dwm.c

/* See LICENSE file for copyright and license details.
 *
 * dynamic window manager is designed like any other X client as well. It is
 * driven through handling X events. In contrast to other X clients, a window
 * manager selects for SubstructureRedirectMask on the root window, to receive
 * events about window (dis-)appearance. Only one X connection at a time is
 * allowed to select for this event mask.
 *
 * The event handlers of dwm are organized in an array which is accessed
 * whenever a new event has been fetched. This allows event dispatching
 * in O(1) time.
 *
 * Each child of the root window is called a client, except windows which have
 * set the override_redirect flag. Clients are organized in a linked client
 * list on each monitor, the focus history is remembered through a stack list
 * on each monitor. Each client contains a bit array to indicate the tags of a
 * client.
 *
 * Keys and tagging rules are organized as arrays and defined in config.h.
 *
 * To understand everything else, start reading main().
 */
#include <errno.h>
#include <locale.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <X11/cursorfont.h>
#include <X11/keysym.h>
#include <X11/Xatom.h>
#include <X11/Xlib.h>
#include <X11/Xproto.h>
#include <X11/Xutil.h>
#ifdef XINERAMA
#include <X11/extensions/Xinerama.h>
#endif /* XINERAMA */
#include <X11/Xft/Xft.h>
#include <X11/Xlib-xcb.h>
#include <xcb/res.h>
#ifdef __OpenBSD__
#include <sys/sysctl.h>
#include <kvm.h>
#endif /* __OpenBSD */

#include "drw.h"
#include "util.h"

/* macros */
#define BUTTONMASK              (ButtonPressMask|ButtonReleaseMask)
#define CLEANMASK(mask)         (mask & ~(numlockmask|LockMask) & (ShiftMask|ControlMask|Mod1Mask|Mod2Mask|Mod3Mask|Mod4Mask|Mod5Mask))
#define INTERSECT(x,y,w,h,m)    (MAX(0, MIN((x)+(w),(m)->wx+(m)->ww) - MAX((x),(m)->wx)) \
                               * MAX(0, MIN((y)+(h),(m)->wy+(m)->wh) - MAX((y),(m)->wy)))
#define ISVISIBLE(C)            ((C->tags & C->mon->tagset[C->mon->seltags]) || C->issticky)
#define HIDDEN(C)               ((getstate(C->win) == IconicState))
#define LENGTH(X)               (sizeof X / sizeof X[0])
#define MOUSEMASK               (BUTTONMASK|PointerMotionMask)
#define WIDTH(X)                ((X)->w + 2 * (X)->bw + gappx)
#define HEIGHT(X)               ((X)->h + 2 * (X)->bw + gappx)
#define TAGMASK                 ((1 << LENGTH(tags)) - 1)
#define TEXTW(X,F)                (drw_fontset_getwidth(drw, (X),(F)) + lrpad)
#define ColFloat                3
#define OPAQUE                  0xffU

#define SYSTEM_TRAY_REQUEST_DOCK    0
#define _NET_SYSTEM_TRAY_ORIENTATION_HORZ 0
/* XEMBED messages */
#define XEMBED_EMBEDDED_NOTIFY      0
#define XEMBED_WINDOW_ACTIVATE      1
#define XEMBED_FOCUS_IN             4
#define XEMBED_MODALITY_ON         10
#define XEMBED_MAPPED              (1 << 0)
#define XEMBED_WINDOW_ACTIVATE      1
#define XEMBED_WINDOW_DEACTIVATE    2
#define VERSION_MAJOR               0
#define VERSION_MINOR               0
#define XEMBED_EMBEDDED_VERSION (VERSION_MAJOR << 16) | VERSION_MINOR

/* enums */
enum { CurNormal, CurResize, CurMove, CurLast }; /* cursor */
enum { SchemeNorm, SchemeSel, SchemeHid }; /* color schemes */
enum { Manager, Xembed, XembedInfo, XLast }; /* Xembed atoms */
enum { NetSupported, NetSystemTray, NetSystemTrayOP, NetSystemTrayOrientation, NetSystemTrayVisual,
       NetWMName, NetWMSticky, NetWMIcon, NetWMState, NetWMFullscreen, NetActiveWindow, NetWMWindowType, NetWMWindowTypeDock,
       NetSystemTrayOrientationHorz, NetWMWindowTypeDialog, NetClientList, NetWMCheck, NetClientInfo, NetLast }; /* EWMH atoms */
enum { WMProtocols, WMDelete, WMState, WMTakeFocus, WMLast }; /* default atoms */
enum { ClkTagBar, ClkLtSymbol, ClkStatusText, ClkButton, ClkWinTitle,
       ClkClientWin, ClkRootWin, ClkLast }; /* clicks */

typedef union {
    int i;
    unsigned int ui;
    float f;
    const void *v;
} Arg;

typedef struct {
    unsigned int click;
    unsigned int mask;
    unsigned int button;
    void (*func)(const Arg *arg);
    const Arg arg;
} Button;

typedef struct Monitor Monitor;
typedef struct Client Client;
struct Client {
    char name[256];
    float mina, maxa;
    int x, y, w, h;
    int oldx, oldy, oldw, oldh;
    int basew, baseh, incw, inch, maxw, maxh, minw, minh, hintsvalid;
    int bw, oldbw;
    unsigned int tags;
    int isfixed, isfloating, isurgent, neverfocus, oldstate, isfullscreen, isterminal, noswallow, issticky;
    pid_t pid;
    unsigned int icw, ich; Picture icon;
	int ignoresizehints;
    Client *next;
    Client *snext;
    Client *swallowing;
    Monitor *mon;
    Window win;
};

typedef struct {
    unsigned int mod;
    KeySym keysym;
    void (*func)(const Arg *);
    const Arg arg;
} Key;

typedef struct {
    const char *symbol;
    void (*arrange)(Monitor *);
} Layout;

typedef struct Pertag Pertag;
struct Monitor {
    char ltsymbol[16];
    float mfact;
    int nmaster;
    int num;
    int by;               /* bar geometry */
    int btw;              /* width of tasks portion of bar */
    int bt;               /* number of tasks */
    int mx, my, mw, mh;   /* screen size */
    int wx, wy, ww, wh;   /* window area  */
    unsigned int seltags;
    unsigned int sellt;
    unsigned int tagset[2];
	unsigned int alttag;
    int showbar;
    int topbar;
    int hidsel;
    Client *clients;
    Client *sel;
    Client *stack;
    Monitor *next;
    Window barwin;
    const Layout *lt[2];
	Pertag *pertag;
};

typedef struct {
    const char *class;
    const char *instance;
    const char *title;
    unsigned int tags;
    int isfloating;
	const char *floatpos;
    int isterminal;
    int noswallow;
    int monitor;
} Rule;

typedef struct Systray Systray;
struct Systray {
    Window win;
    Client *icons;
};

/* function declarations */
static void applyrules(Client *c);
static int applysizehints(Client *c, int *x, int *y, int *w, int *h, int *bw, int interact);
static void arrange(Monitor *m);
static void arrangemon(Monitor *m);
static void attach(Client *c);
static void attachstack(Client *c);
static void buttonpress(XEvent *e);
static void checkotherwm(void);
static void cleanup(void);
static void cleanupmon(Monitor *mon);
static void clientmessage(XEvent *e);
static void configure(Client *c);
static void configurenotify(XEvent *e);
static void configurerequest(XEvent *e);
static Monitor *createmon(void);
static void destroynotify(XEvent *e);
static void detach(Client *c);
static void detachstack(Client *c);
static Monitor *dirtomon(int dir);
static void drawbar(Monitor *m);
static void drawbars(void);
// static void enternotify(XEvent *e);
static void expose(XEvent *e);
static void floatpos(const Arg *arg);
static void focus(Client *c);
static void focusin(XEvent *e);
static void focusmon(const Arg *arg);
static void focusstackvis(const Arg *arg);
static void focusstackhid(const Arg *arg);
static void focusstack(int inc, int vis);
static Atom getatomprop(Client *c, Atom prop);
static void getfloatpos(int pos, char pCh, int size, char sCh, int min_p, int max_s, int cp, int cs, int cbw, int defgrid, int *out_p, int *out_s);
static Picture geticonprop(Window w, unsigned int *icw, unsigned int *ich);
static int getrootptr(int *x, int *y);
static long getstate(Window w);
static int gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size);
static unsigned int getsystraywidth();
static void grabbuttons(Client *c, int focused);
static void grabkeys(void);
static void hidewin(Client *c);
static void incnmaster(const Arg *arg);
static void keypress(XEvent *e);
static void keyrelease(XEvent *e);
static void killclient(const Arg *arg);
static void layoutmenu(const Arg *arg);
static void manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa);
static void mappingnotify(XEvent *e);
static void maprequest(XEvent *e);
static void monocle(Monitor *m);
static void motionnotify(XEvent *e);
static void movemouse(const Arg *arg);
static Client *nexttiled(Client *c);
static void pop(Client *c);
static void propertynotify(XEvent *e);
static void quit(const Arg *arg);
static Monitor *recttomon(int x, int y, int w, int h);
static void resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, int bw, int interact);
static void resizeclient(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, int bw);
static void resizemouse(const Arg *arg);
static void removesystrayicon(Client *i);
static void resizerequest(XEvent *e);
static void restack(Monitor *m);
static void run(void);
static void scan(void);
static int sendevent(Window w, Atom proto, int m, long d0, long d1, long d2, long d3, long d4);
static void sendmon(Client *c, Monitor *m);
static void setclientstate(Client *c, long state);
static void setclienttagprop(Client *c);
static void setfloatpos(Client *c, const char *floatpos);
static void setfocus(Client *c);
static void setfullscreen(Client *c, int fullscreen);
static void setsticky(Client *c, int sticky);
static void setlayout(const Arg *arg);
static void setmfact(const Arg *arg);
static void setup(void);
static void seturgent(Client *c, int urg);
static void showwin(Client *c);
static void showhide(Client *c);
static void sigchld(int unused);
static void sighup(int unused);
static void sigterm(int unused);
static void spawn(const Arg *arg);
static void stairs(Monitor *m);
static Monitor *systraytomon(Monitor *m);
static void tag(const Arg *arg);
static void tagmon(const Arg *arg);
static void tile(Monitor *m);
static void togglealttag(const Arg *arg);
static void togglebar(const Arg *arg);
static void togglefloating(const Arg *arg);
static void togglesticky(const Arg *arg);
static void toggletag(const Arg *arg);
static void toggleview(const Arg *arg);
static void freeicon(Client *c);
static void togglewin(const Arg *arg);
static void unfocus(Client *c, int setfocus);
static void unmanage(Client *c, int destroyed);
static void unmapnotify(XEvent *e);
static void updatebarpos(Monitor *m);
static void updatebars(void);
static void updateclientlist(void);
static int updategeom(void);
static void updatenumlockmask(void);
static void updatesizehints(Client *c);
static void updatestatus(void);
static void updatesystray(int updatebar);
static void updatesystrayicongeom(Client *i, int w, int h);
static void updatesystrayiconstate(Client *i, XPropertyEvent *ev);
static void updatetitle(Client *c);
static void updateicon(Client *c);
static void updatewindowtype(Client *c);
static void updatewmhints(Client *c);
static void view(const Arg *arg);
static Client *wintoclient(Window w);
static Monitor *wintomon(Window w);
static Client *wintosystrayicon(Window w);
static int xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
static int xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
static int xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
static void xinitvisual();
static void zoom(const Arg *arg);
static void autostart_exec(void);

static pid_t getparentprocess(pid_t p);
static int isdescprocess(pid_t p, pid_t c);
static Client *swallowingclient(Window w);
static Client *termforwin(const Client *c);
static pid_t winpid(Window w);

/* variables */
static Client *lastfocused = NULL;
static const char broken[] = "broken";
static char stext[256];
static int screen;
static int sw, sh;           /* X display screen geometry width, height */
static int bh;               /* bar height */
static int lrpad;            /* sum of left and right padding for text */
static int (*xerrorxlib)(Display *, XErrorEvent *);
static unsigned int numlockmask = 0;
static void (*handler[LASTEvent]) (XEvent *) = {
    [ButtonPress] = buttonpress,
    [ClientMessage] = clientmessage,
    [ConfigureRequest] = configurerequest,
    [ConfigureNotify] = configurenotify,
    [DestroyNotify] = destroynotify,
    // disable mouse moving focus
    // [EnterNotify] = enternotify,
    [Expose] = expose,
    [FocusIn] = focusin,
    [KeyPress] = keypress,
	[KeyRelease] = keyrelease,
    [MappingNotify] = mappingnotify,
    [MapRequest] = maprequest,
    [MotionNotify] = motionnotify,
    [PropertyNotify] = propertynotify,
    [ResizeRequest] = resizerequest,
    [UnmapNotify] = unmapnotify
};
static Atom wmatom[WMLast], netatom[NetLast], xatom[XLast];
static int restart = 0;
static int running = 1;
static Cur *cursor[CurLast];
static Clr **scheme;
static Clr **tagscheme;
static Display *dpy;
static Drw *drw;
static Monitor *mons, *selmon;
static Window root, wmcheckwin;

static Systray *systray = NULL;
static unsigned long systrayorientation = _NET_SYSTEM_TRAY_ORIENTATION_HORZ;

static int useargb = 0;
static Visual *visual;
static int depth;
static Colormap cmap;

static xcb_connection_t *xcon;

/* configuration, allows nested code to access above variables */
#include "config.def.h"

struct Pertag {
	unsigned int curtag, prevtag; /* current and previous tag */
	int nmasters[LENGTH(tags) + 1]; /* number of windows in master area */
	float mfacts[LENGTH(tags) + 1]; /* mfacts per tag */
	unsigned int sellts[LENGTH(tags) + 1]; /* selected layouts */
	const Layout *ltidxs[LENGTH(tags) + 1][2]; /* matrix of tags and layouts indexes  */
	int showbars[LENGTH(tags) + 1]; /* display bar for the current tag */
};

/* compile-time check if all tags fit into an unsigned int bit array. */
struct NumTags { char limitexceeded[LENGTH(tags) > 31 ? -1 : 1]; };

/* dwm will keep pid's of processes from autostart array and kill them at quit */
static pid_t *autostart_pids;
static size_t autostart_len;

/* execute command from autostart array */
static void
autostart_exec() {
    const char *const *p;
    size_t i = 0;

    /* count entries */
    for (p = autostart; *p; autostart_len++, p++)
        while (*++p);

    autostart_pids = malloc(autostart_len * sizeof(pid_t));
    for (p = autostart; *p; i++, p++) {
        if ((autostart_pids[i] = fork()) == 0) {
            setsid();
            execvp(*p, (char *const *)p);
            fprintf(stderr, "dwm: execvp %s\n", *p);
            perror(" failed");
            _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
        /* skip arguments */
        while (*++p);
    }
}

/* function implementations */
void
applyrules(Client *c)
{
    const char *class, *instance;
    unsigned int i;
    const Rule *r;
    Monitor *m;
    XClassHint ch = { NULL, NULL };

    /* rule matching */
    c->isfloating = 0;
    c->tags = 0;
    XGetClassHint(dpy, c->win, &ch);
    class    = ch.res_class ? ch.res_class : broken;
    instance = ch.res_name  ? ch.res_name  : broken;

    for (i = 0; i < LENGTH(rules); i++) {
        r = &rules[i];
        if ((!r->title || strstr(c->name, r->title))
        && (!r->class || strstr(class, r->class))
        && (!r->instance || strstr(instance, r->instance)))
        {
            c->isterminal = r->isterminal;
            c->noswallow  = r->noswallow;
            c->isfloating = r->isfloating;
            c->tags |= r->tags;
            for (m = mons; m && m->num != r->monitor; m = m->next);
            if (m)
                c->mon = m;
			if (c->isfloating && r->floatpos)
				setfloatpos(c, r->floatpos);
        }
    }
    if (ch.res_class)
        XFree(ch.res_class);
    if (ch.res_name)
        XFree(ch.res_name);
    c->tags = c->tags & TAGMASK ? c->tags & TAGMASK : c->mon->tagset[c->mon->seltags];
}

int
applysizehints(Client *c, int *x, int *y, int *w, int *h, int *bw, int interact)
{
    int baseismin;
    Monitor *m = c->mon;

    /* set minimum possible */
    *w = MAX(1, *w);
    *h = MAX(1, *h);
    if (interact) {
        if (*x > sw)
            *x = sw - WIDTH(c);
        if (*y > sh)
            *y = sh - HEIGHT(c);
        if (*x + *w + 2 * *bw < 0)
            *x = 0;
        if (*y + *h + 2 * *bw < 0)
            *y = 0;
    } else {
        if (*x >= m->wx + m->ww)
            *x = m->wx + m->ww - WIDTH(c);
        if (*y >= m->wy + m->wh)
            *y = m->wy + m->wh - HEIGHT(c);
        if (*x + *w + 2 * *bw <= m->wx)
            *x = m->wx;
        if (*y + *h + 2 * *bw <= m->wy)
            *y = m->wy;
    }
    if (*h < bh)
        *h = bh;
    if (*w < bh)
        *w = bh;
    if(!c->ignoresizehints && (resizehints || c->isfloating || !c->mon->lt[c->mon->sellt]->arrange)) {
        if (!c->hintsvalid)
            updatesizehints(c);
        /* see last two sentences in ICCCM 4.1.2.3 */
        baseismin = c->basew == c->minw && c->baseh == c->minh;
        if (!baseismin) { /* temporarily remove base dimensions */
            *w -= c->basew;
            *h -= c->baseh;
        }
        /* adjust for aspect limits */
        if (c->mina > 0 && c->maxa > 0) {
            if (c->maxa < (float)*w / *h)
                *w = *h * c->maxa + 0.5;
            else if (c->mina < (float)*h / *w)
                *h = *w * c->mina + 0.5;
        }
        if (baseismin) { /* increment calculation requires this */
            *w -= c->basew;
            *h -= c->baseh;
        }
        /* adjust for increment value */
        if (c->incw)
            *w -= *w % c->incw;
        if (c->inch)
            *h -= *h % c->inch;
        /* restore base dimensions */
        *w = MAX(*w + c->basew, c->minw);
        *h = MAX(*h + c->baseh, c->minh);
        if (c->maxw)
            *w = MIN(*w, c->maxw);
        if (c->maxh)
            *h = MIN(*h, c->maxh);
    }
	return *x != c->x || *y != c->y || *w != c->w || *h != c->h || *bw != c->bw;
}

void
arrange(Monitor *m)
{
    if (m)
        showhide(m->stack);
    else for (m = mons; m; m = m->next)
        showhide(m->stack);
    if (m) {
        arrangemon(m);
        restack(m);
    } else for (m = mons; m; m = m->next)
        arrangemon(m);
}

void
arrangemon(Monitor *m)
{
    Client *c;

    strncpy(m->ltsymbol, m->lt[m->sellt]->symbol, sizeof m->ltsymbol);
    if (m->lt[m->sellt]->arrange)
        m->lt[m->sellt]->arrange(m);
	else
		/* <>< case; rather than providing an arrange function and upsetting other logic that tests for its presence, simply add borders here */
		for (c = selmon->clients; c; c = c->next)
			if (ISVISIBLE(c) && c->bw == 0)
				resize(c, c->x, c->y, c->w - 2*borderpx, c->h - 2*borderpx, borderpx, 0);
}

void
attach(Client *c)
{
    c->next = c->mon->clients;
    c->mon->clients = c;
}

void
attachstack(Client *c)
{
    c->snext = c->mon->stack;
    c->mon->stack = c;
}

void
swallow(Client *p, Client *c)
{

    if (c->noswallow || c->isterminal)
        return;
    if (c->noswallow && !swallowfloating && c->isfloating)
        return;

    detach(c);
    detachstack(c);

    setclientstate(c, WithdrawnState);
    XUnmapWindow(dpy, p->win);

    p->swallowing = c;
    c->mon = p->mon;

    Window w = p->win;
    p->win = c->win;
    c->win = w;
    updatetitle(p);
    XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, p->win, p->x, p->y, p->w, p->h);
    arrange(p->mon);
    configure(p);
    updateclientlist();
}

void
unswallow(Client *c)
{
    c->win = c->swallowing->win;

    free(c->swallowing);
    c->swallowing = NULL;

    /* unfullscreen the client */
    setfullscreen(c, 0);
    updatetitle(c);
    arrange(c->mon);
    XMapWindow(dpy, c->win);
    XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
    setclientstate(c, NormalState);
    focus(NULL);
    arrange(c->mon);
}

void
buttonpress(XEvent *e)
{
    unsigned int i, x, click;
    Arg arg = {0};
    Client *c;
    Monitor *m;
    XButtonPressedEvent *ev = &e->xbutton;

    click = ClkRootWin;
    /* focus monitor if necessary */
    if ((m = wintomon(ev->window)) && m != selmon) {
        unfocus(selmon->sel, 1);
        selmon = m;
        focus(NULL);
    }
    if (ev->window == selmon->barwin) {
        i = x = 0;
        unsigned int occ = 0;
        for(c = m->clients; c; c=c->next)
            occ |= c->tags;
        x += TEXTW(buttonbar, 0);
        if(ev->x < x) {
            click = ClkButton;
        } else {
            do {
                /* Do not reserve space for vacant tags */
                if (!(occ & 1 << i || m->tagset[m->seltags] & 1 << i))
                    continue;
			    x += TEXTW(tags[i],0);
            } while (ev->x >= x && ++i < LENGTH(tags));
            if (i < LENGTH(tags)) {
                click = ClkTagBar;
                arg.ui = 1 << i;
            } else if (ev->x < x + TEXTW(selmon->ltsymbol, 0))
                click = ClkLtSymbol;
            else if (ev->x > selmon->ww - TEXTW(stext, 0) - getsystraywidth() + lrpad - 2)
                click = ClkStatusText;
            else {
                x += TEXTW(selmon->ltsymbol, 0);
                c = m->clients;
                if (c) {
                    do {
                        if (!ISVISIBLE(c))
                            continue;
                        else
                            x +=(1.0 / (double)m->bt) * m->btw;
                    } while (ev->x > x && (c = c->next));
                    click = ClkWinTitle;
                    arg.v = c;
                }
            }
        }
    } else if ((c = wintoclient(ev->window))) {
        focus(c);
        restack(selmon);
        XAllowEvents(dpy, ReplayPointer, CurrentTime);
        click = ClkClientWin;
    }
    for (i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++)
        if (click == buttons[i].click && buttons[i].func && buttons[i].button == ev->button
        && CLEANMASK(buttons[i].mask) == CLEANMASK(ev->state))
            buttons[i].func((click == ClkTagBar || click == ClkWinTitle) && buttons[i].arg.i == 0 ? &arg : &buttons[i].arg);
}

void
checkotherwm(void)
{
    xerrorxlib = XSetErrorHandler(xerrorstart);
    /* this causes an error if some other window manager is running */
    XSelectInput(dpy, DefaultRootWindow(dpy), SubstructureRedirectMask);
    XSync(dpy, False);
    XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
    XSync(dpy, False);
}

void
cleanup(void)
{
    Arg a = {.ui = ~0};
    Layout foo = { "", NULL };
    Monitor *m;
    size_t i;

    view(&a);
    selmon->lt[selmon->sellt] = &foo;
    for (m = mons; m; m = m->next)
        while (m->stack)
            unmanage(m->stack, 0);
    XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
    while (mons)
        cleanupmon(mons);
    if (showsystray) {
        while (systray->icons)
            removesystrayicon(systray->icons);
        XUnmapWindow(dpy, systray->win);
        XDestroyWindow(dpy, systray->win);
        free(systray);
    }
    for (i = 0; i < CurLast; i++)
        drw_cur_free(drw, cursor[i]);
    for (i = 0; i < LENGTH(colors); i++)
        free(scheme[i]);
    for (i = 0; i < LENGTH(tagsel); i++)
        free(tagscheme[i]);
    free(scheme);
    free(tagscheme);
    XDestroyWindow(dpy, wmcheckwin);
    drw_free(drw);
    XSync(dpy, False);
    XSetInputFocus(dpy, PointerRoot, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
    XDeleteProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetActiveWindow]);
}

void
cleanupmon(Monitor *mon)
{
    Monitor *m;

    if (mon == mons)
        mons = mons->next;
    else {
        for (m = mons; m && m->next != mon; m = m->next);
        m->next = mon->next;
    }
    XUnmapWindow(dpy, mon->barwin);
    XDestroyWindow(dpy, mon->barwin);
    free(mon);
}

void
clientmessage(XEvent *e)
{
    XWindowAttributes wa;
    XSetWindowAttributes swa;
    XClientMessageEvent *cme = &e->xclient;
    Client *c = wintoclient(cme->window);
	unsigned int i;

    if (showsystray && cme->window == systray->win && cme->message_type == netatom[NetSystemTrayOP]) {
        /* add systray icons */
        if (cme->data.l[1] == SYSTEM_TRAY_REQUEST_DOCK) {
            if (!(c = (Client *)calloc(1, sizeof(Client))))
                die("fatal: could not malloc() %u bytes\n", sizeof(Client));
            if (!(c->win = cme->data.l[2])) {
                free(c);
                return;
            }

            c->mon = selmon;
            c->next = systray->icons;
            systray->icons = c;
            XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, c->win, &wa);
            c->x = c->oldx = c->y = c->oldy = 0;
            c->w = c->oldw = wa.width;
            c->h = c->oldh = wa.height;
            c->oldbw = wa.border_width;
            c->bw = 0;
            c->isfloating = True;
            /* reuse tags field as mapped status */
            c->tags = 1;
            updatesizehints(c);
            updatesystrayicongeom(c, wa.width, wa.height);
            XAddToSaveSet(dpy, c->win);
            XSelectInput(dpy, c->win, StructureNotifyMask | PropertyChangeMask | ResizeRedirectMask);
            XReparentWindow(dpy, c->win, systray->win, 0, 0);
            /* use parents background color */
            swa.background_pixel  = scheme[SchemeNorm][ColBg].pixel;
            XChangeWindowAttributes(dpy, c->win, CWBackPixel, &swa);
            sendevent(c->win, netatom[Xembed], StructureNotifyMask, CurrentTime, XEMBED_EMBEDDED_NOTIFY, 0 , systray->win, XEMBED_EMBEDDED_VERSION);
            XSync(dpy, False);
            setclientstate(c, NormalState);
            updatesystray(1);
        }
        return;
    }

    if (!c)
        return;
    if (cme->message_type == netatom[NetWMState]) {
        if (cme->data.l[1] == netatom[NetWMFullscreen]
        || cme->data.l[2] == netatom[NetWMFullscreen])
            setfullscreen(c, (cme->data.l[0] == 1 /* _NET_WM_STATE_ADD    */
                || (cme->data.l[0] == 2 /* _NET_WM_STATE_TOGGLE */ && !c->isfullscreen)));

        if (cme->data.l[1] == netatom[NetWMSticky]
                || cme->data.l[2] == netatom[NetWMSticky])
            setsticky(c, (cme->data.l[0] == 1 || (cme->data.l[0] == 2 && !c->issticky)));
    } else if (cme->message_type == netatom[NetActiveWindow]) {
		for (i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags) && !((1 << i) & c->tags); i++);
		if (i < LENGTH(tags)) {
			const Arg a = {.ui = 1 << i};
			selmon = c->mon;
			view(&a);
			focus(c);
			restack(selmon);
		}
    }
}

void
configure(Client *c)
{
    XConfigureEvent ce;

    ce.type = ConfigureNotify;
    ce.display = dpy;
    ce.event = c->win;
    ce.window = c->win;
    ce.x = c->x;
    ce.y = c->y;
    ce.width = c->w;
    ce.height = c->h;
    ce.border_width = c->bw;
    ce.above = None;
    ce.override_redirect = False;
    XSendEvent(dpy, c->win, False, StructureNotifyMask, (XEvent *)&ce);
}

void
configurenotify(XEvent *e)
{
    Monitor *m;
    Client *c;
    XConfigureEvent *ev = &e->xconfigure;
    int dirty;

    /* TODO: updategeom handling sucks, needs to be simplified */
    if (ev->window == root) {
        dirty = (sw != ev->width || sh != ev->height);
        sw = ev->width;
        sh = ev->height;
        if (updategeom() || dirty) {
            drw_resize(drw, sw, bh);
            updatebars();
            for (m = mons; m; m = m->next) {
                for (c = m->clients; c; c = c->next)
                    if (c->isfullscreen)
						resizeclient(c, m->mx, m->my, m->mw, m->mh, 0);
                XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, m->barwin, m->wx, m->by, m->ww, bh);
            }
            focus(NULL);
            arrange(NULL);
        }
    }
}

void
configurerequest(XEvent *e)
{
    Client *c;
    Monitor *m;
    XConfigureRequestEvent *ev = &e->xconfigurerequest;
    XWindowChanges wc;

    if ((c = wintoclient(ev->window))) {
        if (ev->value_mask & CWBorderWidth)
            c->bw = ev->border_width;
        else if (c->isfloating || !selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange) {
            m = c->mon;
            if (ev->value_mask & CWX) {
                c->oldx = c->x;
                c->x = m->mx + ev->x;
            }
            if (ev->value_mask & CWY) {
                c->oldy = c->y;
                c->y = m->my + ev->y;
            }
            if (ev->value_mask & CWWidth) {
                c->oldw = c->w;
                c->w = ev->width;
            }
            if (ev->value_mask & CWHeight) {
                c->oldh = c->h;
                c->h = ev->height;
            }
            if ((c->x + c->w) > m->mx + m->mw && c->isfloating)
                c->x = m->mx + (m->mw / 2 - WIDTH(c) / 2); /* center in x direction */
            if ((c->y + c->h) > m->my + m->mh && c->isfloating)
                c->y = m->my + (m->mh / 2 - HEIGHT(c) / 2); /* center in y direction */
            if ((ev->value_mask & (CWX|CWY)) && !(ev->value_mask & (CWWidth|CWHeight)))
                configure(c);
            if (ISVISIBLE(c))
                XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
        } else
            configure(c);
    } else {
        wc.x = ev->x;
        wc.y = ev->y;
        wc.width = ev->width;
        wc.height = ev->height;
        wc.border_width = ev->border_width;
        wc.sibling = ev->above;
        wc.stack_mode = ev->detail;
        XConfigureWindow(dpy, ev->window, ev->value_mask, &wc);
    }
    XSync(dpy, False);
}

Monitor *
createmon(void)
{
    Monitor *m;
	unsigned int i;

    m = ecalloc(1, sizeof(Monitor));
    m->tagset[0] = m->tagset[1] = 1;
    m->mfact = mfact;
    m->nmaster = nmaster;
    m->showbar = showbar;
    m->topbar = topbar;
    m->lt[0] = &layouts[0];
    m->lt[1] = &layouts[1 % LENGTH(layouts)];
    strncpy(m->ltsymbol, layouts[0].symbol, sizeof m->ltsymbol);

   m->pertag = ecalloc(1, sizeof(Pertag));
   m->pertag->curtag = m->pertag->prevtag = 1;

   for (i = 0; i <= LENGTH(tags); i++) {
   	m->pertag->nmasters[i] = m->nmaster;
   	m->pertag->mfacts[i] = m->mfact;

   	m->pertag->ltidxs[i][0] = m->lt[0];
   	m->pertag->ltidxs[i][1] = m->lt[1];
   	m->pertag->sellts[i] = m->sellt;

   	m->pertag->showbars[i] = m->showbar;
   }

    return m;
}

void
destroynotify(XEvent *e)
{
    Client *c;
    XDestroyWindowEvent *ev = &e->xdestroywindow;

    if ((c = wintoclient(ev->window)))
        unmanage(c, 1);
    else if ((c = swallowingclient(ev->window)))
        unmanage(c->swallowing, 1);
    else if (showsystray && (c = wintosystrayicon(ev->window))) {
        removesystrayicon(c);
        updatesystray(1);
    }
}

void
detach(Client *c)
{
    Client **tc;

    for (tc = &c->mon->clients; *tc && *tc != c; tc = &(*tc)->next);
    *tc = c->next;
}

void
detachstack(Client *c)
{
    Client **tc, *t;

    for (tc = &c->mon->stack; *tc && *tc != c; tc = &(*tc)->snext);
    *tc = c->snext;

    if (c == c->mon->sel) {
        for (t = c->mon->stack; t && !ISVISIBLE(t); t = t->snext);
        c->mon->sel = t;
    }
}

Monitor *
dirtomon(int dir)
{
    Monitor *m = NULL;

    if (dir > 0) {
        if (!(m = selmon->next))
            m = mons;
    } else if (selmon == mons)
        for (m = mons; m->next; m = m->next);
    else
        for (m = mons; m->next != selmon; m = m->next);
    return m;
}

void
drawbar(Monitor *m)
{
    int indn;
    int x, w, tw = 0, stw = 0, n = 0, scm, wdelta;
    unsigned int i, occ = 0, urg = 0;
    Client *c;

    if (!m->showbar)
        return;

    if (showsystray && m == systraytomon(m)) {
        stw = getsystraywidth();
        drw_setscheme(drw, scheme[SchemeNorm]);
        drw_rect(drw, m->ww - stw, 0, stw, bh, 1, 1);
    }

    /* draw status first so it can be overdrawn by tags later */
    if (m == selmon) { /* status is only drawn on selected monitor */
        drw_setscheme(drw, scheme[SchemeNorm]);
        tw = TEXTW(stext, 0) - lrpad + 2; /* 2px right padding */
        drw_text(drw, m->ww - tw - stw, 0, tw, bh, 0, stext, 0, 0);
    }

    for (c = m->clients; c; c = c->next) {
        if (ISVISIBLE(c))
            n++;
        occ |= c->tags;
        if (c->isurgent)
            urg |= c->tags;
    }
    x = 0;
	w = TEXTW(buttonbar, 0);
	drw_setscheme(drw, scheme[SchemeNorm]);
	x = drw_text(drw, x, 0, w, bh, lrpad / 2, buttonbar, 0, 0);
    for (i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++) {
        indn = 0;
        /* Do not draw vacant tags */
        if(!(occ & 1 << i || m->tagset[m->seltags] & 1 << i))
            continue;
        w = TEXTW(tags[i], 0);
		wdelta = selmon->alttag ? abs(TEXTW(tags[i], 0) - TEXTW(tagsalt[i], 0)) / 2 : 0;
        if (m->tagset[m->seltags] & 1 << i)
            drw_setscheme(drw, tagscheme[1]);
        else if (m == selmon && selmon->sel && selmon->sel->tags & 1 << i)
            drw_setscheme(drw, tagscheme[3]);
        else if (occ & 1 << i)
            drw_setscheme(drw, tagscheme[2]);
        else
            drw_setscheme(drw, tagscheme[0]);
		drw_text(drw, x, 0, w, bh, wdelta + lrpad / 2, (selmon->alttag ? tagsalt[i] : tags[i]), urg & 1 << i, 0);
        for (c = m->clients; c; c = c->next) {
            if (c->tags & (1 << i)) {
                drw_rect(drw, x + 2, 1 + (indn * 2), selmon->sel == c ? 6 : 3, 3, 1, urg & 1 << i);
                indn++;
            }
        }
        x += w;
    }
    w = TEXTW(m->ltsymbol, 0);
    drw_setscheme(drw, scheme[SchemeNorm]);
    x = drw_text(drw, x, 0, w, bh, lrpad / 2, m->ltsymbol, 0, 0);

    if ((w = m->ww - tw - stw - x) > bh) {
        if (n > 0) {
            int remainder = w % n;
            int tabw = (1.0 / (double)n) * w + 1;
            for (c = m->clients; c; c = c->next) {
                if (!ISVISIBLE(c))
                    continue;
                if (m->sel == c)
                    scm = SchemeSel;
                else if (HIDDEN(c))
                    scm = SchemeHid;
                else
                    scm = SchemeNorm;
                drw_setscheme(drw, scheme[scm]);

                if (remainder >= 0) {
                    if (remainder == 0) {
                        tabw--;
                    }
                    remainder--;
                }
			    if (TEXTW(c->name, 1) > tabw) { /* title is bigger than the width of the title rectangle, don't center */
                    drw_text(drw, x, 0, tabw, bh, lrpad / 2 + (c->icon ? c->icw + ICONSPACING : 0), c->name, 0, 1);
                    if (c->icon)
                        drw_pic(drw, x + lrpad / 2, (bh - c->ich) / 2, c->icw, c->ich, c->icon);
                } else { /* center window title */
				    drw_text(drw, x, 0, tabw, bh, (c->icon ? c->icw + ICONSPACING : 0) + (tabw - TEXTW(c->name, 1)) / 2, c->name, 0, 1);
                    if (c->icon)
                        drw_pic(drw, x + (tabw - TEXTW(c->name, 1)) / 2, (bh - c->ich) / 2, c->icw, c->ich, c->icon);
                }
                x += tabw;
            }
        } else {
            drw_setscheme(drw, scheme[SchemeNorm]);
            drw_rect(drw, x, 0, w, bh, 1, 1);
        }
    }
    m->bt = n;
    m->btw = w;
    drw_map(drw, m->barwin, 0, 0, m->ww, bh);
}

void
drawbars(void)
{
    Monitor *m;

    for (m = mons; m; m = m->next)
        drawbar(m);

    if (showsystray && !systraypinning)
        updatesystray(0);
}

/*void
enternotify(XEvent *e)
{
    Client *c;
    Monitor *m;
    XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;

    if ((ev->mode != NotifyNormal || ev->detail == NotifyInferior) && ev->window != root)
        return;
    c = wintoclient(ev->window);
    m = c ? c->mon : wintomon(ev->window);
    if (m != selmon) {
        unfocus(selmon->sel, 1);
        selmon = m;
    } else if (!c || c == selmon->sel)
        return;
    focus(c);
}*/

void
expose(XEvent *e)
{
    Monitor *m;
    XExposeEvent *ev = &e->xexpose;

    if (ev->count == 0 && (m = wintomon(ev->window))) {
        drawbar(m);

        if (showsystray && m == systraytomon(m))
            updatesystray(0);
    }
}

void
floatpos(const Arg *arg)
{
	Client *c = selmon->sel;

	if (!c || (selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange && !c->isfloating))
		return;

	setfloatpos(c, (char *)arg->v);
	resizeclient(c, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h,c->bw);

	XRaiseWindow(dpy, c->win);
	XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w/2, c->h/2);
}

void
focus(Client *c)
{
    if (!c || !ISVISIBLE(c))
        for (c = selmon->stack; c && (!ISVISIBLE(c) || HIDDEN(c)); c = c->snext);
    if (selmon->sel && selmon->sel != c) {
        unfocus(selmon->sel, 0);

        if (selmon->hidsel) {
            hidewin(selmon->sel);
            if (c)
                arrange(c->mon);
            selmon->hidsel = 0;
        }
    }
    if (c) {
        if (c->mon != selmon)
            selmon = c->mon;
        if (c->isurgent)
            seturgent(c, 0);
        detachstack(c);
        attachstack(c);
        grabbuttons(c, 1);
		/* set new focused border first to avoid flickering */
		if(c->isfloating)
			XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, scheme[SchemeSel][ColFloat].pixel);
		else
			XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, scheme[SchemeSel][ColBorder].pixel);
		/* lastfocused may be us if another window was unmanaged */
		if (lastfocused && lastfocused != c)
			XSetWindowBorder(dpy, lastfocused->win, scheme[SchemeNorm][ColBorder].pixel);
        setfocus(c);
    } else {
        XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
        XDeleteProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetActiveWindow]);
    }
    selmon->sel = c;
    drawbars();
}

/* there are some broken focus acquiring clients needing extra handling */
void
focusin(XEvent *e)
{
    XFocusChangeEvent *ev = &e->xfocus;

    if (selmon->sel && ev->window != selmon->sel->win)
        setfocus(selmon->sel);
}

void
focusmon(const Arg *arg)
{
    Monitor *m;

    if (!mons->next)
        return;
    if ((m = dirtomon(arg->i)) == selmon)
        return;
    unfocus(selmon->sel, 0);
    selmon = m;
    focus(NULL);
}

void
focusstackvis(const Arg *arg) {
    focusstack(arg->i, 0);
}

void
focusstackhid(const Arg *arg) {
    focusstack(arg->i, 1);
}

void
focusstack(int inc, int hid)
{
    Client *c = NULL, *i;
    // if no client selected AND exclude hidden client; if client selected but fullscreened
    if ((!selmon->sel && !hid) || (selmon->sel && selmon->sel->isfullscreen && lockfullscreen))
        return;
    if (!selmon->clients)
        return;
    if (inc > 0) {
        if (selmon->sel)
            for (c = selmon->sel->next;
                    c && (!ISVISIBLE(c) || (!hid && HIDDEN(c)));
                    c = c->next);
        if (!c)
            for (c = selmon->clients;
                    c && (!ISVISIBLE(c) || (!hid && HIDDEN(c)));
                    c = c->next);
    } else {
        if (selmon->sel) {
            for (i = selmon->clients; i != selmon->sel; i = i->next)
                if (ISVISIBLE(i) && !(!hid && HIDDEN(i)))
                    c = i;
        } else
            c = selmon->clients;
        if (!c)
            for (; i; i = i->next)
                if (ISVISIBLE(i) && !(!hid && HIDDEN(i)))
                    c = i;
    }
    if (c) {
        focus(c);
        restack(selmon);
        if (HIDDEN(c)) {
            showwin(c);
            c->mon->hidsel = 1;
        }
    }
}

Atom
getatomprop(Client *c, Atom prop)
{
    int di;
    unsigned long dl;
    unsigned char *p = NULL;
    Atom da, atom = None;

    /* FIXME getatomprop should return the number of items and a pointer to
     * the stored data instead of this workaround */
    Atom req = XA_ATOM;
    if (prop == xatom[XembedInfo])
        req = xatom[XembedInfo];

    if (XGetWindowProperty(dpy, c->win, prop, 0L, sizeof atom, False, req,
        &da, &di, &dl, &dl, &p) == Success && p) {
        atom = *(Atom *)p;
        if (da == xatom[XembedInfo] && dl == 2)
            atom = ((Atom *)p)[1];
        XFree(p);
    }
    return atom;
}

static uint32_t prealpha(uint32_t p) {
    uint8_t a = p >> 24u;
    uint32_t rb = (a * (p & 0xFF00FFu)) >> 8u;
    uint32_t g = (a * (p & 0x00FF00u)) >> 8u;
    return (rb & 0xFF00FFu) | (g & 0x00FF00u) | (a << 24u);
}

Picture
geticonprop(Window win, unsigned int *picw, unsigned int *pich)
{
    int format;
    unsigned long n, extra, *p = NULL;
    Atom real;

    if (XGetWindowProperty(dpy, win, netatom[NetWMIcon], 0L, LONG_MAX, False, AnyPropertyType,
                           &real, &format, &n, &extra, (unsigned char **)&p) != Success)
        return None;
    if (n == 0 || format != 32) { XFree(p); return None; }

    unsigned long *bstp = NULL;
    uint32_t w, h, sz;
    {
        unsigned long *i; const unsigned long *end = p + n;
        uint32_t bstd = UINT32_MAX, d, m;
        for (i = p; i < end - 1; i += sz) {
            if ((w = *i++) >= 16384 || (h = *i++) >= 16384) { XFree(p); return None; }
            if ((sz = w * h) > end - i) break;
            if ((m = w > h ? w : h) >= ICONSIZE && (d = m - ICONSIZE) < bstd) { bstd = d; bstp = i; }
        }
        if (!bstp) {
            for (i = p; i < end - 1; i += sz) {
                if ((w = *i++) >= 16384 || (h = *i++) >= 16384) { XFree(p); return None; }
                if ((sz = w * h) > end - i) break;
                if ((d = ICONSIZE - (w > h ? w : h)) < bstd) { bstd = d; bstp = i; }
            }
        }
        if (!bstp) { XFree(p); return None; }
    }

    if ((w = *(bstp - 2)) == 0 || (h = *(bstp - 1)) == 0) { XFree(p); return None; }

    uint32_t icw, ich;
    if (w <= h) {
        ich = ICONSIZE; icw = w * ICONSIZE / h;
        if (icw == 0) icw = 1;
    }
    else {
        icw = ICONSIZE; ich = h * ICONSIZE / w;
        if (ich == 0) ich = 1;
    }
    *picw = icw; *pich = ich;

    uint32_t i, *bstp32 = (uint32_t *)bstp;
    for (sz = w * h, i = 0; i < sz; ++i) bstp32[i] = prealpha(bstp[i]);

    Picture ret = drw_picture_create_resized(drw, (char *)bstp, w, h, icw, ich);
    XFree(p);

    return ret;
}

void
getfloatpos(int pos, char pCh, int size, char sCh, int min_p, int max_s, int cp, int cs, int cbw, int defgrid, int *out_p, int *out_s)
{
	int abs_p, abs_s, i, delta, rest;

	abs_p = pCh == 'A' || pCh == 'a';
	abs_s = sCh == 'A' || sCh == 'a';

	cs += 2*cbw;

	switch(pCh) {
	case 'A': // absolute position
		cp = pos;
		break;
	case 'a': // absolute relative position
		cp += pos;
		break;
	case 'y':
	case 'x': // client relative position
		cp = MIN(cp + pos, min_p + max_s);
		break;
	case 'Y':
	case 'X': // client position relative to monitor
		cp = min_p + MIN(pos, max_s);
		break;
	case 'S': // fixed client position (sticky)
	case 'C': // fixed client position (center)
	case 'Z': // fixed client right-hand position (position + size)
		if (pos == -1)
			break;
		pos = MAX(MIN(pos, max_s), 0);
		if (pCh == 'Z')
			cs = abs((cp + cs) - (min_p + pos));
		else if (pCh == 'C')
			cs = abs((cp + cs / 2) - (min_p + pos));
		else
			cs = abs(cp - (min_p + pos));
		cp = min_p + pos;
		sCh = 0; // size determined by position, override defined size
		break;
	case 'G': // grid
		if (pos <= 0)
			pos = defgrid; // default configurable
		if (size == 0 || pos < 2 || (sCh != 'p' && sCh != 'P'))
			break;
		delta = (max_s - cs) / (pos - 1);
		rest = max_s - cs - delta * (pos - 1);
		if (sCh == 'P') {
			if (size < 1 || size > pos)
				break;
			cp = min_p + delta * (size - 1);
		} else {
			for (i = 0; i < pos && cp >= min_p + delta * i + (i > pos - rest ? i + rest - pos + 1 : 0); i++);
			cp = min_p + delta * (MAX(MIN(i + size, pos), 1) - 1) + (i > pos - rest ? i + rest - pos + 1 : 0);
		}
		break;
	}

	switch(sCh) {
	case 'A': // absolute size
		cs = size;
		break;
	case 'a': // absolute relative size
		cs = MAX(1, cs + size);
		break;
	case '%': // client size percentage in relation to monitor window area size
		if (size <= 0)
			break;
		size = max_s * MIN(size, 100) / 100;
		/* falls through */
	case 'h':
	case 'w': // size relative to client
		if (sCh == 'w' || sCh == 'h') {
			if (size == 0)
				break;
			size += cs;
		}
		/* falls through */
	case 'H':
	case 'W': // normal size, position takes precedence
		if (pCh == 'S' && cp + size > min_p + max_s)
			size = min_p + max_s - cp;
		else if (size > max_s)
			size = max_s;

		if (pCh == 'C') { // fixed client center, expand or contract client
			delta = size - cs;
			if (delta < 0 || (cp - delta / 2 + size <= min_p + max_s))
				cp -= delta / 2;
			else if (cp - delta / 2 < min_p)
				cp = min_p;
			else if (delta)
				cp = min_p + max_s;
		} else if (pCh == 'Z')
			cp -= size - cs;

		cs = size;
		break;
	}

	if (pCh == '%') // client mid-point position in relation to monitor window area size
		cp = min_p + max_s * MAX(MIN(pos, 100), 0) / 100 - (cs) / 2;
	if (pCh == 'm' || pCh == 'M')
		cp = pos - cs / 2;

	if (!abs_p && cp < min_p)
		cp = min_p;
	if (cp + cs > min_p + max_s && !(abs_p && abs_s)) {
		if (abs_p || cp == min_p)
			cs = min_p + max_s - cp;
		else
			cp = min_p + max_s - cs;
	}

	*out_p = cp;
	*out_s = MAX(cs - 2*cbw, 1);
}

int
getrootptr(int *x, int *y)
{
    int di;
    unsigned int dui;
    Window dummy;

    return XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, x, y, &di, &di, &dui);
}

long
getstate(Window w)
{
    int format;
    long result = -1;
    unsigned char *p = NULL;
    unsigned long n, extra;
    Atom real;

    if (XGetWindowProperty(dpy, w, wmatom[WMState], 0L, 2L, False, wmatom[WMState],
        &real, &format, &n, &extra, (unsigned char **)&p) != Success)
        return -1;
    if (n != 0)
        result = *p;
    XFree(p);
    return result;
}

unsigned int
getsystraywidth()
{
    unsigned int w = 0;
    Client *i;
    if (showsystray)
        for (i = systray->icons; i; w += i->w + systrayspacing, i = i->next);
    return w ? w + systrayspacing : 0;
}

int
gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size)
{
    char **list = NULL;
    int n;
    XTextProperty name;

    if (!text || size == 0)
        return 0;
    text[0] = '\0';
    if (!XGetTextProperty(dpy, w, &name, atom) || !name.nitems)
        return 0;
    if (name.encoding == XA_STRING) {
        strncpy(text, (char *)name.value, size - 1);
    } else if (XmbTextPropertyToTextList(dpy, &name, &list, &n) >= Success && n > 0 && *list) {
        strncpy(text, *list, size - 1);
        XFreeStringList(list);
    }
    text[size - 1] = '\0';
    XFree(name.value);
    return 1;
}

void
grabbuttons(Client *c, int focused)
{
    updatenumlockmask();
    {
        unsigned int i, j;
        unsigned int modifiers[] = { 0, LockMask, numlockmask, numlockmask|LockMask };
        XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
        if (!focused)
            XGrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win, False,
                BUTTONMASK, GrabModeSync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
        for (i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++)
            if (buttons[i].click == ClkClientWin)
                for (j = 0; j < LENGTH(modifiers); j++)
                    XGrabButton(dpy, buttons[i].button,
                        buttons[i].mask | modifiers[j],
                        c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
                        GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
    }
}

void
grabkeys(void)
{
    updatenumlockmask();
    {
        unsigned int i, j;
        unsigned int modifiers[] = { 0, LockMask, numlockmask, numlockmask|LockMask };
        KeyCode code;

        XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
        for (i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++)
            if ((code = XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, keys[i].keysym)))
                for (j = 0; j < LENGTH(modifiers); j++)
                    XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | modifiers[j], root,
                        True, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
    }
}

void
hidewin(Client *c) {
    if (!c || HIDDEN(c))
        return;

    Window w = c->win;
    static XWindowAttributes ra, ca;

    // more or less taken directly from blackbox's hide() function
    XGrabServer(dpy);
    XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, root, &ra);
    XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, w, &ca);
    // prevent UnmapNotify events
    XSelectInput(dpy, root, ra.your_event_mask & ~SubstructureNotifyMask);
    XSelectInput(dpy, w, ca.your_event_mask & ~StructureNotifyMask);
    XUnmapWindow(dpy, w);
    setclientstate(c, IconicState);
    XSelectInput(dpy, root, ra.your_event_mask);
    XSelectInput(dpy, w, ca.your_event_mask);
    XUngrabServer(dpy);
}

void
incnmaster(const Arg *arg)
{
    selmon->nmaster = MAX(selmon->nmaster + arg->i, 0);
	selmon->nmaster = selmon->pertag->nmasters[selmon->pertag->curtag] = MAX(selmon->nmaster + arg->i, 0);
    arrange(selmon);
}

#ifdef XINERAMA
static int
isuniquegeom(XineramaScreenInfo *unique, size_t n, XineramaScreenInfo *info)
{
    while (n--)
        if (unique[n].x_org == info->x_org && unique[n].y_org == info->y_org
        && unique[n].width == info->width && unique[n].height == info->height)
            return 0;
    return 1;
}
#endif /* XINERAMA */

void
keypress(XEvent *e)
{
    unsigned int i;
    KeySym keysym;
    XKeyEvent *ev;

    ev = &e->xkey;
    keysym = XKeycodeToKeysym(dpy, (KeyCode)ev->keycode, 0);
    for (i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++)
        if (keysym == keys[i].keysym
        && CLEANMASK(keys[i].mod) == CLEANMASK(ev->state)
        && keys[i].func)
            keys[i].func(&(keys[i].arg));
}

void
keyrelease(XEvent *e)
{
	unsigned int i;
	KeySym keysym;
	XKeyEvent *ev;

	ev = &e->xkey;
	keysym = XKeycodeToKeysym(dpy, (KeyCode)ev->keycode, 0);

    for (i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++)
        if (momentaryalttags
        && keys[i].func && keys[i].func == togglealttag
        && selmon->alttag
        && (keysym == keys[i].keysym
        || CLEANMASK(keys[i].mod) == CLEANMASK(ev->state)))
            keys[i].func(&(keys[i].arg));
}

void
killclient(const Arg *arg)
{
    if (!selmon->sel)
        return;
    if (!sendevent(selmon->sel->win, wmatom[WMDelete], NoEventMask, wmatom[WMDelete], CurrentTime, 0, 0, 0)) {
        XGrabServer(dpy);
        XSetErrorHandler(xerrordummy);
        XSetCloseDownMode(dpy, DestroyAll);
        XKillClient(dpy, selmon->sel->win);
        XSync(dpy, False);
        XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
        XUngrabServer(dpy);
    }
}

void
layoutmenu(const Arg *arg) {
    FILE *p;
    char c[3], *s;
    int i;

    if (!(p = popen(layoutmenu_cmd, "r")))
         return;
    s = fgets(c, sizeof(c), p);
    pclose(p);

    if (!s || *s == '\0' || c[0] == '\0')
         return;

    i = atoi(c);
    setlayout(&((Arg) { .v = &layouts[i] }));
}

void
manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa)
{
    Client *c, *t = NULL, *term = NULL;
    Window trans = None;
    XWindowChanges wc;

    c = ecalloc(1, sizeof(Client));
    c->win = w;
    c->pid = winpid(w);
    /* geometry */
    c->x = c->oldx = wa->x;
    c->y = c->oldy = wa->y;
    c->w = c->oldw = wa->width;
    c->h = c->oldh = wa->height;
    c->oldbw = wa->border_width;
	c->ignoresizehints = 0;

    updateicon(c);
    updatetitle(c);
	c->bw = borderpx;
    if (XGetTransientForHint(dpy, w, &trans) && (t = wintoclient(trans))) {
        c->mon = t->mon;
        c->tags = t->tags;
    } else {
        c->mon = selmon;
        applyrules(c);
        term = termforwin(c);
    }

    if (c->x + WIDTH(c) > c->mon->wx + c->mon->ww)
        c->x = c->mon->wx + c->mon->ww - WIDTH(c);
    if (c->y + HEIGHT(c) > c->mon->wy + c->mon->wh)
        c->y = c->mon->wy + c->mon->wh - HEIGHT(c);
    c->x = MAX(c->x, c->mon->wx);
    c->y = MAX(c->y, c->mon->wy);

    wc.border_width = c->bw;
    XConfigureWindow(dpy, w, CWBorderWidth, &wc);
	if(c->isfloating)
		XSetWindowBorder(dpy, w, scheme[SchemeNorm][ColFloat].pixel);
	else
		XSetWindowBorder(dpy, w, scheme[SchemeNorm][ColBorder].pixel);
    configure(c); /* propagates border_width, if size doesn't change */
    updatewindowtype(c);
    updatesizehints(c);
    updatewmhints(c);
    int format;
    unsigned long *data, n, extra;
    Monitor *m;
    Atom atom;
    if (XGetWindowProperty(dpy, c->win, netatom[NetClientInfo], 0L, 2L, False, XA_CARDINAL,
   	    &atom, &format, &n, &extra, (unsigned char **)&data) == Success && n == 2) {
   	    c->tags = *data;
   	    for (m = mons; m; m = m->next) {
   		    if (m->num == *(data+1)) {
   			    c->mon = m;
   			    break;
   		    }
   	    }
    }
    if (n > 0)
        XFree(data);
    setclienttagprop(c);

    XSelectInput(dpy, w, EnterWindowMask|FocusChangeMask|PropertyChangeMask|StructureNotifyMask);
    grabbuttons(c, 0);
    if (!c->isfloating)
        c->isfloating = c->oldstate = trans != None || c->isfixed;
    if (c->isfloating) {
        XRaiseWindow(dpy, c->win);
		XSetWindowBorder(dpy, w, scheme[SchemeNorm][ColFloat].pixel);
    }
    attach(c);
    attachstack(c);
    XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetClientList], XA_WINDOW, 32, PropModeAppend,
        (unsigned char *) &(c->win), 1);
    XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y, c->w, c->h); /* some windows require this */
    if (!HIDDEN(c))
        setclientstate(c, NormalState);
    if (c->mon == selmon)
        unfocus(selmon->sel, 0);
    c->mon->sel = c;
    arrange(c->mon);
    if (!HIDDEN(c))
        XMapWindow(dpy, c->win);
    if (term)
        swallow(term, c);
    focus(NULL);
}

void
mappingnotify(XEvent *e)
{
    XMappingEvent *ev = &e->xmapping;

    XRefreshKeyboardMapping(ev);
    if (ev->request == MappingKeyboard)
        grabkeys();
}

void
maprequest(XEvent *e)
{
    static XWindowAttributes wa;
    XMapRequestEvent *ev = &e->xmaprequest;
    Client *i;
    if (showsystray && (i = wintosystrayicon(ev->window))) {
        sendevent(i->win, netatom[Xembed], StructureNotifyMask, CurrentTime, XEMBED_WINDOW_ACTIVATE, 0, systray->win, XEMBED_EMBEDDED_VERSION);
        updatesystray(1);
    }


    if (!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, ev->window, &wa) || wa.override_redirect)
        return;
    if (!wintoclient(ev->window))
        manage(ev->window, &wa);
}

void
monocle(Monitor *m)
{
    unsigned int n = 0;
    Client *c;

    for (c = m->clients; c; c = c->next)
        if (ISVISIBLE(c))
            n++;
    if (n > 0) /* override layout symbol */
        snprintf(m->ltsymbol, sizeof m->ltsymbol, "[%d]", n);
    for (c = nexttiled(m->clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next))
		resize(c, m->wx, m->wy, m->ww, m->wh, 0, 0);
}

void
motionnotify(XEvent *e)
{
    static Monitor *mon = NULL;
    Monitor *m;
    XMotionEvent *ev = &e->xmotion;

    if (ev->window != root)
        return;
    if ((m = recttomon(ev->x_root, ev->y_root, 1, 1)) != mon && mon) {
        unfocus(selmon->sel, 1);
        selmon = m;
        focus(NULL);
    }
    mon = m;
}

void
movemouse(const Arg *arg)
{
    int x, y, ocx, ocy, nx, ny;
    Client *c;
    Monitor *m;
    XEvent ev;
    Time lasttime = 0;

    if (!(c = selmon->sel))
        return;
    if (c->isfullscreen) /* no support moving fullscreen windows by mouse */
        return;
    restack(selmon);
    ocx = c->x;
    ocy = c->y;
    if (XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
        None, cursor[CurMove]->cursor, CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
        return;
    if (!getrootptr(&x, &y))
        return;
    do {
        XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
        switch(ev.type) {
        case ConfigureRequest:
        case Expose:
        case MapRequest:
            handler[ev.type](&ev);
            break;
        case MotionNotify:
            if ((ev.xmotion.time - lasttime) <= (1000 / 60))
                continue;
            lasttime = ev.xmotion.time;

            nx = ocx + (ev.xmotion.x - x);
            ny = ocy + (ev.xmotion.y - y);
            if (abs(selmon->wx - nx) < snap)
                nx = selmon->wx;
            else if (abs((selmon->wx + selmon->ww) - (nx + WIDTH(c))) < snap)
                nx = selmon->wx + selmon->ww - WIDTH(c);
            if (abs(selmon->wy - ny) < snap)
                ny = selmon->wy;
            else if (abs((selmon->wy + selmon->wh) - (ny + HEIGHT(c))) < snap)
                ny = selmon->wy + selmon->wh - HEIGHT(c);
            if (!c->isfloating && selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange
            && (abs(nx - c->x) > snap || abs(ny - c->y) > snap))
                togglefloating(NULL);
            if (!selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
    			resize(c, nx, ny, c->w, c->h, c->bw, 1);
            break;
        }
    } while (ev.type != ButtonRelease);
    XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
    if ((m = recttomon(c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h)) != selmon) {
        sendmon(c, m);
        selmon = m;
        focus(NULL);
    }
}

Client *
nexttiled(Client *c)
{
    for (; c && (c->isfloating || !ISVISIBLE(c) || HIDDEN(c)); c = c->next);
    return c;
}

void
pop(Client *c)
{
    detach(c);
    attach(c);
    focus(c);
    arrange(c->mon);
}

void
propertynotify(XEvent *e)
{
    Client *c;
    Window trans;
    XPropertyEvent *ev = &e->xproperty;

    if (showsystray && (c = wintosystrayicon(ev->window))) {
        if (ev->atom == XA_WM_NORMAL_HINTS) {
            updatesizehints(c);
            updatesystrayicongeom(c, c->w, c->h);
        }
        else
            updatesystrayiconstate(c, ev);
        updatesystray(1);
    }

    if ((ev->window == root) && (ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME))
        updatestatus();
    else if (ev->state == PropertyDelete)
        return; /* ignore */
    else if ((c = wintoclient(ev->window))) {
        switch(ev->atom) {
        default: break;
        case XA_WM_TRANSIENT_FOR:
            if (!c->isfloating && (XGetTransientForHint(dpy, c->win, &trans)) &&
                (c->isfloating = (wintoclient(trans)) != NULL))
                arrange(c->mon);
            break;
        case XA_WM_NORMAL_HINTS:
            c->hintsvalid = 0;
            break;
        case XA_WM_HINTS:
            updatewmhints(c);
            drawbars();
            break;
        }
        if (ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME || ev->atom == netatom[NetWMName]) {
            updatetitle(c);
            if (c == c->mon->sel)
                drawbar(c->mon);
        }
        else if (ev->atom == netatom[NetWMIcon]) {
            updateicon(c);
            if (c == c->mon->sel)
                drawbar(c->mon);
        }
        if (ev->atom == netatom[NetWMWindowType])
            updatewindowtype(c);
    }
}

void
quit(const Arg *arg)
{
    size_t i;

    /* kill child processes */
    for (i = 0; i < autostart_len; i++) {
        if (0 < autostart_pids[i]) {
            kill(autostart_pids[i], SIGTERM);
            waitpid(autostart_pids[i], NULL, 0);
        }
    }
    // fix: reloading dwm keeps all the hidden clients hidden
    Monitor *m;
    Client *c;
    for (m = mons; m; m = m->next) {
        if (m) {
            for (c = m->stack; c; c = c->next)
                if (c && HIDDEN(c)) showwin(c);
        }
    }
	if(arg->i) restart = 1;
    running = 0;
}

Monitor *
recttomon(int x, int y, int w, int h)
{
    Monitor *m, *r = selmon;
    int a, area = 0;

    for (m = mons; m; m = m->next)
        if ((a = INTERSECT(x, y, w, h, m)) > area) {
            area = a;
            r = m;
        }
    return r;
}

void
removesystrayicon(Client *i)
{
    Client **ii;

    if (!showsystray || !i)
        return;
    for (ii = &systray->icons; *ii && *ii != i; ii = &(*ii)->next);
    if (ii)
        *ii = i->next;
    free(i);
}

void
resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, int bw, int interact)
{
	if (applysizehints(c, &x, &y, &w, &h, &bw, interact))
		resizeclient(c, x, y, w, h, bw);
}

void
resizeclient(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, int bw)
{
    XWindowChanges wc;
	unsigned int n;
	unsigned int gapoffset;
	unsigned int gapincr;
	Client *nbc;

	c->oldbw = c->bw; c->bw = wc.border_width = bw;

	/* Get number of clients for the client's monitor */
	for (n = 0, nbc = nexttiled(c->mon->clients); nbc; nbc = nexttiled(nbc->next), n++);

	/* Do nothing if layout is floating */
	if (c->isfloating || c->mon->lt[c->mon->sellt]->arrange == NULL) {
		gapincr = gapoffset = 0;
	} else {
		/* Remove border and gap if layout is monocle or only one client */
		if (c->mon->lt[c->mon->sellt]->arrange == monocle || n == 1) {
			gapoffset = 0;
			gapincr = -2 * borderpx;
			wc.border_width = 0;
		} else {
			gapoffset = gappx;
			gapincr = 2 * gappx;
		}
	}

	c->oldx = c->x; c->x = wc.x = x + gapoffset;
	c->oldy = c->y; c->y = wc.y = y + gapoffset;
	c->oldw = c->w; c->w = wc.width = w - gapincr;
	c->oldh = c->h; c->h = wc.height = h - gapincr;

    XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWX|CWY|CWWidth|CWHeight|CWBorderWidth, &wc);
    configure(c);
    XSync(dpy, False);
}

void
resizemouse(const Arg *arg)
{
    int ocx, ocy, nw, nh;
    Client *c;
    Monitor *m;
    XEvent ev;
    Time lasttime = 0;

    if (!(c = selmon->sel))
        return;
    if (c->isfullscreen) /* no support resizing fullscreen windows by mouse */
        return;
    restack(selmon);
    ocx = c->x;
    ocy = c->y;
    if (XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
        None, cursor[CurResize]->cursor, CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
        return;
    XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->bw - 1, c->h + c->bw - 1);
    do {
        XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
        switch(ev.type) {
        case ConfigureRequest:
        case Expose:
        case MapRequest:
            handler[ev.type](&ev);
            break;
        case MotionNotify:
            if ((ev.xmotion.time - lasttime) <= (1000 / 60))
                continue;
            lasttime = ev.xmotion.time;

            nw = MAX(ev.xmotion.x - ocx - 2 * c->bw + 1, 1);
            nh = MAX(ev.xmotion.y - ocy - 2 * c->bw + 1, 1);
            if (c->mon->wx + nw >= selmon->wx && c->mon->wx + nw <= selmon->wx + selmon->ww
            && c->mon->wy + nh >= selmon->wy && c->mon->wy + nh <= selmon->wy + selmon->wh)
            {
                if (!c->isfloating && selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange
                && (abs(nw - c->w) > snap || abs(nh - c->h) > snap))
                    togglefloating(NULL);
            }
            if (!selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
				resize(c, c->x, c->y, nw, nh, c->bw, 1);
            break;
        }
    } while (ev.type != ButtonRelease);
    XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->bw - 1, c->h + c->bw - 1);
    XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
    while (XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
    if ((m = recttomon(c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h)) != selmon) {
        sendmon(c, m);
        selmon = m;
        focus(NULL);
    }
}

void
resizerequest(XEvent *e)
{
    XResizeRequestEvent *ev = &e->xresizerequest;
    Client *i;

    if ((i = wintosystrayicon(ev->window))) {
        updatesystrayicongeom(i, ev->width, ev->height);
        updatesystray(1);
    }
}

void
restack(Monitor *m)
{
    Client *c;
    XEvent ev;
    XWindowChanges wc;

    drawbar(m);
    if (!m->sel)
        return;
    if (m->sel->isfloating || !m->lt[m->sellt]->arrange)
        XRaiseWindow(dpy, m->sel->win);
    if (m->lt[m->sellt]->arrange) {
        wc.stack_mode = Below;
        wc.sibling = m->barwin;
        for (c = m->stack; c; c = c->snext)
            if (!c->isfloating && ISVISIBLE(c)) {
                XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWSibling|CWStackMode, &wc);
                wc.sibling = c->win;
            }
    }
    XSync(dpy, False);
    while (XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
}

void
run(void)
{
    XEvent ev;
    /* main event loop */
    XSync(dpy, False);
    while (running && !XNextEvent(dpy, &ev))
        if (handler[ev.type])
            handler[ev.type](&ev); /* call handler */
}

void
scan(void)
{
    unsigned int i, num;
    Window d1, d2, *wins = NULL;
    XWindowAttributes wa;

    if (XQueryTree(dpy, root, &d1, &d2, &wins, &num)) {
        for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
            if (!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa)
            || wa.override_redirect || XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1))
                continue;
            if (wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState)
                manage(wins[i], &wa);
        }
        for (i = 0; i < num; i++) { /* now the transients */
            if (!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa))
                continue;
            if (XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1)
            && (wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState))
                manage(wins[i], &wa);
        }
        if (wins)
            XFree(wins);
    }
}

void
sendmon(Client *c, Monitor *m)
{
    if (c->mon == m)
        return;
    unfocus(c, 1);
    detach(c);
    detachstack(c);
    c->mon = m;
    c->tags = m->tagset[m->seltags]; /* assign tags of target monitor */
    attach(c);
    attachstack(c);
	setclienttagprop(c);
    focus(NULL);
    arrange(NULL);
}

void
setclientstate(Client *c, long state)
{
    long data[] = { state, None };

    XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, wmatom[WMState], wmatom[WMState], 32,
        PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)data, 2);
}

int
sendevent(Window w, Atom proto, int mask, long d0, long d1, long d2, long d3, long d4)
{
    int n;
    Atom *protocols, mt;
    int exists = 0;
    XEvent ev;

    if (proto == wmatom[WMTakeFocus] || proto == wmatom[WMDelete]) {
        mt = wmatom[WMProtocols];
        if (XGetWMProtocols(dpy, w, &protocols, &n)) {
            while (!exists && n--)
                exists = protocols[n] == proto;
            XFree(protocols);
        }
    } else {
        exists = True;
        mt = proto;
    }
    if (exists) {
        ev.type = ClientMessage;
        ev.xclient.window = w;
        ev.xclient.message_type = mt;
        ev.xclient.format = 32;
        ev.xclient.data.l[0] = d0;
        ev.xclient.data.l[1] = d1;
        ev.xclient.data.l[2] = d2;
        ev.xclient.data.l[3] = d3;
        ev.xclient.data.l[4] = d4;
        XSendEvent(dpy, w, False, mask, &ev);
    }
    return exists;
}

void
setfloatpos(Client *c, const char *floatpos)
{
	char xCh, yCh, wCh, hCh;
	int x, y, w, h, wx, ww, wy, wh;

	if (!c || !floatpos)
		return;
	if (selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange && !c->isfloating)
		return;
	switch(sscanf(floatpos, "%d%c %d%c %d%c %d%c", &x, &xCh, &y, &yCh, &w, &wCh, &h, &hCh)) {
		case 4:
			if (xCh == 'w' || xCh == 'W') {
				w = x; wCh = xCh;
				h = y; hCh = yCh;
				x = -1; xCh = 'C';
				y = -1; yCh = 'C';
			} else if (xCh == 'p' || xCh == 'P') {
				w = x; wCh = xCh;
				h = y; hCh = yCh;
				x = 0; xCh = 'G';
				y = 0; yCh = 'G';
			} else if (xCh == 'm' || xCh == 'M') {
				getrootptr(&x, &y);
			} else {
				w = 0; wCh = 0;
				h = 0; hCh = 0;
			}
			break;
		case 8:
			if (xCh == 'm' || xCh == 'M')
				getrootptr(&x, &y);
			break;
		default:
			return;
	}

	wx = c->mon->wx;
	wy = c->mon->wy;
	ww = c->mon->ww;
	wh = c->mon->wh;
	c->ignoresizehints = 1;

	getfloatpos(x, xCh, w, wCh, wx, ww, c->x, c->w, c->bw, floatposgrid_x, &c->x, &c->w);
	getfloatpos(y, yCh, h, hCh, wy, wh, c->y, c->h, c->bw, floatposgrid_y, &c->y, &c->h);
}

void
setfocus(Client *c)
{
    if (!c->neverfocus) {
        XSetInputFocus(dpy, c->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
        XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetActiveWindow],
            XA_WINDOW, 32, PropModeReplace,
            (unsigned char *) &(c->win), 1);
    }
    sendevent(c->win, wmatom[WMTakeFocus], NoEventMask, wmatom[WMTakeFocus], CurrentTime, 0, 0, 0);
}

void
setfullscreen(Client *c, int fullscreen)
{
    if (fullscreen && !c->isfullscreen) {
        XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, netatom[NetWMState], XA_ATOM, 32,
            PropModeReplace, (unsigned char*)&netatom[NetWMFullscreen], 1);
        c->isfullscreen = 1;
        c->oldstate = c->isfloating;
        c->isfloating = 1;
		resizeclient(c, c->mon->mx, c->mon->my, c->mon->mw, c->mon->mh, 0);
        XRaiseWindow(dpy, c->win);
    } else if (!fullscreen && c->isfullscreen){
        XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, netatom[NetWMState], XA_ATOM, 32,
            PropModeReplace, (unsigned char*)0, 0);
        c->isfullscreen = 0;
        c->isfloating = c->oldstate;
        c->x = c->oldx;
        c->y = c->oldy;
        c->w = c->oldw;
        c->h = c->oldh;
		c->bw = c->oldbw;
		resizeclient(c, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h, c->bw);
        arrange(c->mon);
    }
}

void
setsticky(Client *c, int sticky)
{

    if(sticky && !c->issticky) {
        XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, netatom[NetWMState], XA_ATOM, 32,
                PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) &netatom[NetWMSticky], 1);
        c->issticky = 1;
    } else if(!sticky && c->issticky){
        XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, netatom[NetWMState], XA_ATOM, 32,
                PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)0, 0);
        c->issticky = 0;
        arrange(c->mon);
    }
}


void
setlayout(const Arg *arg)
{
    if (!arg || !arg->v || arg->v != selmon->lt[selmon->sellt])
		selmon->sellt = selmon->pertag->sellts[selmon->pertag->curtag] ^= 1;
    if (arg && arg->v)
		selmon->lt[selmon->sellt] = selmon->pertag->ltidxs[selmon->pertag->curtag][selmon->sellt] = (Layout *)arg->v;
    strncpy(selmon->ltsymbol, selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->symbol, sizeof selmon->ltsymbol);
    if (selmon->sel)
        arrange(selmon);
    else
        drawbar(selmon);
}

/* arg > 1.0 will set mfact absolutely */
void
setmfact(const Arg *arg)
{
    float f;

    if (!arg || !selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange)
        return;
    f = arg->f < 1.0 ? arg->f + selmon->mfact : arg->f - 1.0;
    if (f < 0.05 || f > 0.95) return;

    selmon->mfact = selmon->pertag->mfacts[selmon->pertag->curtag] = f;
    arrange(selmon);
}
void
setup(void)
{
    int i;
    XSetWindowAttributes wa;
    Atom utf8string;

    /* clean up any zombies immediately */
    sigchld(0);

	signal(SIGHUP, sighup);
	signal(SIGTERM, sigterm);

    /* init screen */
    screen = DefaultScreen(dpy);
    sw = DisplayWidth(dpy, screen);
    sh = DisplayHeight(dpy, screen);
    root = RootWindow(dpy, screen);
    xinitvisual();
    drw = drw_create(dpy, screen, root, sw, sh, visual, depth, cmap);
    if (!drw_fontset_create(drw, fonts, LENGTH(fonts)))
        die("no fonts could be loaded.");
    lrpad = drw->fonts->h;
    bh = drw->fonts->h + 2;
    updategeom();
    /* init atoms */
    utf8string = XInternAtom(dpy, "UTF8_STRING", False);
    wmatom[WMProtocols] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_PROTOCOLS", False);
    wmatom[WMDelete] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False);
    wmatom[WMState] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_STATE", False);
    wmatom[WMTakeFocus] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_TAKE_FOCUS", False);
    netatom[NetActiveWindow] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW", False);
    netatom[NetSupported] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SUPPORTED", False);
    netatom[NetSystemTray] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SYSTEM_TRAY_S0", False);
    netatom[NetSystemTrayOP] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SYSTEM_TRAY_OPCODE", False);
    netatom[NetSystemTrayOrientation] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SYSTEM_TRAY_ORIENTATION", False);
    netatom[NetSystemTrayOrientationHorz] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SYSTEM_TRAY_ORIENTATION_HORZ", False);
    netatom[NetSystemTrayVisual] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SYSTEM_TRAY_VISUAL", False);
    netatom[NetWMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_NAME", False);
    netatom[NetWMIcon] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_ICON", False);
    netatom[NetWMState] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_STATE", False);
    netatom[NetWMCheck] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SUPPORTING_WM_CHECK", False);
    netatom[NetWMFullscreen] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_STATE_FULLSCREEN", False);
    netatom[NetWMSticky] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_STATE_STICKY", False);
    netatom[NetWMWindowType] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE", False);
    netatom[NetWMWindowTypeDock] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_DOCK", False);
    netatom[NetWMWindowTypeDialog] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_DIALOG", False);
    netatom[NetClientList] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_CLIENT_LIST", False);
	netatom[NetClientInfo] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_CLIENT_INFO", False);
    xatom[Manager] = XInternAtom(dpy, "MANAGER", False);
    xatom[Xembed] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_XEMBED", False);
    xatom[XembedInfo] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_XEMBED_INFO", False);
    /* init cursors */
    cursor[CurNormal] = drw_cur_create(drw, XC_left_ptr);
    cursor[CurResize] = drw_cur_create(drw, XC_sizing);
    cursor[CurMove] = drw_cur_create(drw, XC_fleur);
    /* init appearance */
    scheme = ecalloc(LENGTH(colors), sizeof(Clr *));
    for (i = 0; i < LENGTH(colors); i++)
        scheme[i] = drw_scm_create(drw, colors[i], alphas[i], 4);
    tagscheme = ecalloc(LENGTH(tagsel), sizeof(Clr *));
    for (i = 0; i < LENGTH(tagsel); i++)
        tagscheme[i] = drw_scm_create(drw, tagsel[i], alphas[i], 2);
    /* init system tray */
    if (showsystray)
        updatesystray(0);
    /* init bars */
    updatebars();
    updatestatus();
    /* supporting window for NetWMCheck */
    wmcheckwin = XCreateSimpleWindow(dpy, root, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0);
    XChangeProperty(dpy, wmcheckwin, netatom[NetWMCheck], XA_WINDOW, 32,
        PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) &wmcheckwin, 1);
    XChangeProperty(dpy, wmcheckwin, netatom[NetWMName], utf8string, 8,
        PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) "dwm", 3);
    XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetWMCheck], XA_WINDOW, 32,
        PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) &wmcheckwin, 1);
    /* EWMH support per view */
    XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetSupported], XA_ATOM, 32,
        PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) netatom, NetLast);
    XDeleteProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetClientList]);
	XDeleteProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetClientInfo]);
    /* select events */
    wa.cursor = cursor[CurNormal]->cursor;
    wa.event_mask = SubstructureRedirectMask|SubstructureNotifyMask
        |ButtonPressMask|PointerMotionMask|EnterWindowMask
        |LeaveWindowMask|StructureNotifyMask|PropertyChangeMask;
    XChangeWindowAttributes(dpy, root, CWEventMask|CWCursor, &wa);
    XSelectInput(dpy, root, wa.event_mask);
    grabkeys();
    focus(NULL);
}

void
setclienttagprop(Client *c)
{
	long data[] = { (long) c->tags, (long) c->mon->num };
	XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, netatom[NetClientInfo], XA_CARDINAL, 32,
			PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) data, 2);
}

void
seturgent(Client *c, int urg)
{
    XWMHints *wmh;

    c->isurgent = urg;
    if (!(wmh = XGetWMHints(dpy, c->win)))
        return;
    wmh->flags = urg ? (wmh->flags | XUrgencyHint) : (wmh->flags & ~XUrgencyHint);
    XSetWMHints(dpy, c->win, wmh);
    XFree(wmh);
}

void
showwin(Client *c)
{
    if (!c || !HIDDEN(c))
        return;

    XMapWindow(dpy, c->win);
    setclientstate(c, NormalState);
    arrange(c->mon);
}

void
showhide(Client *c)
{
    if (!c)
        return;
    if (ISVISIBLE(c)) {
        /* show clients top down */
        XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y);
        if ((!c->mon->lt[c->mon->sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating) && !c->isfullscreen)
			resize(c, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h, c->bw, 0);
        showhide(c->snext);
    } else {
        /* hide clients bottom up */
        showhide(c->snext);
        XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, WIDTH(c) * -2, c->y);
    }
}

void
sigchld(int unused)
{
    pid_t pid;

    if (signal(SIGCHLD, sigchld) == SIG_ERR)
        die("can't install SIGCHLD handler:");
    while (0 < (pid = waitpid(-1, NULL, WNOHANG))) {
        pid_t *p, *lim;

        if (!(p = autostart_pids))
            continue;
        lim = &p[autostart_len];

        for (; p < lim; p++) {
            if (*p == pid) {
                *p = -1;
                break;
            }
        }

    }
}

void
sighup(int unused)
{
	Arg a = {.i = 1};
	quit(&a);
}

void
sigterm(int unused)
{
	Arg a = {.i = 0};
	quit(&a);
}

void
spawn(const Arg *arg)
{
    if (fork() == 0) {
        if (dpy)
            close(ConnectionNumber(dpy));
        setsid();
        execvp(((char **)arg->v)[0], (char **)arg->v);
        die("dwm: execvp '%s' failed:", ((char **)arg->v)[0]);
    }
}

Monitor *
systraytomon(Monitor *m)
{
    Monitor *t;
    int i, n;
    if (!systraypinning) {
        if (!m)
            return selmon;
        return m == selmon ? m : NULL;
    }
    for (n = 1, t = mons; t && t->next; n++, t = t->next);
    for (i = 1, t = mons; t && t->next && i < systraypinning; i++, t = t->next);
    if (systraypinningfailfirst && n < systraypinning)
        return mons;
    return t;
}

void
stairs(Monitor *m)
{
	unsigned int i, n, h, mw, my;
	unsigned int ox, oy, ow, oh; /* stair offset values */
	Client *c;

	for (n = 0, c = nexttiled(m->clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), n++);
	if (n == 0)
		return;

	if (n > m->nmaster)
		mw = m->nmaster ? m->ww * m->mfact : 0;
	else
		mw = m->ww;

	for (i = my = 0, c = nexttiled(m->clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), i++) {
		if (i < m->nmaster) {
			h = (m->wh - my) / (MIN(n, m->nmaster) - i);
			resize(c, m->wx, m->wy + my, mw - (2 * c->bw), h - (2 * c->bw), c->bw, 0);
			if (my + HEIGHT(c) < m->wh)
				my += HEIGHT(c);
		} else {
			oy = i - m->nmaster;
			ox = stairdirection ? n - i - 1 : (stairsamesize ? i - m->nmaster : 0);
			ow = stairsamesize ? n - m->nmaster - 1 : n - i - 1;
			oh = stairsamesize ? ow : i - m->nmaster;
			resize(c,
			       m->wx + mw + (ox * stairpx),
			       m->wy + (oy * stairpx),
			       m->ww - mw - (2 * c->bw) - (ow * stairpx),
			       m->wh - (2 * c->bw) - (oh * stairpx),
                   c->bw,
			       0);
		}
	}
}

void
tag(const Arg *arg)
{
	Client *c;
    if (selmon->sel && arg->ui & TAGMASK) {
		c = selmon->sel;
        selmon->sel->tags = arg->ui & TAGMASK;
		setclienttagprop(c);
        focus(NULL);
        arrange(selmon);
    }
}

void
tagmon(const Arg *arg)
{
    if (!selmon->sel || !mons->next)
        return;
    sendmon(selmon->sel, dirtomon(arg->i));
}

void
tile(Monitor *m)
{
	unsigned int i, n, h, mw, my, ty, bw;
    Client *c;

    for (n = 0, c = nexttiled(m->clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), n++);
    if(n == 0) return;
    if(n == 1) bw = 0;
	else
		bw = borderpx;
    if (n > m->nmaster)
        mw = m->nmaster ? m->ww * m->mfact : 0;
    else
        mw = m->ww;
    for (i = my = ty = 0, c = nexttiled(m->clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), i++)
        if (i < m->nmaster) {
            h = (m->wh - my) / (MIN(n, m->nmaster) - i);
			resize(c, m->wx, m->wy + my, mw - (2*c->bw) + (n > 1 ? gappx : 0), h - (2*c->bw), bw,  0);
            if (my + HEIGHT(c) < m->wh)
                my += HEIGHT(c);
        } else {
            h = (m->wh - ty) / (n - i);
            resize(c, m->wx + mw, m->wy + ty, m->ww - mw - (2*c->bw), h - (2*c->bw), bw, 0);
            if (ty + HEIGHT(c) < m->wh)
                ty += HEIGHT(c);
        }
}

void
togglealttag(const Arg *arg)
{
	selmon->alttag = !selmon->alttag;
	drawbar(selmon);
}

void
togglebar(const Arg *arg)
{
    selmon->showbar = !selmon->showbar;
    updatebarpos(selmon);
    XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, selmon->barwin, selmon->wx, selmon->by, selmon->ww, bh);
    if (showsystray) {
        XWindowChanges wc;
        if (!selmon->showbar)
            wc.y = -bh;
        else if (selmon->showbar) {
            #if BARPADDING_PATCH
            wc.y = vp;
            if (!selmon->topbar)
                wc.y = selmon->mh - bh + vp;
            #else
            wc.y = 0;
            if (!selmon->topbar)
                wc.y = selmon->mh - bh;
            #endif // BARPADDING_PATCH
        }
        XConfigureWindow(dpy, systray->win, CWY, &wc);
    }
    arrange(selmon);
}

void
togglefloating(const Arg *arg)
{
    if (!selmon->sel)
        return;
    if (selmon->sel->isfullscreen) /* no support for fullscreen windows */
        return;
    selmon->sel->isfloating = !selmon->sel->isfloating || selmon->sel->isfixed;
    if (selmon->sel->isfloating) {
		XSetWindowBorder(dpy, selmon->sel->win, scheme[SchemeSel][ColFloat].pixel);
        resize(selmon->sel, selmon->sel->x, selmon->sel->y,
			selmon->sel->w - 2 * (borderpx - selmon->sel->bw),
			selmon->sel->h - 2 * (borderpx - selmon->sel->bw),
			borderpx, 0);
        selmon->sel->x = selmon->sel->mon->mx + (selmon->sel->mon->mw - WIDTH(selmon->sel)) / 2;
        selmon->sel->y = selmon->sel->mon->my + (selmon->sel->mon->mh + bh - HEIGHT(selmon->sel)) / 2;
    } else
		XSetWindowBorder(dpy, selmon->sel->win, scheme[SchemeSel][ColBorder].pixel);
    arrange(selmon);
}

void
togglesticky(const Arg *arg)
{
	if (!selmon->sel)
		return;
    setsticky(selmon->sel, !selmon->sel->issticky);
	arrange(selmon);
}

void
toggletag(const Arg *arg)
{
    unsigned int newtags;

    if (!selmon->sel)
        return;
    newtags = selmon->sel->tags ^ (arg->ui & TAGMASK);
    if (newtags) {
        setclienttagprop(selmon->sel);
        selmon->sel->tags = newtags;
        focus(NULL);
        arrange(selmon);
    }
}

void
toggleview(const Arg *arg)
{
    unsigned int newtagset = selmon->tagset[selmon->seltags] ^ (arg->ui & TAGMASK);
	int i;

    if (newtagset) {
        selmon->tagset[selmon->seltags] = newtagset;

		if (newtagset == ~0) {
			selmon->pertag->prevtag = selmon->pertag->curtag;
			selmon->pertag->curtag = 0;
		}

		/* test if the user did not select the same tag */
		if (!(newtagset & 1 << (selmon->pertag->curtag - 1))) {
			selmon->pertag->prevtag = selmon->pertag->curtag;
			for (i = 0; !(newtagset & 1 << i); i++) ;
			selmon->pertag->curtag = i + 1;
		}

		/* apply settings for this view */
		selmon->nmaster = selmon->pertag->nmasters[selmon->pertag->curtag];
		selmon->mfact = selmon->pertag->mfacts[selmon->pertag->curtag];
		selmon->sellt = selmon->pertag->sellts[selmon->pertag->curtag];
		selmon->lt[selmon->sellt] = selmon->pertag->ltidxs[selmon->pertag->curtag][selmon->sellt];
		selmon->lt[selmon->sellt^1] = selmon->pertag->ltidxs[selmon->pertag->curtag][selmon->sellt^1];

		if (selmon->showbar != selmon->pertag->showbars[selmon->pertag->curtag])
			togglebar(NULL);

        focus(NULL);
        arrange(selmon);
    }
}

void
togglewin(const Arg *arg)
{
    Client *c = (Client*)arg->v;

    if (c == selmon->sel) {
        hidewin(c);
        focus(NULL);
        arrange(c->mon);
    } else {
        if (HIDDEN(c))
            showwin(c);
        focus(c);
        restack(selmon);
    }
}

void
freeicon(Client *c)
{
    if (c->icon) {
        XRenderFreePicture(dpy, c->icon);
        c->icon = None;
    }
}

void
unfocus(Client *c, int setfocus)
{
    if (!c)
        return;
    grabbuttons(c, 0);
	lastfocused = c;
    if (setfocus) {
        XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
        XDeleteProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetActiveWindow]);
    }
}

void
unmanage(Client *c, int destroyed)
{
    Monitor *m = c->mon;
    XWindowChanges wc;

    if (c->swallowing) {
        unswallow(c);
        return;
    }

    Client *s = swallowingclient(c->win);
    if (s) {
        free(s->swallowing);
        s->swallowing = NULL;
        arrange(m);
        focus(NULL);
        return;
    }

    detach(c);
    detachstack(c);
    freeicon(c);
    if (!destroyed) {
        wc.border_width = c->oldbw;
        XGrabServer(dpy); /* avoid race conditions */
        XSetErrorHandler(xerrordummy);
        XSelectInput(dpy, c->win, NoEventMask);
        XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWBorderWidth, &wc); /* restore border */
        XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
        setclientstate(c, WithdrawnState);
        XSync(dpy, False);
        XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
        XUngrabServer(dpy);
    }
	if (lastfocused == c)
		lastfocused = NULL;
    free(c);

    if (!s) {
        arrange(m);
        focus(NULL);
        updateclientlist();
    }
}

void
unmapnotify(XEvent *e)
{
    Client *c;
    XUnmapEvent *ev = &e->xunmap;

    if ((c = wintoclient(ev->window))) {
        if (ev->send_event)
            setclientstate(c, WithdrawnState);
        else
            unmanage(c, 0);
    } else if (showsystray && (c = wintosystrayicon(ev->window))) {
        /* KLUDGE! sometimes icons occasionally unmap their windows, but do
         * _not_ destroy them. We map those windows back */
        XMapRaised(dpy, c->win);
        updatesystray(1);
    }
}

void
updatebars(void)
{
    Monitor *m;
    XSetWindowAttributes wa = {
        .override_redirect = True,
        .background_pixel = 0,
        .border_pixel = 0,
        .colormap = cmap,
        .event_mask = ButtonPressMask|ExposureMask
    };
    XClassHint ch = {"dwm", "dwm"};
    for (m = mons; m; m = m->next) {
        if (m->barwin)
            continue;
        m->barwin = XCreateWindow(dpy, root, m->wx, m->by, m->ww, bh, 0, depth,
                                  InputOutput, visual,
                                  CWOverrideRedirect|CWBackPixel|CWBorderPixel|CWColormap|CWEventMask, &wa);
        XDefineCursor(dpy, m->barwin, cursor[CurNormal]->cursor);
        if (showsystray && m == systraytomon(m))
            XMapRaised(dpy, systray->win);
        XMapRaised(dpy, m->barwin);
        XSetClassHint(dpy, m->barwin, &ch);
    }
}

void
updatebarpos(Monitor *m)
{
    m->wy = m->my;
    m->wh = m->mh;
    if (m->showbar) {
        m->wh -= bh;
        m->by = m->topbar ? m->wy : m->wy + m->wh;
        m->wy = m->topbar ? m->wy + bh : m->wy;
    } else
        m->by = -bh;
}

void
updateclientlist()
{
    Client *c;
    Monitor *m;

    XDeleteProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetClientList]);
    for (m = mons; m; m = m->next)
        for (c = m->clients; c; c = c->next)
            XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetClientList],
                XA_WINDOW, 32, PropModeAppend,
                (unsigned char *) &(c->win), 1);
}

int
updategeom(void)
{
    int dirty = 0;

#ifdef XINERAMA
    if (XineramaIsActive(dpy)) {
        int i, j, n, nn;
        Client *c;
        Monitor *m;
        XineramaScreenInfo *info = XineramaQueryScreens(dpy, &nn);
        XineramaScreenInfo *unique = NULL;

        for (n = 0, m = mons; m; m = m->next, n++);
        /* only consider unique geometries as separate screens */
        unique = ecalloc(nn, sizeof(XineramaScreenInfo));
        for (i = 0, j = 0; i < nn; i++)
            if (isuniquegeom(unique, j, &info[i]))
                memcpy(&unique[j++], &info[i], sizeof(XineramaScreenInfo));
        XFree(info);
        nn = j;

        /* new monitors if nn > n */
        for (i = n; i < nn; i++) {
            for (m = mons; m && m->next; m = m->next);
            if (m)
                m->next = createmon();
            else
                mons = createmon();
        }
        for (i = 0, m = mons; i < nn && m; m = m->next, i++)
            if (i >= n
            || unique[i].x_org != m->mx || unique[i].y_org != m->my
            || unique[i].width != m->mw || unique[i].height != m->mh)
            {
                dirty = 1;
                m->num = i;
                m->mx = m->wx = unique[i].x_org;
                m->my = m->wy = unique[i].y_org;
                m->mw = m->ww = unique[i].width;
                m->mh = m->wh = unique[i].height;
                updatebarpos(m);
            }
        /* removed monitors if n > nn */
        for (i = nn; i < n; i++) {
            for (m = mons; m && m->next; m = m->next);
            while ((c = m->clients)) {
                dirty = 1;
                m->clients = c->next;
                detachstack(c);
                c->mon = mons;
                attach(c);
                attachstack(c);
            }
            if (m == selmon)
                selmon = mons;
            cleanupmon(m);
        }
        free(unique);
    } else
#endif /* XINERAMA */
    { /* default monitor setup */
        if (!mons)
            mons = createmon();
        if (mons->mw != sw || mons->mh != sh) {
            dirty = 1;
            mons->mw = mons->ww = sw;
            mons->mh = mons->wh = sh;
            updatebarpos(mons);
        }
    }
    if (dirty) {
        selmon = mons;
        selmon = wintomon(root);
    }
    return dirty;
}

void
updatenumlockmask(void)
{
    unsigned int i, j;
    XModifierKeymap *modmap;

    numlockmask = 0;
    modmap = XGetModifierMapping(dpy);
    for (i = 0; i < 8; i++)
        for (j = 0; j < modmap->max_keypermod; j++)
            if (modmap->modifiermap[i * modmap->max_keypermod + j]
                == XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, XK_Num_Lock))
                numlockmask = (1 << i);
    XFreeModifiermap(modmap);
}

void
updatesizehints(Client *c)
{
    long msize;
    XSizeHints size;

    if (!XGetWMNormalHints(dpy, c->win, &size, &msize))
        /* size is uninitialized, ensure that size.flags aren't used */
        size.flags = PSize;
    if (size.flags & PBaseSize) {
        c->basew = size.base_width;
        c->baseh = size.base_height;
    } else if (size.flags & PMinSize) {
        c->basew = size.min_width;
        c->baseh = size.min_height;
    } else
        c->basew = c->baseh = 0;
    if (size.flags & PResizeInc) {
        c->incw = size.width_inc;
        c->inch = size.height_inc;
    } else
        c->incw = c->inch = 0;
    if (size.flags & PMaxSize) {
        c->maxw = size.max_width;
        c->maxh = size.max_height;
    } else
        c->maxw = c->maxh = 0;
    if (size.flags & PMinSize) {
        c->minw = size.min_width;
        c->minh = size.min_height;
    } else if (size.flags & PBaseSize) {
        c->minw = size.base_width;
        c->minh = size.base_height;
    } else
        c->minw = c->minh = 0;
    if (size.flags & PAspect) {
        c->mina = (float)size.min_aspect.y / size.min_aspect.x;
        c->maxa = (float)size.max_aspect.x / size.max_aspect.y;
    } else
        c->maxa = c->mina = 0.0;
    c->isfixed = (c->maxw && c->maxh && c->maxw == c->minw && c->maxh == c->minh);
    c->hintsvalid = 1;
}

void
updatestatus(void)
{
    if (!gettextprop(root, XA_WM_NAME, stext, sizeof(stext)))
        strcpy(stext, "dwm-"VERSION);
    drawbar(selmon);
}

void
updatesystray(int updatebar)
{
    XSetWindowAttributes wa;
    XWindowChanges wc;
    Client *i;
    Monitor *m = systraytomon(NULL);
    unsigned int x = m->mx + m->mw;
    unsigned int w = 1, xpad = 0, ypad = 0;
    #if BARPADDING_PATCH
    xpad = sp;
    ypad = vp;
    #endif // BARPADDING_PATCH

    if (!showsystray)
        return;
    if (!systray) {
        /* init systray */
        if (!(systray = (Systray *)calloc(1, sizeof(Systray))))
            die("fatal: could not malloc() %u bytes\n", sizeof(Systray));

        wa.override_redirect = True;
        wa.event_mask = ButtonPressMask|ExposureMask;
        wa.background_pixel = 0;
        wa.border_pixel = 0;
        wa.colormap = cmap;
        systray->win = XCreateWindow(dpy, root, x - xpad, m->by + ypad, w, bh, 0, depth,
                        InputOutput, visual,
                        CWOverrideRedirect|CWBackPixel|CWBorderPixel|CWColormap|CWEventMask, &wa);
        XSelectInput(dpy, systray->win, SubstructureNotifyMask);
        XChangeProperty(dpy, systray->win, netatom[NetSystemTrayOrientation], XA_CARDINAL, 32,
                PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)&systrayorientation, 1);
        XChangeProperty(dpy, systray->win, netatom[NetSystemTrayVisual], XA_VISUALID, 32,
                PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)&visual->visualid, 1);
        XChangeProperty(dpy, systray->win, netatom[NetWMWindowType], XA_ATOM, 32,
                PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)&netatom[NetWMWindowTypeDock], 1);
        XMapRaised(dpy, systray->win);
        XSetSelectionOwner(dpy, netatom[NetSystemTray], systray->win, CurrentTime);
        if (XGetSelectionOwner(dpy, netatom[NetSystemTray]) == systray->win) {
            sendevent(root, xatom[Manager], StructureNotifyMask, CurrentTime, netatom[NetSystemTray], systray->win, 0, 0);
            XSync(dpy, False);
        }
        else {
            fprintf(stderr, "dwm: unable to obtain system tray.\n");
            free(systray);
            systray = NULL;
            return;
        }
    }

    for (w = 0, i = systray->icons; i; i = i->next) {
        wa.background_pixel = 0;
        XChangeWindowAttributes(dpy, i->win, CWBackPixel, &wa);
        XMapRaised(dpy, i->win);
        w += systrayspacing;
        i->x = w;
        XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, i->win, i->x, 0, i->w, i->h);
        w += i->w;
        if (i->mon != m)
            i->mon = m;
    }
    w = w ? w + systrayspacing : 1;
    x -= w;
    XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, systray->win, x - xpad, m->by + ypad, w, bh);
    wc.x = x - xpad;
    wc.y = m->by + ypad;
    wc.width = w;
    wc.height = bh;
    wc.stack_mode = Above; wc.sibling = m->barwin;
    XConfigureWindow(dpy, systray->win, CWX|CWY|CWWidth|CWHeight|CWSibling|CWStackMode, &wc);
    XMapWindow(dpy, systray->win);
    XMapSubwindows(dpy, systray->win);
    XSync(dpy, False);

    if (updatebar)
        drawbar(m);
}

void
updatesystrayicongeom(Client *i, int w, int h)
{
    if (i) {
        i->h = bh;
        if (w == h)
            i->w = bh;
        else if (h == bh)
            i->w = w;
        else
            i->w = (int) ((float)bh * ((float)w / (float)h));
        applysizehints(i, &(i->x), &(i->y), &(i->w), &(i->h), &(i->bw), False);
        /* force icons into the systray dimensions if they don't want to */
        if (i->h > bh) {
            if (i->w == i->h)
                i->w = bh;
            else
                i->w = (int) ((float)bh * ((float)i->w / (float)i->h));
            i->h = bh;
        }
        if (i->w > 2*bh)
            i->w = bh;
    }
}

void
updatesystrayiconstate(Client *i, XPropertyEvent *ev)
{
    long flags;
    int code = 0;

    if (!showsystray || !i || ev->atom != xatom[XembedInfo] ||
            !(flags = getatomprop(i, xatom[XembedInfo])))
        return;

    if (flags & XEMBED_MAPPED && !i->tags) {
        i->tags = 1;
        code = XEMBED_WINDOW_ACTIVATE;
        XMapRaised(dpy, i->win);
        setclientstate(i, NormalState);
    }
    else if (!(flags & XEMBED_MAPPED) && i->tags) {
        i->tags = 0;
        code = XEMBED_WINDOW_DEACTIVATE;
        XUnmapWindow(dpy, i->win);
        setclientstate(i, WithdrawnState);
    }
    else
        return;
    sendevent(i->win, xatom[Xembed], StructureNotifyMask, CurrentTime, code, 0,
            systray->win, XEMBED_EMBEDDED_VERSION);
}

void
updatetitle(Client *c)
{
    if (!gettextprop(c->win, netatom[NetWMName], c->name, sizeof c->name))
        gettextprop(c->win, XA_WM_NAME, c->name, sizeof c->name);
    if (c->name[0] == '\0') /* hack to mark broken clients */
        strcpy(c->name, broken);
}

void
updateicon(Client *c)
{
    freeicon(c);
    c->icon = geticonprop(c->win, &c->icw, &c->ich);
}

void
updatewindowtype(Client *c)
{
    Atom state = getatomprop(c, netatom[NetWMState]);
    Atom wtype = getatomprop(c, netatom[NetWMWindowType]);

    if (state == netatom[NetWMFullscreen])
        setfullscreen(c, 1);
    if (state == netatom[NetWMSticky]) {
        setsticky(c, 1);
    }
    if (wtype == netatom[NetWMWindowTypeDialog])
        c->isfloating = 1;
}

void
updatewmhints(Client *c)
{
    XWMHints *wmh;

    if ((wmh = XGetWMHints(dpy, c->win))) {
        if (c == selmon->sel && wmh->flags & XUrgencyHint) {
            wmh->flags &= ~XUrgencyHint;
            XSetWMHints(dpy, c->win, wmh);
        } else
            c->isurgent = (wmh->flags & XUrgencyHint) ? 1 : 0;
        if (wmh->flags & InputHint)
            c->neverfocus = !wmh->input;
        else
            c->neverfocus = 0;
        XFree(wmh);
    }
}

void
view(const Arg *arg)
{
	int i;
	unsigned int tmptag;

    if ((arg->ui & TAGMASK) == selmon->tagset[selmon->seltags])
        return;
    selmon->seltags ^= 1; /* toggle sel tagset */
    if (arg->ui & TAGMASK) {
        selmon->tagset[selmon->seltags] = arg->ui & TAGMASK;
		selmon->pertag->prevtag = selmon->pertag->curtag;

		if (arg->ui == ~0)
			selmon->pertag->curtag = 0;
		else {
			for (i = 0; !(arg->ui & 1 << i); i++) ;
			selmon->pertag->curtag = i + 1;
		}
	} else {
		tmptag = selmon->pertag->prevtag;
		selmon->pertag->prevtag = selmon->pertag->curtag;
		selmon->pertag->curtag = tmptag;
	}

	selmon->nmaster = selmon->pertag->nmasters[selmon->pertag->curtag];
	selmon->mfact = selmon->pertag->mfacts[selmon->pertag->curtag];
	selmon->sellt = selmon->pertag->sellts[selmon->pertag->curtag];
	selmon->lt[selmon->sellt] = selmon->pertag->ltidxs[selmon->pertag->curtag][selmon->sellt];
	selmon->lt[selmon->sellt^1] = selmon->pertag->ltidxs[selmon->pertag->curtag][selmon->sellt^1];

	if (selmon->showbar != selmon->pertag->showbars[selmon->pertag->curtag])
		togglebar(NULL);

    focus(NULL);
    arrange(selmon);
}

pid_t
winpid(Window w)
{

    pid_t result = 0;

#ifdef __linux__
    xcb_res_client_id_spec_t spec = {0};
    spec.client = w;
    spec.mask = XCB_RES_CLIENT_ID_MASK_LOCAL_CLIENT_PID;

    xcb_generic_error_t *e = NULL;
    xcb_res_query_client_ids_cookie_t c = xcb_res_query_client_ids(xcon, 1, &spec);
    xcb_res_query_client_ids_reply_t *r = xcb_res_query_client_ids_reply(xcon, c, &e);

    if (!r)
        return (pid_t)0;

    xcb_res_client_id_value_iterator_t i = xcb_res_query_client_ids_ids_iterator(r);
    for (; i.rem; xcb_res_client_id_value_next(&i)) {
        spec = i.data->spec;
        if (spec.mask & XCB_RES_CLIENT_ID_MASK_LOCAL_CLIENT_PID) {
            uint32_t *t = xcb_res_client_id_value_value(i.data);
            result = *t;
            break;
        }
    }

    free(r);

    if (result == (pid_t)-1)
        result = 0;

#endif /* __linux__ */

#ifdef __OpenBSD__
        Atom type;
        int format;
        unsigned long len, bytes;
        unsigned char *prop;
        pid_t ret;

        if (XGetWindowProperty(dpy, w, XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_PID", 0), 0, 1, False, AnyPropertyType, &type, &format, &len, &bytes, &prop) != Success || !prop)
               return 0;

        ret = *(pid_t*)prop;
        XFree(prop);
        result = ret;

#endif /* __OpenBSD__ */
    return result;
}

pid_t
getparentprocess(pid_t p)
{
    unsigned int v = 0;

#ifdef __linux__
    FILE *f;
    char buf[256];
    snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf) - 1, "/proc/%u/stat", (unsigned)p);

    if (!(f = fopen(buf, "r")))
        return 0;

    fscanf(f, "%*u %*s %*c %u", &v);
    fclose(f);
#endif /* __linux__*/

#ifdef __OpenBSD__
    int n;
    kvm_t *kd;
    struct kinfo_proc *kp;

    kd = kvm_openfiles(NULL, NULL, NULL, KVM_NO_FILES, NULL);
    if (!kd)
        return 0;

    kp = kvm_getprocs(kd, KERN_PROC_PID, p, sizeof(*kp), &n);
    v = kp->p_ppid;
#endif /* __OpenBSD__ */

    return (pid_t)v;
}

int
isdescprocess(pid_t p, pid_t c)
{
    while (p != c && c != 0)
        c = getparentprocess(c);

    return (int)c;
}

Client *
termforwin(const Client *w)
{
    Client *c;
    Monitor *m;

    if (!w->pid || w->isterminal)
        return NULL;

    for (m = mons; m; m = m->next) {
        for (c = m->clients; c; c = c->next) {
            if (c->isterminal && !c->swallowing && c->pid && isdescprocess(c->pid, w->pid))
                return c;
        }
    }

    return NULL;
}

Client *
swallowingclient(Window w)
{
    Client *c;
    Monitor *m;

    for (m = mons; m; m = m->next) {
        for (c = m->clients; c; c = c->next) {
            if (c->swallowing && c->swallowing->win == w)
                return c;
        }
    }

    return NULL;
}

Client *
wintoclient(Window w)
{
    Client *c;
    Monitor *m;

    for (m = mons; m; m = m->next)
        for (c = m->clients; c; c = c->next)
            if (c->win == w)
                return c;
    return NULL;
}

Monitor *
wintomon(Window w)
{
    int x, y;
    Client *c;
    Monitor *m;

    if (w == root && getrootptr(&x, &y))
        return recttomon(x, y, 1, 1);
    for (m = mons; m; m = m->next)
        if (w == m->barwin)
            return m;
    if ((c = wintoclient(w)))
        return c->mon;
    return selmon;
}

Client *
wintosystrayicon(Window w) {
    Client *i = NULL;

    if (!showsystray || !w)
        return i;
    for (i = systray->icons; i && i->win != w; i = i->next);
    return i;
}

/* There's no way to check accesses to destroyed windows, thus those cases are
 * ignored (especially on UnmapNotify's). Other types of errors call Xlibs
 * default error handler, which may call exit. */
int
xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee)
{
    if (ee->error_code == BadWindow
    || (ee->request_code == X_SetInputFocus && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
    || (ee->request_code == X_PolyText8 && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
    || (ee->request_code == X_PolyFillRectangle && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
    || (ee->request_code == X_PolySegment && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
    || (ee->request_code == X_ConfigureWindow && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
    || (ee->request_code == X_GrabButton && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
    || (ee->request_code == X_GrabKey && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
    || (ee->request_code == X_CopyArea && ee->error_code == BadDrawable))
        return 0;
    fprintf(stderr, "dwm: fatal error: request code=%d, error code=%d\n",
        ee->request_code, ee->error_code);
    return xerrorxlib(dpy, ee); /* may call exit */
}

int
xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee)
{
    return 0;
}

/* Startup Error handler to check if another window manager
 * is already running. */
int
xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee)
{
    die("dwm: another window manager is already running");
    return -1;
}

void
xinitvisual()
{
    XVisualInfo *infos;
    XRenderPictFormat *fmt;
    int nitems;
    int i;

    XVisualInfo tpl = {
        .screen = screen,
        .depth = 32,
        .class = TrueColor
    };
    long masks = VisualScreenMask | VisualDepthMask | VisualClassMask;

    infos = XGetVisualInfo(dpy, masks, &tpl, &nitems);
    visual = NULL;
    for(i = 0; i < nitems; i ++) {
        fmt = XRenderFindVisualFormat(dpy, infos[i].visual);
        if (fmt->type == PictTypeDirect && fmt->direct.alphaMask) {
            visual = infos[i].visual;
            depth = infos[i].depth;
            cmap = XCreateColormap(dpy, root, visual, AllocNone);
            useargb = 1;
            break;
        }
    }

    XFree(infos);

    if (! visual) {
        visual = DefaultVisual(dpy, screen);
        depth = DefaultDepth(dpy, screen);
        cmap = DefaultColormap(dpy, screen);
    }
}

void
zoom(const Arg *arg)
{
    Client *c = selmon->sel;

    if (!selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange || !c || c->isfloating)
        return;
    if (c == nexttiled(selmon->clients) && !(c = nexttiled(c->next)))
        return;
    pop(c);
}

int
main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    if (argc == 2 && !strcmp("-v", argv[1]))
        die("dwm-"VERSION);
    else if (argc != 1)
        die("usage: dwm [-v]");
    if (!setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "") || !XSupportsLocale())
        fputs("warning: no locale support\n", stderr);
    if (!(dpy = XOpenDisplay(NULL)))
        die("dwm: cannot open display");
    if (!(xcon = XGetXCBConnection(dpy)))
        die("dwm: cannot get xcb connection\n");
    checkotherwm();
    autostart_exec();
    setup();
#ifdef __OpenBSD__
    if (pledge("stdio rpath proc exec ps", NULL) == -1)
        die("pledge");
#endif /* __OpenBSD__ */
    scan();
    run();
	if(restart) execvp(argv[0], argv);
    cleanup();
    XCloseDisplay(dpy);
    return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}