev-7/huatai/works/mysite/media;
}
location /static {
# alias /home/huatai/works/mysite/static; # your Django project's static files - amend as required
alias /nfs-data/dev-7/huatai/works/mysite/static;
}
# Finally, send all non-media requests to the Django server.
location / {
uwsgi_pass django;
# include /path/to/your/mysite/uwsgi_params; # the uwsgi_params file you installed
include /etc/nginx/uwsgi_params; # the uwsgi_params file you installed
}
}
- 部署静态文件
在运行nginx之前,还需要在static目录搜集所有Django静态文件,也就是编辑mysite/settings.py
配置添加
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "static/")
上述配置是
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
之后,也就是如下配置
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "static/")
然后运行
python manage.py collectstatic
执行该命令之后,会自动在/home/huatai/works/mysite
下创建 static
子目录
- 运行Django
uwsgi --socket /nfs-data/dev-7/huatai/works/mysite/sock --module mysite.wsgi --chmod-socket=664
如果要简化启动时候参数传递,则在/home/huatai/works/mysite
下增加mysite_uwsgi.ini
配置(这里设置10个并发线程)
# mysite_uwsgi.ini file
[uwsgi]
# Django-related settings
# the base directory (full path)
chdir = /home/huatai/works/mysite
# Django's wsgi file
module = mysite.wsgi
# the virtualenv (full path)
home = /home/huatai/venv
# process-related settings
# master
master = true
# maximum number of worker processes
processes = 10
# the socket (use the full path to be safe
socket = /nfs-data/dev-7/huatai/works/mysite/sock
# ... with appropriate permissions - may be needed
chmod-socket = 664
# clear environment on exit
vacuum = true
然后执行
uwsgi --ini mysite_uwsgi.ini
- 重新启动nginx
sudo systemctl restart nginx
此时,通过 http://example.com 或者主机的IP地址就可以访问到django的页面