diff --git a/src/test/orphanage_tests.cpp b/src/test/orphanage_tests.cpp
index 450bf6a4fc733..1582c2424ad9c 100644
--- a/src/test/orphanage_tests.cpp
+++ b/src/test/orphanage_tests.cpp
@@ -21,15 +21,13 @@ BOOST_FIXTURE_TEST_SUITE(orphanage_tests, TestingSetup)
 class TxOrphanageTest : public TxOrphanage
 {
 public:
-    inline size_t CountOrphans() const EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(!m_mutex)
+    inline size_t CountOrphans() const
     {
-        LOCK(m_mutex);
         return m_orphans.size();
     }
 
-    CTransactionRef RandomOrphan() EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(!m_mutex)
+    CTransactionRef RandomOrphan()
     {
-        LOCK(m_mutex);
         std::map<Wtxid, OrphanTx>::iterator it;
         it = m_orphans.lower_bound(Wtxid::FromUint256(InsecureRand256()));
         if (it == m_orphans.end())
diff --git a/src/txorphanage.cpp b/src/txorphanage.cpp
index 13ef96f3be29f..1263985068de2 100644
--- a/src/txorphanage.cpp
+++ b/src/txorphanage.cpp
@@ -19,8 +19,6 @@ static constexpr int64_t ORPHAN_TX_EXPIRE_INTERVAL = 5 * 60;
 
 bool TxOrphanage::AddTx(const CTransactionRef& tx, NodeId peer)
 {
-    LOCK(m_mutex);
-
     const Txid& hash = tx->GetHash();
     const Wtxid& wtxid = tx->GetWitnessHash();
     if (m_orphans.count(wtxid))
@@ -54,13 +52,11 @@ bool TxOrphanage::AddTx(const CTransactionRef& tx, NodeId peer)
 
 int TxOrphanage::EraseTx(const Wtxid& wtxid)
 {
-    LOCK(m_mutex);
     return EraseTxNoLock(wtxid);
 }
 
 int TxOrphanage::EraseTxNoLock(const Wtxid& wtxid)
 {
-    AssertLockHeld(m_mutex);
     std::map<Wtxid, OrphanTx>::iterator it = m_orphans.find(wtxid);
     if (it == m_orphans.end())
         return 0;
@@ -96,8 +92,6 @@ int TxOrphanage::EraseTxNoLock(const Wtxid& wtxid)
 
 void TxOrphanage::EraseForPeer(NodeId peer)
 {
-    LOCK(m_mutex);
-
     m_peer_work_set.erase(peer);
 
     int nErased = 0;
@@ -115,8 +109,6 @@ void TxOrphanage::EraseForPeer(NodeId peer)
 
 void TxOrphanage::LimitOrphans(unsigned int max_orphans, FastRandomContext& rng)
 {
-    LOCK(m_mutex);
-
     unsigned int nEvicted = 0;
     static int64_t nNextSweep;
     int64_t nNow = GetTime();
@@ -150,9 +142,6 @@ void TxOrphanage::LimitOrphans(unsigned int max_orphans, FastRandomContext& rng)
 
 void TxOrphanage::AddChildrenToWorkSet(const CTransaction& tx)
 {
-    LOCK(m_mutex);
-
-
     for (unsigned int i = 0; i < tx.vout.size(); i++) {
         const auto it_by_prev = m_outpoint_to_orphan_it.find(COutPoint(tx.GetHash(), i));
         if (it_by_prev != m_outpoint_to_orphan_it.end()) {
@@ -171,14 +160,11 @@ void TxOrphanage::AddChildrenToWorkSet(const CTransaction& tx)
 
 bool TxOrphanage::HaveTx(const Wtxid& wtxid) const
 {
-    LOCK(m_mutex);
     return m_orphans.count(wtxid);
 }
 
 CTransactionRef TxOrphanage::GetTxToReconsider(NodeId peer)
 {
-    LOCK(m_mutex);
-
     auto work_set_it = m_peer_work_set.find(peer);
     if (work_set_it != m_peer_work_set.end()) {
         auto& work_set = work_set_it->second;
@@ -197,8 +183,6 @@ CTransactionRef TxOrphanage::GetTxToReconsider(NodeId peer)
 
 bool TxOrphanage::HaveTxToReconsider(NodeId peer)
 {
-    LOCK(m_mutex);
-
     auto work_set_it = m_peer_work_set.find(peer);
     if (work_set_it != m_peer_work_set.end()) {
         auto& work_set = work_set_it->second;
@@ -209,8 +193,6 @@ bool TxOrphanage::HaveTxToReconsider(NodeId peer)
 
 void TxOrphanage::EraseForBlock(const CBlock& block)
 {
-    LOCK(m_mutex);
-
     std::vector<Wtxid> vOrphanErase;
 
     for (const CTransactionRef& ptx : block.vtx) {
@@ -239,8 +221,6 @@ void TxOrphanage::EraseForBlock(const CBlock& block)
 
 std::vector<CTransactionRef> TxOrphanage::GetChildrenFromSamePeer(const CTransactionRef& parent, NodeId nodeid) const
 {
-    LOCK(m_mutex);
-
     // First construct a vector of iterators to ensure we do not return duplicates of the same tx
     // and so we can sort by nTimeExpire.
     std::vector<OrphanMap::iterator> iters;
@@ -281,8 +261,6 @@ std::vector<CTransactionRef> TxOrphanage::GetChildrenFromSamePeer(const CTransac
 
 std::vector<std::pair<CTransactionRef, NodeId>> TxOrphanage::GetChildrenFromDifferentPeer(const CTransactionRef& parent, NodeId nodeid) const
 {
-    LOCK(m_mutex);
-
     // First construct vector of iterators to ensure we do not return duplicates of the same tx.
     std::vector<OrphanMap::iterator> iters;
 
diff --git a/src/txorphanage.h b/src/txorphanage.h
index 5f9888c969e07..7b2de7d420d19 100644
--- a/src/txorphanage.h
+++ b/src/txorphanage.h
@@ -21,55 +21,51 @@
 class TxOrphanage {
 public:
     /** Add a new orphan transaction */
-    bool AddTx(const CTransactionRef& tx, NodeId peer) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(!m_mutex);
+    bool AddTx(const CTransactionRef& tx, NodeId peer);
 
     /** Check if we already have an orphan transaction (by wtxid only) */
-    bool HaveTx(const Wtxid& wtxid) const EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(!m_mutex);
+    bool HaveTx(const Wtxid& wtxid) const;
 
     /** Extract a transaction from a peer's work set
      *  Returns nullptr if there are no transactions to work on.
      *  Otherwise returns the transaction reference, and removes
      *  it from the work set.
      */
-    CTransactionRef GetTxToReconsider(NodeId peer) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(!m_mutex);
+    CTransactionRef GetTxToReconsider(NodeId peer);
 
     /** Erase an orphan by wtxid */
-    int EraseTx(const Wtxid& wtxid) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(!m_mutex);
+    int EraseTx(const Wtxid& wtxid);
 
     /** Erase all orphans announced by a peer (eg, after that peer disconnects) */
-    void EraseForPeer(NodeId peer) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(!m_mutex);
+    void EraseForPeer(NodeId peer);
 
     /** Erase all orphans included in or invalidated by a new block */
-    void EraseForBlock(const CBlock& block) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(!m_mutex);
+    void EraseForBlock(const CBlock& block);
 
     /** Limit the orphanage to the given maximum */
-    void LimitOrphans(unsigned int max_orphans, FastRandomContext& rng) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(!m_mutex);
+    void LimitOrphans(unsigned int max_orphans, FastRandomContext& rng);
 
     /** Add any orphans that list a particular tx as a parent into the from peer's work set */
-    void AddChildrenToWorkSet(const CTransaction& tx) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(!m_mutex);;
+    void AddChildrenToWorkSet(const CTransaction& tx);
 
     /** Does this peer have any work to do? */
-    bool HaveTxToReconsider(NodeId peer) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(!m_mutex);;
+    bool HaveTxToReconsider(NodeId peer);
 
     /** Get all children that spend from this tx and were received from nodeid. Sorted from most
      * recent to least recent. */
-    std::vector<CTransactionRef> GetChildrenFromSamePeer(const CTransactionRef& parent, NodeId nodeid) const EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(!m_mutex);
+    std::vector<CTransactionRef> GetChildrenFromSamePeer(const CTransactionRef& parent, NodeId nodeid) const;
 
     /** Get all children that spend from this tx but were not received from nodeid. Also return
      * which peer provided each tx. */
-    std::vector<std::pair<CTransactionRef, NodeId>> GetChildrenFromDifferentPeer(const CTransactionRef& parent, NodeId nodeid) const EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(!m_mutex);
+    std::vector<std::pair<CTransactionRef, NodeId>> GetChildrenFromDifferentPeer(const CTransactionRef& parent, NodeId nodeid) const;
 
     /** Return how many entries exist in the orphange */
-    size_t Size() EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(!m_mutex)
+    size_t Size()
     {
-        LOCK(m_mutex);
         return m_orphans.size();
     }
 
 protected:
-    /** Guards orphan transactions */
-    mutable Mutex m_mutex;
-
     struct OrphanTx {
         CTransactionRef tx;
         NodeId fromPeer;
@@ -79,10 +75,10 @@ class TxOrphanage {
 
     /** Map from wtxid to orphan transaction record. Limited by
      *  -maxorphantx/DEFAULT_MAX_ORPHAN_TRANSACTIONS */
-    std::map<Wtxid, OrphanTx> m_orphans GUARDED_BY(m_mutex);
+    std::map<Wtxid, OrphanTx> m_orphans;
 
     /** Which peer provided the orphans that need to be reconsidered */
-    std::map<NodeId, std::set<Wtxid>> m_peer_work_set GUARDED_BY(m_mutex);
+    std::map<NodeId, std::set<Wtxid>> m_peer_work_set;
 
     using OrphanMap = decltype(m_orphans);
 
@@ -97,13 +93,13 @@ class TxOrphanage {
 
     /** Index from the parents' COutPoint into the m_orphans. Used
      *  to remove orphan transactions from the m_orphans */
-    std::map<COutPoint, std::set<OrphanMap::iterator, IteratorComparator>> m_outpoint_to_orphan_it GUARDED_BY(m_mutex);
+    std::map<COutPoint, std::set<OrphanMap::iterator, IteratorComparator>> m_outpoint_to_orphan_it;
 
     /** Orphan transactions in vector for quick random eviction */
-    std::vector<OrphanMap::iterator> m_orphan_list GUARDED_BY(m_mutex);
+    std::vector<OrphanMap::iterator> m_orphan_list;
 
     /** Erase an orphan by wtxid */
-    int EraseTxNoLock(const Wtxid& wtxid) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(m_mutex);
+    int EraseTxNoLock(const Wtxid& wtxid);
 };
 
 #endif // BITCOIN_TXORPHANAGE_H