Implement EIP-1559

[imterryyy]

Abstract

From the official EIP-1559 of Ethereum

We introduce a new [EIP-2718](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2718) transaction type, with the format 0x02 || rlp([chain_id, nonce, max_priority_fee_per_gas, max_fee_per_gas, gas_limit, destination, amount, data, access_list, signature_y_parity, signature_r, signature_s]).

There is a base fee per gas in protocol, which can move up or down each block according to a formula which is a function of gas used in parent block and gas target (block gas limit divided by elasticity multiplier) of parent block. The algorithm results in the base fee per gas increasing when blocks are above the gas target, and decreasing when blocks are below the gas target. The base fee per gas is burned. Transactions specify the maximum fee per gas they are willing to give to miners to incentivize them to include their transaction (aka: priority fee). Transactions also specify the maximum fee per gas they are willing to pay total (aka: max fee), which covers both the priority fee and the block’s network fee per gas (aka: base fee). Senders will always pay the base fee per gas of the block their transaction was included in, and they will pay the priority fee per gas set in the transaction, as long as the combined amount of the two fees doesn’t exceed the transaction’s maximum fee per gas.

Structural changes in EVM

• Add a BaseFee field in types.Header
• Add a BaseFee opcode, returns the base fee of the current block where the code is running in
• Add NoBaseFee option in EVM config to disable base fee checking in certain cases, such as testing, gas estimating, call or tracing RPC APIs

Implement EIP-2718 typed transaction envelope for DynamicFeeTxType and unify with current LegacyTxType

Following the abstract, we will define a new DynamicFeeTxType with the format 0x02 || rlp([chain_id, nonce, max_priority_fee_per_gas, max_fee_per_gas, gas_limit, destination, amount, data, access_list, signature_y_parity, signature_r, signature_s]). The current transaction struct below will be specify as LegacyTxType

type Transaction struct {
	data txdata
	// caches
	hash atomic.Value
	size atomic.Value
	from atomic.Value
}

type txdata struct {
	AccountNonce uint64          `json:"nonce"    gencodec:"required"`
	Price        *big.Int        `json:"gasPrice" gencodec:"required"`
	GasLimit     uint64          `json:"gas"      gencodec:"required"`
	Recipient    *common.Address `json:"to"       rlp:"nil"` // nil means contract creation
	Amount       *big.Int        `json:"value"    gencodec:"required"`
	Payload      []byte          `json:"input"    gencodec:"required"`

	// Signature values
	V *big.Int `json:"v" gencodec:"required"`
	R *big.Int `json:"r" gencodec:"required"`
	S *big.Int `json:"s" gencodec:"required"`

	// This is only used when marshaling to JSON.
	Hash *common.Hash `json:"hash" rlp:"-"`
}

Both transaction types need to expose some same certain fields so the idea here is transform this txdata struct into an interface for both transaction types to implement

// TxData is the underlying data of a transaction.
//
// This is implemented by DynamicFeeTx, LegacyTx and AccessListTx.
type TxData interface {
	txType() byte // returns the type ID
	copy() TxData // creates a deep copy and initializes all fields

	chainID() *big.Int
	data() []byte
	gas() uint64
	gasPrice() *big.Int
	gasTipCap() *big.Int
	gasFeeCap() *big.Int
	value() *big.Int
	nonce() uint64
	to() *common.Address

	rawSignatureValues() (v, r, s *big.Int)
	setSignatureValues(chainID, v, r, s *big.Int)

	// effectiveGasPrice computes the gas price paid by the transaction, given
	// the inclusion block baseFee.
	//
	// Unlike other TxData methods, the returned *big.Int should be an independent
	// copy of the computed value, i.e. callers are allowed to mutate the result.
	// Method implementations can use 'dst' to store the result.
	effectiveGasPrice(dst *big.Int, baseFee *big.Int) *big.Int

	encode(*bytes.Buffer) error
	decode([]byte) error
}

[trinhdn2]

• Implement EIP-2718 typed transaction envelope #443

[trinhdn2]

• Implement EIP-1559 #444