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codestyle.html
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Copyright (C) 2012-2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
The JavaScript code in this tag is free software: you can
redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU
General Public License (GNU GPL) as published by the Free Software
Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option)
any later version. The code is distributed WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY;
without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU GPL for more details.
As additional permission under GNU GPL version 3 section 7, you
may distribute non-source (e.g., minimized or compacted) forms of
that code without the copy of the GNU GPL normally required by
section 4, provided you include this license notice and a URL
through which recipients can access the Corresponding Source.
@licend The above is the entire license notice
for the JavaScript code in this tag.
*/
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</head>
<body>
<div id="content">
<h1 class="title">Code style</h1>
<div id="table-of-contents">
<h2>Table of Contents</h2>
<div id="text-table-of-contents">
<ul>
<li><a href="#org7fba6ff">1. Indentation</a></li>
<li><a href="#orgb34292f">2. Placing Braces</a></li>
<li><a href="#org837f429">3. Spaces</a></li>
<li><a href="#orgee1320e">4. Naming conventions</a></li>
<li><a href="#orgefcc175">5. Typedefs</a></li>
<li><a href="#orgf5d6c6f">6. Functions</a></li>
<li><a href="#org1679119">7. Comments</a></li>
<li><a href="#orge9db570">8. Hierarchy</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<p>
Based on <a href="https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/process/coding-style.rst">https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/process/coding-style.rst</a>
</p>
<div id="outline-container-org7fba6ff" class="outline-2">
<h2 id="org7fba6ff"><span class="section-number-2">1</span> Indentation</h2>
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-1">
<p>
Indent using tabs.
Tabs are 2 spaces.
Never have more than 4 indentations, if you need more your code is wrong and should be refactored!
</p>
<p>
<code>case</code> in <code>switch</code> statements should not be indented.
</p>
<div class="org-src-container">
<pre class="src src-cpp">inline const char* toString(ShaderType shader) {
switch (shader) {
case ShaderType::vertex:
return "Vertex";
case ShaderType::fragment:
return "Fragment";
case ShaderType::geometry:
return "Geometry";
}
}
</pre>
</div>
<p>
<code>public</code>, <code>protected</code> and <code>private</code> should not be indented.
</p>
<div class="org-src-container">
<pre class="src src-cpp">struct DataStructure {
public:
int a;
protected:
int b;
private:
int c;
};
</pre>
</div>
<p>
Don't put multiple statements on a single line.
</p>
<div class="org-src-container">
<pre class="src src-cpp">// Do:
if (condition)
do_something;
// Don't:
if (condition) do_something;
</pre>
</div>
<p>
Empty braces should be placed on the same line.
</p>
<div class="org-src-container">
<pre class="src src-cpp">World::World() {}
</pre>
</div>
<p>
Empty lines should not be indented.
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-orgb34292f" class="outline-2">
<h2 id="orgb34292f"><span class="section-number-2">2</span> Placing Braces</h2>
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-2">
<p>
Braces should <b>always</b> be on the same line!
Braces should only be used if needed!
</p>
<div class="org-src-container">
<pre class="src src-cpp">int funcA() {
int value;
if (x) {
stuffA();
stuffB();
} else
stuffC();
switch (y) {
case 0:
case 1:
value = 0;
case 2:
value = 1;
default:
value = -1;
}
while (z != 0x1234)
modifyZ(&z);
for (int a = 0; a < 10; a++) {
// ...
}
}
</pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-org837f429" class="outline-2">
<h2 id="org837f429"><span class="section-number-2">3</span> Spaces</h2>
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-3">
<p>
Use spaces after these keywords:
</p>
<ul class="org-ul">
<li><code>if</code></li>
<li><code>switch</code></li>
<li><code>case</code></li>
<li><code>for</code></li>
<li><code>do</code></li>
<li><code>while</code></li>
</ul>
<p>
But not for these:
</p>
<ul class="org-ul">
<li><code>sizeof</code></li>
<li><code>typeof</code></li>
<li><code>alignof</code></li>
<li><code>typeid</code></li>
</ul>
<p>
Don't add spaces inside parentheses:
</p>
<div class="org-src-container">
<pre class="src src-cpp">// Do:
int a = func((b << c) & FLAG_BITMAP);
int size = sizeof(WorldClass);
// Don't:
int a = func( ( b << c ) & FLAG_BITMAP );
int size = sizeof( WorldClass );
</pre>
</div>
<p>
Pointer <code>*</code> and reference <code>&</code> type declarations should be on the on the type.
</p>
<div class="org-src-container">
<pre class="src src-cpp">// Do:
void* varA;
int** varB;
// Don't:
void *varA;
int ** varB;
</pre>
</div>
<p>
There should be spaces before and after all binary and ternary operators.
These include: = + - < > * / % | & ^ <= >= <code>= !</code> ? :
</p>
<p>
But not for unary operators, <code>.</code> or <code>-></code>
</p>
<p>
Example
</p>
<div class="org-src-container">
<pre class="src src-cpp">int a = (a + b) + (c & ~(1 << 4));
objA.run();
objB->run();
int* addrA = &a;
int valA = *addrA;
bool isAValueNotZero = !!valA;
a++;
--a;
</pre>
</div>
<p>
Never have tailing whitespaces at the end of lines.
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-orgee1320e" class="outline-2">
<h2 id="orgee1320e"><span class="section-number-2">4</span> Naming conventions</h2>
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-4">
<p>
Types always start with a big letter and the following words also uses a bit letter.
</p>
<ul class="org-ul">
<li>World</li>
<li>GeometryRenderPass</li>
<li>LifeSystem</li>
</ul>
<p>
Public functions and variables starts with a small letter and the following words starts with a big letter.
</p>
<ul class="org-ul">
<li>void addLife(int amount)</li>
<li>void update(float delta)</li>
<li>int maxHP;</li>
</ul>
<p>
Private functions and variables starts with a underscore and then a small letter and the following words starts with a
big letter.
</p>
<ul class="org-ul">
<li>_updateMotion()</li>
<li>int _currentHP;</li>
</ul>
<p>
Never encoding the type of a function/variable into the name!
</p>
<p>
Names like <code>i</code> and <code>tmp</code> are okey to use if you easily can see out of context what they are used for, and what they
store.
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-orgefcc175" class="outline-2">
<h2 id="orgefcc175"><span class="section-number-2">5</span> Typedefs</h2>
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-5">
<p>
Never typedef unless really needed, this hides what type it is and makes it just makes it more difficult to find out
what it is.
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-orgf5d6c6f" class="outline-2">
<h2 id="orgf5d6c6f"><span class="section-number-2">6</span> Functions</h2>
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-6">
<p>
<code>Functions should be short and sweet, and do just one thing.</code>
It is good to use helper functions with descriptive names. This helps to self document the code.
</p>
<p>
Early exit is good!
Don't wrap the code in big if statements, it is much easier to read if you just early exit.
</p>
<p>
<code>goto</code> is a powerful tool, and thous should be handled with care, but not be discarded.
Use it for help with readability and to exit out of loops that are inside of loops.
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-org1679119" class="outline-2">
<h2 id="org1679119"><span class="section-number-2">7</span> Comments</h2>
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-7">
<p>
Comments are only needed to tell the reader what the code should do, if it is unclear from the context.
But never explain <b>how</b> it does it, only <b>what</b> it does.
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-orge9db570" class="outline-2">
<h2 id="orge9db570"><span class="section-number-2">8</span> Hierarchy</h2>
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-8">
<p>
All classes need a virtual destructor!
</p>
<p>
Functions that can be extended should be tagged with <code>virtual</code>, and if needed made pure virtual.
Functions that extend base functions should use <code>override</code> if that function also can be extended,
or <code>final</code> if that is the last time that function can be extended.
</p>
<div class="org-src-container">
<pre class="src src-c++">struct Component {
virtual void registerImGui();
virtual int derp();
};
struct LifeComponent : public Component {
// ...
void registerImGui() final;
int derp() override;
};
</pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="postamble" class="status">
<p class="date">Created: 2017-05-04 Thu 06:17</p>
<p class="validation"><a href="http://validator.w3.org/check?uri=referer">Validate</a></p>
</div>
</body>
</html>