[turf-ellipse] fixes the wrong shape when drawing "big ellipses" near the poles

[hadbn]

-Fixes the wrong behavior of turf-ellipse when drawing "big ellipses" near the poles
-Fixes the wrong behavior of turf-ellipse when rotating an ellipse. The rotation is now fully taken account during the calculation of the geometry.
-Adds two test to directly check both previous points
-Fixes one of the existing test turf-ellipse which was not launched when launching pnpm test
-Changes the test turf-ellipse so that it fits the fixes made in the calculation of the geometry

Resolves #1767
Resolves #2736

[smallsaucepan]

Thanks @hadbn. What a fantastic contribution.

Doing some comparisons between the old and new test fixtures, have the "*-degrees" tests been broken all along? This current test output suggests the ellipses have never been the right size longitudinally, let alone the correct shape?

Also, and I need to apologise for not mentioning it sooner, there is another ellipse issue open - #1767 It has a solution suggested, and I'm wondering if that could be incorporated into your PR without much extra effort?

It would mean (I think) adding an optional accuracy config option.

Again, sorry for not mentioning this sooner. Didn't expect you to surge ahead with a PR right away! If that's not possible for you let me know and I will have a look myself.

[hadbn]

To be honest, I didn't spend much time studying the old tests so I couldn't say what was functional and what wasn't. However, I did notice a lot of errors like the ones you point out, which motivated me to change how the tests are run. It might also be worth thinking about more "robust" tests. The “in”/“out” comparison tests only allow you to check that the geometry doesn't “change” according to the implementation, but they don't verify the accuracy of the geometry. It was with this in mind that I introduced the two tests of comparison with a circle and invariance by rotation. If you have any other idea of comparison feel free to tell me and I will add them.

I actually saw the other issue you are mentionning. As it's my first PR I wasn't sure if I could resolve two issues in a single PR, so I did not.
I will have a look at it and integrate the suggested modifications in my branch. I'll let you know.

[smallsaucepan]

In this case closing two issues in the same module will be fine. And happy to stick with the tests the way you're doing them.

[hadbn]

@smallsaucepan here are the modifications.
All ellipses are now calculated so that points are equally distributed along the circumference.
I based my work on the issue you mentionned earlier. However I had to do some modifications because the proposed implementation led to problems when considering big ellipses. Quickly, this was due to the fact that when considering "big" ellipses the distance between two points is quite different from the arc length between those points. This led to a difference between Ramanujan's circumference and the one calculated using the discretization.

Moreover, this method gives prettier ellipses but I have to admit that it's quite expensive.

Are you happy with that ?

[smallsaucepan]

Thanks @hadbn. Discussing with the other maintainers about the performance impact.

[hadbn]

@smallsaucepan as I was concerned about the cost of the new method, I updated the function. The parameter "accuracy" is now optionnal. When not used (or set to 0) the ellipse will be calculated using the historical method. When the parameter is used, the new method will be used.
It could also be relevant to use a threshold on the thickness of the ellipse, as the new method is usefull for thin ellipses but useless when considering "round" ellipses. However according to me the users of the function should decide the method they use by themselves, so I chose not to use the threshold in the function.

I am -of course- opened to every comment you (or other maintainers) could make.

[smallsaucepan]

Thanks @hadbn. Let's talk through our options.

Firstly, the other maintainers weren't too concerned if the new method is slower, as ellipse isn't really a work horse function that gets called thousands of times by other packages. Compare to distance or coordEach for example.

It's probably ok for us to admit the old algorithm doesn't provide satisfactory results for most cases, and we probably shouldn't use it any more or keep the code.

Your point about the new algorithm being of limited value the closer we get to a circle makes me wonder if we can base the default accuracy on the ratio between major and minor axis? Did some tests below:

L-R is old method (red), then accuracy 1, 2 and 3 in shades of green.

Major:minor ratio 2:1

Hard to distinguish much of a difference.

Major:minor ratio 5:1

Starting to see slight differences - third row of accuracy 1 points are noticeably lower than same points for accuracy 2.

Major:minor ratio 10:1

Differences for accuracy 1 are very noticeable. 2 and 3 still seem pretty similar.

What would you think about defaulting accuracy to:

ratio < 5 accuracy 1
ratio 5 - 10 accuracy 2
ration > 10 accuracy 3

and letting the user override it if they want to? No need to implement that yet. Let's discuss and agree on an approach first 👍

[hadbn]

Thanks. Your examples are very relevant.

I'm happy with the thresholds you suggest for the ratio being >= 5, and for letting the user override the accuracy.
However we could split the first bound as :

ratio < 2 : accuracy 0 (which is ~half the cost of 1 accuracy)
ratio 2 - 5 : accuracy 1
and as you suggested for ratio > 5

[smallsaucepan]

Hmm. I tried plugging 0 into the latest PR code and got the blue ellipse below:

Do you have some uncommitted code that handles that case?

[hadbn]

I don't have uncommitted code.
However, the dark blue ellipse has a high aspect ratio so this is not the configuration where accuracy=0 should be used.
I recommended to use it at low aspect ratio (<2) but it can be (<1.5)

We can hardly see the difference between acc = 0 and acc = 1 for an aspect ratio of 2.
With an aspect ratio of 1.333 there is -according to me- no need to have an accuracy of 1 or more and keeping accuracy=0 should be precise enough

[smallsaucepan]

Of course! Silly of me. I forgot that would be for more circular ellipses. Apologies.

I was playing around with a couple of other ideas. Notably, found this solution: https://stackoverflow.com/a/20257593/3606644

It seems to work better with those high aspect ratio ellipses, without having to do the expensive perimeter calculation first. Only problem is steps would have to be a multiple of four (it calculates a single quadrant). Which led me to wonder what happens if a user puts in a steps not divisible by four?

Turf has probably done this for forever, so I suspect if anyone was doing that they would have raised it as a bug.

Would you mind if I investigate that other approach a bit, and if it performs better than the perimeter method maybe we can look at merging that with your initial commits? Appreciate your patience working though this.

[hadbn]

This other approach looks interesting. I'm looking forward to see how it will perform. Would you mind keeping me in touch ?

I'm not sure to understand what you meant by saying "Turf has probably done this for forever, so I suspect if anyone was doing that they would have raised it as a bug.". Is there an historical limitation to ensure that steps is a multible of 4 ?

[smallsaucepan]

@hadbn of course! Performance is about 5x slower than the old version, which is about 2x faster than accuracy 1. So, it seems promising.

I'm having trouble with the results I'm getting though. Would you mind taking a look if I share the implementation? That way we can both troubleshoot. For some reason my segment lengths aren't as uniform as the example, and the last segment is oversized. My results are the red graph.

I'm not sure to understand what you meant by saying "Turf has probably done this for forever ...

By that I mean Turf has always given the user exactly the number of steps they ask for - even it it's a weird number like 11 that leads to the blunted shape above. I'm presuming that if anyone was actually doing that they'd have probably raised it as a Turf bug, even though the function was giving them exactly what they were asking for.

[hadbn]

I assume accuracy 0 to be 2x faster than accuracy 1, so accuracy 0 and your method should be equivalent (performance speaking).

Yes of course, please share the implementation !

I see your point when you assume that 11 steps are required. But what if users are curently asking for 101 steps for instance ? The distance between points would be smaller so it won't lead to the blunted shape (or less), and users would not have raised an issue. However, it's still not a multiple of 4.
If we were to adopt your method, maybe it would be a good practice to take the closest number to the one given for the number of steps, and which is a multiple of 4 ?