diff --git a/src/client.ts b/src/client.ts
index f2c4ddb..1538c34 100644
--- a/src/client.ts
+++ b/src/client.ts
@@ -59,11 +59,15 @@ export class RDSClient extends Operator {
     try {
       const _conn = await this.#pool.getConnection();
       const conn = new RDSConnection(_conn);
-      if (this.beforeQueryHandler) {
-        conn.beforeQuery(this.beforeQueryHandler);
+      if (this.beforeQueryHandlers.length > 0) {
+        for (const handler of this.beforeQueryHandlers) {
+          conn.beforeQuery(handler);
+        }
       }
-      if (this.afterQueryHandler) {
-        conn.afterQuery(this.afterQueryHandler);
+      if (this.afterQueryHandlers.length > 0) {
+        for (const handler of this.afterQueryHandlers) {
+          conn.afterQuery(handler);
+        }
       }
       return conn;
     } catch (err) {
@@ -88,11 +92,15 @@ export class RDSClient extends Operator {
       throw err;
     }
     const tran = new RDSTransaction(conn);
-    if (this.beforeQueryHandler) {
-      tran.beforeQuery(this.beforeQueryHandler);
+    if (this.beforeQueryHandlers.length > 0) {
+      for (const handler of this.beforeQueryHandlers) {
+        tran.beforeQuery(handler);
+      }
     }
-    if (this.afterQueryHandler) {
-      tran.afterQuery(this.afterQueryHandler);
+    if (this.afterQueryHandlers.length > 0) {
+      for (const handler of this.afterQueryHandlers) {
+        tran.afterQuery(handler);
+      }
     }
     return tran;
   }
diff --git a/src/operator.ts b/src/operator.ts
index 7b50b84..e5929fc 100644
--- a/src/operator.ts
+++ b/src/operator.ts
@@ -16,17 +16,17 @@ const debug = debuglog('ali-rds:operator');
  * Operator Interface
  */
 export abstract class Operator {
-  protected beforeQueryHandler?: BeforeQueryHandler;
-  protected afterQueryHandler?: AfterQueryHandler;
+  protected beforeQueryHandlers: BeforeQueryHandler[] = [];
+  protected afterQueryHandlers: AfterQueryHandler[] = [];
 
   get literals() { return literals; }
 
   beforeQuery(beforeQueryHandler: BeforeQueryHandler) {
-    this.beforeQueryHandler = beforeQueryHandler;
+    this.beforeQueryHandlers.push(beforeQueryHandler);
   }
 
   afterQuery(afterQueryHandler: AfterQueryHandler) {
-    this.afterQueryHandler = afterQueryHandler;
+    this.afterQueryHandlers.push(afterQueryHandler);
   }
 
   escape(value: any, stringifyObjects?: boolean, timeZone?: string): string {
@@ -57,21 +57,20 @@ export abstract class Operator {
     if (values) {
       sql = this.format(sql, values);
     }
-    if (this.beforeQueryHandler) {
-      const newSql = this.beforeQueryHandler(sql);
-      if (newSql) {
-        sql = newSql;
+    if (this.beforeQueryHandlers.length > 0) {
+      for (const beforeQueryHandler of this.beforeQueryHandlers) {
+        const newSql = beforeQueryHandler(sql);
+        if (newSql) {
+          sql = newSql;
+        }
       }
     }
     debug('query %o', sql);
-    let execDuration: number;
     const queryStart = Date.now();
+    let rows: any;
+    let lastError: Error | undefined;
     try {
-      const rows = await this._query(sql);
-      execDuration = Date.now() - queryStart;
-      if (this.afterQueryHandler) {
-        this.afterQueryHandler(sql, rows, execDuration);
-      }
+      rows = await this._query(sql);
       if (Array.isArray(rows)) {
         debug('query get %o rows', rows.length);
       } else {
@@ -79,13 +78,17 @@ export abstract class Operator {
       }
       return rows;
     } catch (err) {
-      execDuration = Date.now() - queryStart;
+      lastError = err;
       err.stack = `${err.stack}\n    sql: ${sql}`;
-      if (this.afterQueryHandler) {
-        this.afterQueryHandler(sql, null, execDuration, err);
-      }
       debug('query error: %o', err);
       throw err;
+    } finally {
+      if (this.afterQueryHandlers.length > 0) {
+        const execDuration = Date.now() - queryStart;
+        for (const afterQueryHandler of this.afterQueryHandlers) {
+          afterQueryHandler(sql, rows, execDuration, lastError);
+        }
+      }
     }
   }
 
diff --git a/test/client.test.ts b/test/client.test.ts
index 1c201ff..27a83e3 100644
--- a/test/client.test.ts
+++ b/test/client.test.ts
@@ -1209,14 +1209,22 @@ describe('test/client.test.ts', () => {
       const db = new RDSClient(config);
       let count = 0;
       let lastSql = '';
+      let counter2Before = 0;
+      let counter2After = 0;
       db.beforeQuery(sql => {
         count++;
         lastSql = sql;
       });
+      db.beforeQuery(() => {
+        counter2Before++;
+      });
       let lastArgs: any;
       db.afterQuery((...args) => {
         lastArgs = args;
       });
+      db.afterQuery(() => {
+        counter2After++;
+      });
       await db.query('select * from ?? limit 10', [ table ]);
       assert.equal(lastSql, 'select * from `ali-sdk-test-user` limit 10');
       assert.equal(lastArgs[0], lastSql);
@@ -1256,6 +1264,8 @@ describe('test/client.test.ts', () => {
       assert.equal(lastArgs[0], lastSql);
       assert.equal(lastArgs[1].affectedRows, 1);
       assert.equal(count, 4);
+      assert.equal(counter2Before, 4);
+      assert.equal(counter2After, 4);
     });
   });
 });
diff --git a/test/operator.test.ts b/test/operator.test.ts
index 405d3d4..839f72b 100644
--- a/test/operator.test.ts
+++ b/test/operator.test.ts
@@ -95,22 +95,25 @@ describe('test/operator.test.ts', () => {
 
     it('should get query result on after hook', async () => {
       const op = new CustomOperator();
+      let called = false;
       op.afterQuery((sql, result, execDuration, err) => {
         assert.equal(sql, 'foo');
         assert.deepEqual(result, { sql });
         assert.equal(typeof execDuration, 'number');
         assert(execDuration >= 0);
         assert.equal(err, undefined);
+        called = true;
       });
       const result = await op.query('foo');
       assert.equal(result.sql, 'foo');
+      assert(called);
     });
 
     it('should get query error on after hook', async () => {
       const op = new CustomOperator();
       op.afterQuery((sql, result, execDuration, err) => {
         assert.equal(sql, 'error');
-        assert.equal(result, null);
+        assert.equal(result, undefined);
         assert.equal(typeof execDuration, 'number');
         assert(execDuration >= 0);
         assert(err instanceof Error);