Bug: Last elements in `basic_charset` initialization are discarded

[alexbarev]

Describe the bug

When initializing a basic_charset with character arrays such as those returned by digits() and others, the last element of the array is incorrectly discarded.

StringZilla/include/stringzilla/stringzilla.hpp

Lines 192 to 195 in 152ed04

	inline carray<10> const &digits() noexcept {
	static carray<10> const all = {'0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9'};
	return all;
	}

This is due to the use of count_characters - 1 in the loop that populates the basic_charset bitset.

StringZilla/include/stringzilla/stringzilla.hpp

Lines 283 to 289 in 152ed04

	template <std::size_t count_characters>
	explicit basic_charset(char_type const (&chars)[count_characters]) noexcept : basic_charset() {
	static_assert(count_characters > 0, "Character array cannot be empty");
	for (std::size_t i = 0; i < count_characters - 1; ++i) { // count_characters - 1 to exclude the null terminator
	char_type c = chars[i];
	bitset_._u64s[sz_bitcast(sz_u8_t, c) >> 6] |= (1ull << (sz_bitcast(sz_u8_t, c) & 63u));
	}

While this prevents including a null terminator for string literals like sz::char_set("x"), it causes incorrect behavior when handling character arrays that do not have a null terminator, resulting in the exclusion of the final character.

I believe this local block is the full extent of the affected code.

StringZilla/include/stringzilla/stringzilla.hpp

Lines 330 to 341 in 152ed04

	inline char_set ascii_letters_set() { return char_set {ascii_letters()}; }
	inline char_set ascii_lowercase_set() { return char_set {ascii_lowercase()}; }
	inline char_set ascii_uppercase_set() { return char_set {ascii_uppercase()}; }
	inline char_set ascii_printables_set() { return char_set {ascii_printables()}; }
	inline char_set ascii_controls_set() { return char_set {ascii_controls()}; }
	inline char_set digits_set() { return char_set {digits()}; }
	inline char_set hexdigits_set() { return char_set {hexdigits()}; }
	inline char_set octdigits_set() { return char_set {octdigits()}; }
	inline char_set punctuation_set() { return char_set {punctuation()}; }
	inline char_set whitespaces_set() { return char_set {whitespaces()}; }
	inline char_set newlines_set() { return char_set {newlines()}; }
	inline char_set base64_set() { return char_set {base64()}; }

Steps to reproduce

#include "stringzilla/stringzilla.hpp"

namespace sz = ashvardanian::stringzilla;

int main() {
        sz::string haystack = "239";

        // Test with null-terminated string
        assert(haystack.contains_only(sz::char_set("0123456789")));
        // Passes: null terminator is correctly discarded

        // Test with initializer list
        static std::initializer_list all = {'0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9'};
        assert (haystack.contains_only(sz::char_set {all}));
        // Passes: constructor for initializer list is called

        // Test with carray
        sz::carray<10> all_digits = {'0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9'};
        assert(haystack.contains_only(sz::char_set {all_digits}));
        assert(haystack.is_digit());
        // Fails: '9' is incorrectly discarded
}

Expected behavior

No asserts

StringZilla version

v3.11.0

Operating System

Ubuntu 22.04.5

Hardware architecture

x86

Which interface are you using?

C++ bindings

Contact Details

No response

Are you open to being tagged as a contributor?

• I am open to being mentioned in the project .git history as a contributor

Is there an existing issue for this?

• I have searched the existing issues

Code of Conduct

• I agree to follow this project's Code of Conduct

[alexbarev]

I will be able to write fix and add tests tomorrow

Proposed Fix

1. Using carray with Null Terminator

inline carray<11> const &digits() noexcept { 
    static carray<11> const all = {'0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', '\0'}; 
    return all;
}

2. Using std::initializer_list<char>

inline auto const &digits() noexcept {
    static std::initializer_list all = {'0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9'};
    return all;
}

Then the constructor for the initializer list will be called here:

StringZilla/include/stringzilla/stringzilla.hpp

Line 335 in 152ed04

inline char_set digits_set() { return char_set {digits()}; }

[ashvardanian]

Thank you @alexbarev! Let's start with tests, and later merge a patch.