@@ -1726,7 +1726,7 @@ <h2 id="les-types-de-donnees">Les types de données<a class="headerlink" href="#
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< span class ="normal "> 2</ span > </ pre > </ div > </ td > < td class ="code "> < div > < pre > < span > </ span > < code > < span class ="c1 "> # Pour créer une variable, on déclare juste le nom de la variable ainsi que sa valeur :</ span >
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< span class ="n "> compteur</ span > < span class ="o "> =</ span > < span class ="mi "> 0</ span >
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</ code > </ pre > </ div > </ td > </ tr > </ table > </ div >
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- < p > Nous allons par la suite utiliser < code > type(variable</ code > pour vérifier le < strong > type</ strong > de la variable.</ p >
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+ < p > Nous allons par la suite utiliser < code > type(variable) </ code > pour vérifier le < strong > type</ strong > de la variable.</ p >
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< div class ="highlight "> < table class ="highlighttable "> < tr > < td class ="linenos "> < div class ="linenodiv "> < pre > < span > </ span > < span class ="normal "> 1</ span >
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< span class ="normal "> 2</ span >
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< span class ="normal "> 3</ span >
@@ -2026,13 +2026,23 @@ <h2 id="operateurs-logiques">Opérateurs logiques<a class="headerlink" href="#op
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< span class ="normal "> 8</ span >
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< span class ="normal "> 9</ span >
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< span class ="normal "> 10</ span >
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- < span class ="normal "> 11</ span > </ pre > </ div > </ td > < td class ="code "> < div > < pre > < span > </ span > < code > < span class ="n "> a</ span > < span class ="o "> ></ span > < span class ="n "> b</ span >
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+ < span class ="normal "> 11</ span >
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+ < span class ="normal "> 12</ span >
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+ < span class ="normal "> 13</ span >
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+ < span class ="normal "> 14</ span >
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+ < span class ="normal "> 15</ span >
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+ < span class ="normal "> 16</ span > </ pre > </ div > </ td > < td class ="code "> < div > < pre > < span > </ span > < code > < span class ="n "> a</ span > < span class ="o "> ></ span > < span class ="n "> b</ span >
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< span class ="n "> a</ span > < span class ="o "> >=</ span > < span class ="n "> b</ span >
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< span class ="n "> a</ span > < span class ="o "> <</ span > < span class ="n "> b</ span >
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< span class ="n "> a</ span > < span class ="o "> <=</ span > < span class ="n "> b</ span >
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< span class ="n "> a</ span > < span class ="o "> ==</ span > < span class ="n "> b</ span >
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< span class ="n "> a</ span > < span class ="o "> !=</ span > < span class ="n "> b</ span >
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+
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+ < span class ="c1 "> # Dans plusieurs langages, pour vérifier si "a" est entre deux bornes :</ span >
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+ < span class ="mi "> 0</ span > < span class ="o "> <</ span > < span class ="n "> a</ span > < span class ="ow "> and</ span > < span class ="n "> a</ span > < span class ="o "> <</ span > < span class ="mi "> 10</ span >
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+ < span class ="c1 "> # En Python, on peut faire</ span >
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< span class ="mi "> 0</ span > < span class ="o "> <</ span > < span class ="n "> a</ span > < span class ="o "> <</ span > < span class ="mi "> 10</ span >
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+
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< span class ="c1 "> # Pour les objets</ span >
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< span class ="n "> a</ span > < span class ="ow "> is</ span > < span class ="n "> b</ span >
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< span class ="n "> a</ span > < span class ="ow "> is</ span > < span class ="ow "> not</ span > < span class ="n "> b</ span >
@@ -2094,13 +2104,13 @@ <h2 id="boucle-for">Boucle for<a class="headerlink" href="#boucle-for" title="Pe
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< span class ="normal "> 26</ span >
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< span class ="normal "> 27</ span >
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< span class ="normal "> 28</ span >
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- < span class ="normal "> 29</ span > </ pre > </ div > </ td > < td class ="code "> < div > < pre > < span > </ span > < code > < span class ="k "> for</ span > < span class ="n "> x</ span > < span class ="ow "> in</ span > < span class ="nb "> range</ span > < span class ="p "> (</ span > < span class ="mi "> 10</ span > < span class ="p "> ):</ span >
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- < span class ="nb "> print</ span > < span class ="p "> (</ span > < span class ="n "> x</ span > < span class ="p "> )</ span >
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-
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- < span class ="n "> countries</ span > < span class ="o "> =</ span > < span class ="p "> [</ span > < span class ="s1 "> 'Allemagne'</ span > < span class ="p "> ,</ span > < span class ="s1 "> 'Espagne'</ span > < span class ="p "> ,</ span > < span class ="s1 "> 'France'</ span > < span class ="p "> ]</ span >
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+ < span class ="normal "> 29</ span > </ pre > </ div > </ td > < td class ="code "> < div > < pre > < span > </ span > < code > < span class ="n "> countries</ span > < span class ="o "> =</ span > < span class ="p "> [</ span > < span class ="s1 "> 'Allemagne'</ span > < span class ="p "> ,</ span > < span class ="s1 "> 'Espagne'</ span > < span class ="p "> ,</ span > < span class ="s1 "> 'France'</ span > < span class ="p "> ]</ span >
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< span class ="k "> for</ span > < span class ="n "> country</ span > < span class ="ow "> in</ span > < span class ="n "> countries</ span > < span class ="p "> :</ span >
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< span class ="nb "> print</ span > < span class ="p "> (</ span > < span class ="sa "> f</ span > < span class ="s1 "> 'Pays : </ span > < span class ="si "> {</ span > < span class ="n "> country</ span > < span class ="si "> }</ span > < span class ="s1 "> '</ span > < span class ="p "> )</ span >
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+ < span class ="k "> for</ span > < span class ="n "> x</ span > < span class ="ow "> in</ span > < span class ="nb "> range</ span > < span class ="p "> (</ span > < span class ="mi "> 10</ span > < span class ="p "> ):</ span >
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+ < span class ="nb "> print</ span > < span class ="p "> (</ span > < span class ="n "> x</ span > < span class ="p "> )</ span >
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+
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< span class ="n "> regions</ span > < span class ="o "> =</ span > < span class ="p "> {</ span >
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< span class ="s1 "> 'Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes'</ span > < span class ="p "> :</ span > < span class ="s1 "> 'Lyon'</ span > < span class ="p "> ,</ span >
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< span class ="s1 "> 'Bourgogne-Franche-Comté'</ span > < span class ="p "> :</ span > < span class ="s1 "> 'Dijon'</ span > < span class ="p "> ,</ span >
@@ -2121,7 +2131,7 @@ <h2 id="boucle-for">Boucle for<a class="headerlink" href="#boucle-for" title="Pe
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< span class ="nb "> print</ span > < span class ="p "> (</ span > < span class ="sa "> f</ span > < span class ="s1 "> 'Région </ span > < span class ="si "> {</ span > < span class ="n "> region</ span > < span class ="si "> }</ span > < span class ="s1 "> dont le chef lieu est </ span > < span class ="si "> {</ span > < span class ="n "> city</ span > < span class ="si "> }</ span > < span class ="s1 "> '</ span > < span class ="p "> )</ span >
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< span class ="c1 "> # Non recommandé, mais on peut le rencontrer</ span >
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- < span class ="k "> for</ span > < span class ="n "> region</ span > < span class ="ow "> in</ span > < span class ="n "> regions</ span > < span class ="p "> :</ span >
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+ < span class ="k "> for</ span > < span class ="n "> region</ span > < span class ="ow "> in</ span > < span class ="n "> regions</ span > < span class ="o " > . </ span > < span class =" n " > keys </ span > < span class =" p "> () :</ span >
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< span class ="nb "> print</ span > < span class ="p "> (</ span > < span class ="sa "> f</ span > < span class ="s2 "> "Région </ span > < span class ="si "> {</ span > < span class ="n "> region</ span > < span class ="si "> }</ span > < span class ="s2 "> dont le chef lieu est </ span > < span class ="si "> {</ span > < span class ="n "> regions</ span > < span class ="p "> [</ span > < span class ="n "> region</ span > < span class ="p "> ]</ span > < span class ="si "> }</ span > < span class ="s2 "> "</ span > < span class ="p "> )</ span >
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</ code > </ pre > </ div > </ td > </ tr > </ table > </ div >
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< h2 id ="recherche-dun-element "> Recherche d'un élément< a class ="headerlink " href ="#recherche-dun-element " title ="Permanent link "> #</ a > </ h2 >
@@ -2182,6 +2192,8 @@ <h2 id="recherche-dun-element">Recherche d'un élément<a class="headerlink" hre
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< span class ="c1 "> # Encore plus pythonique avec une list-comprehension, voir plus bas</ span >
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</ code > </ pre > </ div > </ td > </ tr > </ table > </ div >
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< h2 id ="boucle-while "> Boucle while< a class ="headerlink " href ="#boucle-while " title ="Permanent link "> #</ a > </ h2 >
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+ < p > Contrairement à la boucle < code > for</ code > , on ne connait pas forcément le nombre d'exécution de la boucle en lisant uniquement
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+ la ligne < code > while</ code > .</ p >
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< div class ="highlight "> < table class ="highlighttable "> < tr > < td class ="linenos "> < div class ="linenodiv "> < pre > < span > </ span > < span class ="normal "> 1</ span >
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< span class ="normal "> 2</ span >
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< span class ="normal "> 3</ span >
@@ -2245,26 +2257,43 @@ <h2 id="switch">Switch<a class="headerlink" href="#switch" title="Permanent link
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</ code > </ pre > </ div > </ td > </ tr > </ table > </ div >
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< details >
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< summary > Avant Python 3.10 avec un < code > if elif</ code > </ summary >
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- < p > ```python
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- numero_jour = 2</ p >
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- < p > if numero_jour == 1:
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- print('Lundi')
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- elif numero_jour == 2:
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- print('Mardi')
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- elif numero_jour == 3:
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- print('Mercredi')
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- elif numero_jour == 4:
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- print('Jeudi')
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- elif numero_jour == 5:
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- print('Vendredi')
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- elif numero_jour == 6:
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- print('Samedi')
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- elif numero_jour == 7:
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- print('Dimanche')
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- else:
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- print('Pas un jour de la semaine')</ p >
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+ < div class ="highlight "> < table class ="highlighttable "> < tr > < td class ="linenos "> < div class ="linenodiv "> < pre > < span > </ span > < span class ="normal "> 1</ span >
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+ < span class ="normal "> 2</ span >
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+ < span class ="normal "> 3</ span >
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+ < span class ="normal "> 4</ span >
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+ < span class ="normal "> 5</ span >
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+ < span class ="normal "> 6</ span >
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+ < span class ="normal "> 7</ span >
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+ < span class ="normal "> 8</ span >
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+ < span class ="normal "> 9</ span >
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+ < span class ="normal "> 10</ span >
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+ < span class ="normal "> 11</ span >
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+ < span class ="normal "> 12</ span >
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+ < span class ="normal "> 13</ span >
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+ < span class ="normal "> 14</ span >
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+ < span class ="normal "> 15</ span >
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+ < span class ="normal "> 16</ span >
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+ < span class ="normal "> 17</ span >
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+ < span class ="normal "> 18</ span > </ pre > </ div > </ td > < td class ="code "> < div > < pre > < span > </ span > < code > < span class ="n "> numero_jour</ span > < span class ="o "> =</ span > < span class ="mi "> 2</ span >
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+
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+ < span class ="k "> if</ span > < span class ="n "> numero_jour</ span > < span class ="o "> ==</ span > < span class ="mi "> 1</ span > < span class ="p "> :</ span >
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+ < span class ="nb "> print</ span > < span class ="p "> (</ span > < span class ="s1 "> 'Lundi'</ span > < span class ="p "> )</ span >
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+ < span class ="k "> elif</ span > < span class ="n "> numero_jour</ span > < span class ="o "> ==</ span > < span class ="mi "> 2</ span > < span class ="p "> :</ span >
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+ < span class ="nb "> print</ span > < span class ="p "> (</ span > < span class ="s1 "> 'Mardi'</ span > < span class ="p "> )</ span >
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+ < span class ="k "> elif</ span > < span class ="n "> numero_jour</ span > < span class ="o "> ==</ span > < span class ="mi "> 3</ span > < span class ="p "> :</ span >
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+ < span class ="nb "> print</ span > < span class ="p "> (</ span > < span class ="s1 "> 'Mercredi'</ span > < span class ="p "> )</ span >
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+ < span class ="k "> elif</ span > < span class ="n "> numero_jour</ span > < span class ="o "> ==</ span > < span class ="mi "> 4</ span > < span class ="p "> :</ span >
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+ < span class ="nb "> print</ span > < span class ="p "> (</ span > < span class ="s1 "> 'Jeudi'</ span > < span class ="p "> )</ span >
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+ < span class ="k "> elif</ span > < span class ="n "> numero_jour</ span > < span class ="o "> ==</ span > < span class ="mi "> 5</ span > < span class ="p "> :</ span >
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+ < span class ="nb "> print</ span > < span class ="p "> (</ span > < span class ="s1 "> 'Vendredi'</ span > < span class ="p "> )</ span >
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+ < span class ="k "> elif</ span > < span class ="n "> numero_jour</ span > < span class ="o "> ==</ span > < span class ="mi "> 6</ span > < span class ="p "> :</ span >
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+ < span class ="nb "> print</ span > < span class ="p "> (</ span > < span class ="s1 "> 'Samedi'</ span > < span class ="p "> )</ span >
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+ < span class ="k "> elif</ span > < span class ="n "> numero_jour</ span > < span class ="o "> ==</ span > < span class ="mi "> 7</ span > < span class ="p "> :</ span >
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+ < span class ="nb "> print</ span > < span class ="p "> (</ span > < span class ="s1 "> 'Dimanche'</ span > < span class ="p "> )</ span >
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+ < span class ="k "> else</ span > < span class ="p "> :</ span >
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+ < span class ="nb "> print</ span > < span class ="p "> (</ span > < span class ="s1 "> 'Pas un jour de la semaine'</ span > < span class ="p "> )</ span >
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+ </ code > </ pre > </ div > </ td > </ tr > </ table > </ div >
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</ details >
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- < p > ```</ p >
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< h2 id ="list-comprehensions "> List Comprehensions< a class ="headerlink " href ="#list-comprehensions " title ="Permanent link "> #</ a > </ h2 >
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< p > C'est une façon très pythonique et très utilisée de créer des listes.</ p >
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< h3 id ="pour-transformer-une-liste-existante-en-la-remplacant "> Pour transformer une liste existante, en la remplaçant :< a class ="headerlink " href ="#pour-transformer-une-liste-existante-en-la-remplacant " title ="Permanent link "> #</ a > </ h3 >
@@ -2291,34 +2320,10 @@ <h3 id="pour-transformer-une-liste-existante-en-la-remplacant">Pour transformer
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< span class ="c1 "> # Pythonique</ span >
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< span class ="n "> impair</ span > < span class ="o "> =</ span > < span class ="p "> [</ span > < span class ="n "> x</ span > < span class ="k "> for</ span > < span class ="n "> x</ span > < span class ="ow "> in</ span > < span class ="nb "> range</ span > < span class ="p "> (</ span > < span class ="mi "> 10</ span > < span class ="p "> )</ span > < span class ="k "> if</ span > < span class ="n "> x</ span > < span class ="o "> %</ span > < span class ="mi "> 2</ span > < span class ="p "> ]</ span >
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</ code > </ pre > </ div > </ td > </ tr > </ table > </ div >
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- < p > Autre exemple en transformant une liste :</ p >
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< ul >
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< li > Il existe aussi les Dict Comprehensions (moins utilisé)</ li >
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</ ul >
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< h2 id ="manipulation-sur-les-chaines-de-caracteres "> Manipulation sur les chaînes de caractères< a class ="headerlink " href ="#manipulation-sur-les-chaines-de-caracteres " title ="Permanent link "> #</ a > </ h2 >
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- < ul >
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- < li > Pour information, les chaînes de caractères sont des listes et on peut faire du < strong > slicing</ strong > sur des listes :</ li >
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- </ ul >
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- < div class ="highlight "> < table class ="highlighttable "> < tr > < td class ="linenos "> < div class ="linenodiv "> < pre > < span > </ span > < span class ="normal "> 1</ span >
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- < span class ="normal "> 2</ span >
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- < span class ="normal "> 3</ span >
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- < span class ="normal "> 4</ span >
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- < span class ="normal "> 5</ span >
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- < span class ="normal "> 6</ span >
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- < span class ="normal "> 7</ span >
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- < span class ="normal "> 8</ span >
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- < span class ="normal "> 9</ span >
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- < span class ="normal "> 10</ span > </ pre > </ div > </ td > < td class ="code "> < div > < pre > < span > </ span > < code > < span class ="n "> alphabet</ span > < span class ="o "> =</ span > < span class ="s1 "> 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'</ span >
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- < span class ="nb "> len</ span > < span class ="p "> (</ span > < span class ="n "> alphabet</ span > < span class ="p "> )</ span >
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- < span class ="s1 "> ','</ span > < span class ="o "> .</ span > < span class ="n "> join</ span > < span class ="p "> (</ span > < span class ="n "> alphabet</ span > < span class ="p "> )</ span >
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- < span class ="n "> alphabet</ span > < span class ="o "> .</ span > < span class ="n "> lower</ span > < span class ="p "> ()</ span >
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- < span class ="n "> alphabet</ span > < span class ="o "> .</ span > < span class ="n "> upper</ span > < span class ="p "> ()</ span >
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- < span class ="n "> alphabet</ span > < span class ="p "> [</ span > < span class ="mi "> 1</ span > < span class ="p "> ]</ span > < span class ="c1 "> # B</ span >
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- < span class ="n "> alphabet</ span > < span class ="p "> [</ span > < span class ="mi "> 1</ span > < span class ="p "> :</ span > < span class ="mi "> 3</ span > < span class ="p "> ]</ span > < span class ="c1 "> # BC</ span >
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- < span class ="n "> alphabet</ span > < span class ="p "> [</ span > < span class ="o "> -</ span > < span class ="mi "> 1</ span > < span class ="p "> ]</ span > < span class ="c1 "> # Z</ span >
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- < span class ="n "> alphabet</ span > < span class ="p "> [</ span > < span class ="o "> -</ span > < span class ="mi "> 3</ span > < span class ="p "> :]</ span > < span class ="c1 "> # XYZ</ span >
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- < span class ="n "> alphabet</ span > < span class ="p "> [:</ span > < span class ="mi "> 6</ span > < span class ="p "> ]</ span > < span class ="c1 "> # ABCDEF</ span >
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- </ code > </ pre > </ div > </ td > </ tr > </ table > </ div >
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< p > Slicing sur les mois de l'année :</ p >
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< div class ="highlight "> < table class ="highlighttable "> < tr > < td class ="linenos "> < div class ="linenodiv "> < pre > < span > </ span > < span class ="normal "> 1</ span >
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< span class ="normal "> 2</ span >
@@ -2346,7 +2351,32 @@ <h2 id="manipulation-sur-les-chaines-de-caracteres">Manipulation sur les chaîne
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< span class ="n "> mois</ span > < span class ="p "> [</ span > < span class ="o "> -</ span > < span class ="mi "> 2</ span > < span class ="p "> :]</ span >
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< span class ="p "> [</ span > < span class ="s1 "> 'Novembre'</ span > < span class ="p "> ,</ span > < span class ="s1 "> 'Décembre'</ span > < span class ="p "> ]</ span >
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</ code > </ pre > </ div > </ td > </ tr > </ table > </ div >
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+ < ul >
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+ < li > Pour information, les chaînes de caractères sont des listes et on peut faire du < strong > slicing</ strong > sur des listes :</ li >
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+ </ ul >
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+ < div class ="highlight "> < table class ="highlighttable "> < tr > < td class ="linenos "> < div class ="linenodiv "> < pre > < span > </ span > < span class ="normal "> 1</ span >
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+ < span class ="normal "> 2</ span >
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+ < span class ="normal "> 3</ span >
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+ < span class ="normal "> 4</ span >
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+ < span class ="normal "> 5</ span >
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+ < span class ="normal "> 6</ span >
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+ < span class ="normal "> 7</ span >
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+ < span class ="normal "> 8</ span >
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+ < span class ="normal "> 9</ span >
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+ < span class ="normal "> 10</ span > </ pre > </ div > </ td > < td class ="code "> < div > < pre > < span > </ span > < code > < span class ="n "> alphabet</ span > < span class ="o "> =</ span > < span class ="s1 "> 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'</ span >
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+ < span class ="nb "> len</ span > < span class ="p "> (</ span > < span class ="n "> alphabet</ span > < span class ="p "> )</ span >
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+ < span class ="s1 "> ','</ span > < span class ="o "> .</ span > < span class ="n "> join</ span > < span class ="p "> (</ span > < span class ="n "> alphabet</ span > < span class ="p "> )</ span >
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+ < span class ="n "> alphabet</ span > < span class ="o "> .</ span > < span class ="n "> lower</ span > < span class ="p "> ()</ span >
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+ < span class ="n "> alphabet</ span > < span class ="o "> .</ span > < span class ="n "> upper</ span > < span class ="p "> ()</ span >
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+ < span class ="n "> alphabet</ span > < span class ="p "> [</ span > < span class ="mi "> 1</ span > < span class ="p "> ]</ span > < span class ="c1 "> # B</ span >
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+ < span class ="n "> alphabet</ span > < span class ="p "> [</ span > < span class ="mi "> 1</ span > < span class ="p "> :</ span > < span class ="mi "> 3</ span > < span class ="p "> ]</ span > < span class ="c1 "> # BC</ span >
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+ < span class ="n "> alphabet</ span > < span class ="p "> [</ span > < span class ="o "> -</ span > < span class ="mi "> 1</ span > < span class ="p "> ]</ span > < span class ="c1 "> # Z</ span >
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+ < span class ="n "> alphabet</ span > < span class ="p "> [</ span > < span class ="o "> -</ span > < span class ="mi "> 3</ span > < span class ="p "> :]</ span > < span class ="c1 "> # XYZ</ span >
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+ < span class ="n "> alphabet</ span > < span class ="p "> [:</ span > < span class ="mi "> 6</ span > < span class ="p "> ]</ span > < span class ="c1 "> # ABCDEF</ span >
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+ </ code > </ pre > </ div > </ td > </ tr > </ table > </ div >
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< h2 id ="fonctions "> Fonctions< a class ="headerlink " href ="#fonctions " title ="Permanent link "> #</ a > </ h2 >
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+ <!-- REVOIR -->
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+
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< p > Une fonction permet de factoriser son code. Elle peut :</ p >
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< ul >
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< li > ne pas prendre de paramètre en < strong > entrée</ strong > </ li >
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